ExCPT Pharmacy Technician Certification Exam CPhT PSI
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Free ExCPT Pharmacy Technician Certification Exam CPhT PSI Questions
A patient receives cefdinir (Omnicef) 250 mg/5 mL and is to receive 125 mg tid for 10 days. How many mg of cefdinir (Omnicef) will the patient receive daily?
- 375 mg
- 750 mg
- 500 mg
- 625 mg
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) 375 mg
The prescription indicates that the patient should receive 125 mg of cefdinir three times per day (tid). To determine the total daily dose, multiply the dose per administration by the number of doses per day. In this case, 125 mg × 3 doses per day equals 375 mg per day.
The concentration of the suspension (250 mg per 5 mL) is used to determine the volume administered but does not change the total milligrams prescribed per dose. Therefore, the patient receives a total of 375 mg of cefdinir each day throughout the treatment period.
Which of the following medications is used to treat motion sickness?
- Loratadine (Claritin)
- Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
- Guaifenesin (Mucinex)
- Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
Dimenhydrinate is an antihistamine commonly used to prevent and treat motion sickness. It works by affecting the vestibular system in the inner ear and blocking signals that trigger nausea, vomiting, and dizziness associated with motion.
It is widely used for travel-related symptoms such as seasickness or car sickness. Loratadine is an antihistamine used for allergies, guaifenesin is an expectorant used for chest congestion, and oxymetazoline is a nasal decongestant used to relieve nasal congestion.
To prevent cross-contamination for nonhazardous medications, a pharmacy technician should clean the counting tray and spatula with which of the following products?
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Disinfectant spray
- Isopropyl alcohol
- Sterile water
Explanation
Correct Answer: C) Isopropyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol is commonly used in pharmacies to clean counting trays and spatulas when handling nonhazardous medications. It effectively removes medication residue and reduces the risk of cross-contamination between different drugs. Alcohol evaporates quickly and leaves minimal residue, making it ideal for cleaning surfaces used in medication preparation. Regular cleaning of counting equipment with isopropyl alcohol helps maintain medication safety and ensures accurate dispensing practices in the pharmacy setting.
A drug formulary is designed to save money by mandating the use of which of the following?
- A mail order company
- A preferred list of medications
- A primary physician
- Clinical pharmacists
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) A preferred list of medications
A preferred list of medications, also known as a formulary, is a list of drugs that are selected for use by an insurance company or healthcare provider. These drugs are chosen for their effectiveness, safety, and cost-efficiency. By mandating the use of medications from this list, healthcare organizations can control costs and ensure that patients are receiving high-quality treatments while minimizing unnecessary spending. This system helps reduce the overall healthcare expenses for both insurers and patients.
Which of the following medications should be avoided for patients who are younger than 19 years old?
- Aspirin (Bayer)
- Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
- Ibuprofen (Motrin)
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) Aspirin (Bayer)
Aspirin is contraindicated in children and teenagers under 19 years old, especially those who have or are recovering from viral infections, such as the flu or chickenpox. This is due to the increased risk of Reye’s syndrome, a rare but serious condition that can lead to liver failure and encephalopathy (brain swelling).
Reye’s syndrome is most commonly seen in children treated with aspirin during viral illnesses. For this reason, aspirin should be avoided in younger populations, and alternatives such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen are typically recommended for fever and pain relief in children.
Which of the following is designed to slowly dissolve in the mouth?
- Granules
- Effervescent tablet
- Troches
- Caplet
Explanation
Correct Answer: C) Troches
Troches are a dosage form designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth. They are also commonly referred to as lozenges. Troches release medication gradually as they dissolve, allowing the drug to act locally in the mouth or throat or to be absorbed through the oral mucosa.
This dosage form is commonly used for medications that treat throat infections, oral pain, cough suppression, or antifungal therapy for oral infections. Because troches dissolve slowly, patients are usually instructed not to chew or swallow them immediately so the medication can be released gradually for maximum therapeutic effect.
According to USP <797>, which of the following is the minimum length of time a pharmacy technician should scrub their hands prior to sterile compounding?
- 15 seconds
- 30 seconds
- 45 seconds
- 60 seconds
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) 30 seconds
USP <797> provides standards for sterile compounding in pharmacies and healthcare facilities to ensure patient safety and prevent contamination of sterile preparations. One of the key requirements outlined in this standard is proper hand hygiene before entering the sterile compounding area.
Pharmacy personnel must wash and scrub their hands and forearms thoroughly using antimicrobial soap and warm water for at least 30 seconds prior to donning sterile gloves and garb.
This process removes microorganisms, oils, and debris that could contaminate sterile medications. Proper hand hygiene is a critical infection control measure that helps maintain aseptic conditions in cleanrooms and laminar airflow hoods during sterile compounding procedures.
Which of the following assists individuals with low income?
- Medicaid
- Medicare
- Workers' compensation
- TRICARE
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) Medicaid
Medicaid is a government-funded healthcare program designed to provide medical coverage for individuals and families with low income and limited resources. It is jointly funded by federal and state governments and covers services such as hospital care, physician visits, prescription medications, and long-term care. Medicare primarily serves individuals aged 65 and older or those with certain disabilities, while workers’ compensation and TRICARE serve different populations.
Which of the following is an advantage of using an automated dispensing machine in an institutional setting?
- Decrease in inventory control
- Decrease in security
- Increase in turnaround time for medication orders
- Increase in patient safety
Explanation
Correct Answer: D) Increase in patient safety
Automated dispensing machines, such as medication dispensing cabinets used in hospitals, improve patient safety by reducing medication errors and enhancing accountability. These systems require user identification before medications can be accessed and track every transaction electronically.
The machines help ensure that the correct medication is dispensed for the correct patient and often integrate with electronic medication administration records. Automated systems also reduce the risk of unauthorized access to medications and help maintain accurate inventory records.
By improving medication tracking, reducing human error, and supporting accurate dispensing practices, automated dispensing machines play a significant role in enhancing overall patient safety in institutional healthcare settings.
Which of the following is used to reduce errors associated with look-alike medication names?
- All uppercase letters
- All lowercase letters
- Tall Man lettering
- Italicized lettering
Explanation
Correct Answer: C) Tall Man lettering
Tall Man lettering is a technique used to reduce errors associated with look-alike medication names by emphasizing parts of the drug name with uppercase letters to highlight differences between similar-sounding medications.
This helps to distinguish between medications that may be visually confusing. Using all uppercase or lowercase letters or italicized lettering doesn't have the same effect in terms of clarity and differentiation.
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