NR 222 – Exam 3 (Week 8) at Chamberlain University
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Free NR 222 – Exam 3 (Week 8) at Chamberlain University Questions
1. During a routine check-up, a nurse asks a 3-year-old toddler to draw a circle. Which aspect of the child's fine motor development is the nurse evaluating?
- A. The child's understanding of shapes
- B. The child's hand-eye coordination and control
- C. The child's ability to follow instructions
- D. The child's verbal communication skills
Explanation
Asking a 3-year-old to draw a circle assesses fine motor development, specifically hand-eye coordination and muscle control. This task evaluates how well the child uses small muscles in the hands and fingers to perform precise movements. At this developmental stage, drawing shapes reflects growing dexterity, spatial awareness, and readiness for future skills like writing and self-care activities such as buttoning or feeding independently.
2. A 70-year-old client expresses regret about not spending more time with family and feels life has little meaning. Based on Erikson's theory, which nursing action is most appropriate?
- A. Encourage the client to focus on current hobbies.
- B. Facilitate a life review and reminiscence therapy.
- C. Suggest client avoid thinking about the past.
- D. Recommend setting new long-term goals.
Explanation
In Erikson’s stage of Integrity vs. Despair, older adults reflect on their lives to determine whether they feel fulfillment or regret. Facilitating a life review and reminiscence therapy allows the client to find meaning, reconcile unresolved emotions, and foster acceptance and integrity. This promotes psychological well-being and reduces despair as they evaluate their life experiences.
3. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old client who insists on choosing their own clothes. According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which nursing response best supports the child's developmental needs?
- A. "You're too young to make those decisions."
- B. "Let's pick out your clothes together so you look nice."
- C. "You should wear what your parents picked out."
- D. "You can choose what to wear from these two outfits."
Explanation
Allowing the child to choose between two outfits supports Erikson’s stage of Initiative vs. Guilt (ages 3–6). This stage focuses on developing independence and decision-making. Providing limited choices encourages autonomy and confidence while maintaining appropriate boundaries and structure that foster a sense of responsibility and accomplishment.
4. The nurse is caring for a young adult male client who is a professional cyclist, traveling globally and competing in a demanding schedule of races. Which self-screening will the nurse recommend to the client?
- A. Testicular self-examination for lumps and irregularities.
- B. Oral self-examination for tooth decay.
- C. Skin self-examination for malnutrition and dehydration.
- D. Prostate self-examination for urinary tract health.
Explanation
The nurse should recommend a testicular self-examination (TSE) because testicular cancer most commonly affects men between the ages of 15 and 35, which includes young adults like this client. Early detection is crucial, as testicular cancer has a high cure rate when treated promptly. The client should perform TSE monthly, ideally after a warm shower when the scrotal skin is relaxed, checking for lumps, swelling, or changes in consistency. Given his athletic lifestyle and frequent travel, self-awareness is key to maintaining preventive health.
5.
The nurse is preparing a community education program for middle adulthood participants. Based on the admission data, which 2 diagnoses should the nurse prioritize education to promote health and wellness? Select two diagnoses.
- A Cardiovascular disease
- B Diabetes
- C Substance use disorder
- D. Renal Disease
- E. Breast Cancer
Explanation
A. Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular disease should be prioritized because the graph shows that it had the highest number of admissions in January compared to all other diagnoses. This indicates a significant burden within the community, especially among middle-aged adults who are at increased risk due to factors like hypertension, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and poor diet. Early education on prevention—through lifestyle modification, regular screening, and stress management—can reduce hospitalizations and improve long-term outcomes. B. Diabetes Diabetes should also be prioritized because the data demonstrate a marked increase in admissions during February, with the highest overall rate among all diagnoses in that month. This trend suggests ongoing issues with glycemic control and chronic disease management in the community. Middle adulthood is a critical period for preventing complications such as neuropathy, renal disease, and cardiovascular problems. Educational efforts should focus on diet, exercise, glucose monitoring, and medication adherence to promote wellness and reduce future admissions.
6. Which of the following is the most important consideration when recommending an exercise program for an older adult client?
- A. The intensity of the exercise should match the client's fitness level.
- B. The exercise routine should be consistent with the activities from the client's youth.
- C. The program should only include high-impact activities to maximize benefits.
- D. The exercise program should focus solely on cardiovascular fitness.
Explanation
When creating an exercise plan for older adults, matching exercise intensity to the client’s current fitness level is crucial for safety and effectiveness. Older adults often experience reduced cardiovascular capacity, joint flexibility, and muscle mass. Gradually progressing in intensity prevents overexertion, minimizes risk of falls or cardiac events, and encourages consistent participation. Programs should include endurance, strength, balance, and flexibility components suited to individual capability.
7. A nurse is caring for a 15-year-old client. According to Erikson, which psychosocial task is relevant for this client's age group?
- A. Industry vs. Inferiority
- B. Initiative vs. Guilt
- C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
- D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Explanation
According to Erikson’s psychosocial theory, adolescents (ages 12–18) face the stage of Identity vs. Role Confusion. During this period, individuals explore their values, beliefs, and goals to form a stable sense of self. Successful resolution leads to a strong personal identity, while failure results in confusion about one’s role and direction in life.
8.
Review the transcribed phone call:
“This is Rachel, RN. I’m calling about Mr. Singh. He’s more confused than usual. He has dementia.”
What component of ISBAR is missing from this communication?
- A. Recommendation
- B. Background
- C. Situation
- D. Identity
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
A. RecommendationExplanation
The nurse clearly provides Identity (“This is Rachel, RN”), the Situation (“He’s more confused than usual”), and relevant Background (“He has dementia”). However, the communication lacks a Recommendation, which is the part of ISBAR where the nurse states what action is needed, such as requesting an assessment, medication review, or further evaluation. Without a recommendation, the message does not clearly guide the next steps in patient care.
9.
A nurse is conducting a class on infant safety in the home environment. Which safety precaution(s) should the nurse emphasize to the caregivers to help prevent injuries? Select all that apply.
- A. Avoid giving whole grapes to infants due to choking hazards.
- B. Place safety gates at the top and bottom of stairs to prevent falls.
- C. Place pillows and stuffed animals in the crib to ensure the infant's comfort.
- D. Install outlet covers on all unused electrical outlets within the infant's reach.
- E. Never leave the infant unattended in or near water, even for a moment.
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
A. Avoid giving whole grapes to infants due to choking hazards.B. Place safety gates at the top and bottom of stairs to prevent falls.
D. Install outlet covers on all unused electrical outlets within the infant's reach.
E. Never leave the infant unattended in or near water, even for a moment.
Explanation
A. Avoid giving whole grapes to infants due to choking hazards.Whole grapes are a major choking risk for infants because their size, shape, and texture can easily obstruct the airway. Infants lack the chewing ability and airway control needed to safely manage foods like whole grapes. Caregivers should either avoid these foods entirely or cut them into very small, appropriate pieces to reduce choking risk.
B. Place safety gates at the top and bottom of stairs to prevent falls.
Infants and young children are at high risk for falls as they begin to crawl and walk. Installing safety gates at stairways helps prevent serious injuries such as head trauma or fractures. Falls are one of the leading causes of injury in infants, making stairway barriers an essential home safety measure.
D. Install outlet covers on all unused electrical outlets within the infant's reach.
Infants explore their environment by touching and inserting objects, which increases the risk of electrical shock. Outlet covers prevent infants from placing fingers or objects into electrical outlets. This simple intervention significantly reduces the risk of burns, shock, and other electrical injuries in the home.
E. Never leave the infant unattended in or near water, even for a moment.
Drowning can occur quickly and silently, even in small amounts of water such as bathtubs, buckets, or sinks. Infants lack the ability to protect their airway or escape danger. Constant supervision around water is critical, as even brief lapses can result in serious injury or death.
10. What is an essential element of a therapeutic nurse-client relationship?
- A. Discussing the nurse's personal life with the client
- B. Maintaining clear and professional boundaries
- C. Focusing on tasks instead of the client's feelings
- D. Establishing social friendships with the client
Explanation
Maintaining clear and professional boundaries is essential in a therapeutic nurse-client relationship. Boundaries establish trust, respect, and safety, ensuring the focus remains on the client’s needs and well-being. Professional boundaries prevent emotional dependency, role confusion, or ethical violations, allowing the nurse to maintain objectivity and deliver effective, compassionate care.
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