Bio 168 Anatomy and Physiology at Piedmont Community College
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Free Bio 168 Anatomy and Physiology at Piedmont Community College Questions
An unsaturated fatty acid may be defined as which of the following
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a fatty acid having no single or double bonds
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a fatty acid having no double bonds
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a fatty acid having one or more double bonds
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a fatty acid having no single, double, nor triple bonds
Explanation
Correct Answer C: a fatty acid having one or more double bonds
Explanation:
An unsaturated fatty acid contains one or more double bonds between carbon atoms in its hydrocarbon chain. These double bonds create kinks in the chain, affecting the structure and fluidity of fats.
If it has one double bond, it's called monounsaturated; if it has two or more, it's polyunsaturated.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:
A. a fatty acid having no single or double bonds – This is chemically impossible, as all fatty acids require some form of bonding.
B. a fatty acid having no double bonds – This describes a saturated fatty acid, not an unsaturated one.
D. a fatty acid having no single, double, nor triple bonds – A molecule without any bonds cannot exist; this is not a valid description of any fatty acid.
Pain in the upper right quadrant could possibly be caused by which of the following
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splenomegaly
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colorectal cancer
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all of the choices are correct
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gall stones
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appendicitis
Explanation
Correct Answer D: gall stones
Explanation:
Gallstones can cause pain in the upper right quadrant because the gallbladder is located just beneath the liver in this region. Gallstone pain, also known as biliary colic, often occurs after eating fatty meals and may radiate to the back or shoulder.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:
A. splenomegaly – An enlarged spleen is located in the upper left quadrant, not the right.
B. colorectal cancer – This typically affects the lower abdomen or pelvis, not specifically the upper right quadrant.
C. all of the choices are correct – Incorrect, because only gallstones are associated with upper right quadrant pain.
E. appendicitis – This causes pain in the lower right quadrant, not the upper right.
If a buffer is not present, a large increase in the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution will do which of the following to the pH
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Will not affect the pH
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Decrease the pH
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Gravity
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Will both raise and lower the pH in equal amounts
Explanation
Correct Answer B: Decrease the pH
Explanation:
An increase in hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration makes a solution more acidic, which lowers its pH. Without a buffer to stabilize the hydrogen ion levels, the solution cannot resist this change, and the pH drops significantly. This makes buffers essential for maintaining a stable internal environment in biological systems.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:
A. Will not affect the pH
This is incorrect because hydrogen ion concentration directly affects pH. An increase in H⁺ will always lower pH unless buffered.
C. Gravity
This is irrelevant to the chemical property of pH and has no role in acid-base balance.
D. Will both raise and lower the pH in equal amounts
pH does not fluctuate randomly. An increase in H⁺ will specifically decrease pH, not cause it to go up and down equally.
A frontal section bisects the human into inferior and superior halves.
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True
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False
Explanation
Correct Answer: False
Explanation:
A frontal section (also called a coronal plane) divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions. The plane that separates the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) halves is the transverse (horizontal) plane, not the frontal plane.
The visceral pericardium is a serous membrane found directly connected to the lungs.
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True
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False
Explanation
Correct Answer: False
Explanation:
The visceral pericardium is the serous membrane that covers the heart, not the lungs. The serous membrane that covers the lungs is called the visceral pleura. Each organ in the thoracic cavity has its own specific membrane: pericardium for the heart, pleura for the lungs, and peritoneum for abdominal organs.
In negative feedback, after homeostasis has been achieved, the regulatory center decreases messaging to the effectors
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True
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False
Explanation
Correct Answer: True
Explanation:
Negative feedback is a control mechanism that works to restore balance (homeostasis) in the body. Once the desired condition (such as normal temperature, pH, or glucose level) is reached, the regulatory center (like the brain or endocrine gland) reduces or stops signaling the effectors, since no further action is needed. This helps prevent overcorrection and maintains internal stability.
A cervical fracture would indicate injury to which area of the body
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none of the choices are correct
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the skull
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the neck
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the leg
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the arm
Explanation
Correct Answer C: the neck
Explanation:
The term "cervical" refers to the cervical spine, which is the neck region of the spinal column. A cervical fracture means a break in one of the seven cervical vertebrae (C1–C7). These types of injuries can be serious due to their proximity to the spinal cord and brainstem.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:
A. none of the choices are correct – Incorrect, because one correct option is listed.
B.. the skull – The skull is part of the head, not the cervical spine.
D. the leg – The leg corresponds to the lower extremity, not the cervical region.
E. the arm – The arm is connected to the shoulder and upper torso, not the cervical spine.
The breakdown of ATP is an example of a synthesis reaction
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True
-
False
Explanation
Correct Answer: False
Explanation:
The breakdown of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate is a decomposition reaction, not a synthesis reaction. In this process, a larger molecule (ATP) is broken down into smaller components, releasing energy used by cells for various functions.
Which of the following are proteins composed of
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fatty acids
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nucleic acids
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unsaturated fatty acids
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amino acids
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saturated fatty acids
Explanation
Correct Answer D: amino acids
Explanation:
Proteins are large, complex molecules made up of amino acids, which are linked together by peptide bonds. There are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form all the proteins needed by the body.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:
A. fatty acids – These are the building blocks of fats, not proteins.
B. nucleic acids – These make up DNA and RNA, not proteins.
C. unsaturated fatty acids – These are a type of fat, not a component of protein.
E. saturated fatty acids – Like unsaturated, these are fat molecules, not protein components.
When the liver stores glucose molecules in the form of glycogen, this chemical reaction is known as
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anabolic
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catabolic
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hydration
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exchange
Explanation
Correct Answer A: anabolic
Explanation:
An anabolic reaction builds larger molecules from smaller ones. In this case, the liver joins multiple glucose molecules together to form glycogen, a storage form of energy. This energy-requiring process is a classic example of anabolism.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:
B. catabolic
Catabolic reactions involve the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones, which is the opposite of what is happening here.
C. hydration
Hydration involves adding water to a molecule, which is not the process being described.
D. exchange
Exchange reactions involve swapping components between molecules, not building glycogen from glucose.
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