NR 222 – Exam 3 (Week 8) at Chamberlain University
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Free NR 222 – Exam 3 (Week 8) at Chamberlain University Questions
1. The nurse is preparing to care for a client in the hospital setting. Which therapeutic communication technique(s) should the nurse use when caring for a client? Select all that apply.
- A Summarizing
- B Asking relevant questions
- C Paraphrasing
- D Active listening
- E Giving advice
Explanation
A Summarizing Summarizing helps ensure that both the nurse and client have a shared understanding of key points discussed. It reinforces major themes, clarifies misunderstandings, and promotes a sense of partnership in care. This technique supports reflection and demonstrates that the nurse has been actively engaged throughout the conversation. B Asking relevant questions Asking relevant questions allows the nurse to gather accurate information while encouraging the client to express their needs and concerns. It demonstrates interest, facilitates assessment, and helps guide the conversation to support individualized and effective client care. C Paraphrasing Paraphrasing involves restating the client’s message in the nurse’s own words, confirming understanding and showing empathy. This technique validates the client’s feelings, clarifies meaning, and encourages further communication by demonstrating active engagement. D Active listening Active listening involves giving full attention to the client’s verbal and non verbal communication. By making eye contact, nodding, and responding appropriately, the nurse promotes trust, encourages emotional expression, and creates a supportive therapeutic environment.
2. During a routine check-up, a nurse asks a 3-year-old toddler to draw a circle. Which aspect of the child's fine motor development is the nurse evaluating?
- The child's understanding of shapes
- The child's hand-eye coordination and control
- The child's ability to follow instructions
- The child's verbal communication skills
Explanation
Asking a 3-year-old to draw a circle assesses fine motor development, specifically hand-eye coordination and muscle control. This task evaluates how well the child uses small muscles in the hands and fingers to perform precise movements. At this developmental stage, drawing shapes reflects growing dexterity, spatial awareness, and readiness for future skills like writing and self-care activities such as buttoning or feeding independently.
3.
A nurse is establishing a therapeutic relationship with a newly admitted client. Which action should the nurse take to demonstrate appropriate use of therapeutic boundaries?
- Prioritize the client’s needs over the nurse’s own
- Share personal beliefs to guide the client’s choices
- Accept gifts of significant value from the client
- Give advice to help the client make decisions
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
A. Prioritize the client’s needs over the nurse’s ownExplanation
Therapeutic boundaries are professional limits that ensure the nurse–client relationship remains focused on the client’s well-being. Prioritizing the client’s needs over the nurse’s personal needs demonstrates professionalism, respect, and ethical practice. This approach supports trust, safety, and client-centered care. Sharing personal beliefs, accepting valuable gifts, or giving direct advice can blur professional boundaries, create dependency, or shift focus away from the client’s autonomy and therapeutic goals.
4. A nurse is teaching parents about automobile safety for their infant. Which statement by the parents indicates correct understanding?
- "We will place our infant in a rear-facing car seat until age 2."
- "We will place our infant in a rear-facing car seat in the front seat."
- "We will place our infant in a booster seat in the back seat."
- "We will place our infant in a forward-facing car seat in the back seat."
Explanation
Infants should ride in a rear-facing car seat until at least age 2 or until they exceed the height or weight limits specified by the manufacturer. Rear-facing seats provide optimal protection for the head, neck, and spine in the event of a collision. This position distributes crash forces across the strongest parts of the infant’s body and is the safest option during early development.
5. A nurse observes a client's nonverbal behavior. Which does the nurse understand about assessing nonverbal behavior?
- Nonverbal communication can be interpreted as meaningful only when it matches verbal communication.
- Nonverbal communication should be ignored due to conflicting messages of one's intention.
- Nonverbal communication is unconscious and more accurately indicates one's intended meaning.
- Nonverbal communication indicates the opposite of what an individual is truly feeling at the moment.
Explanation
Nonverbal communication, such as facial expressions, gestures, and tone of voice, often conveys a person’s true feelings more accurately than spoken words. It is largely unconscious, meaning individuals may not control or even be aware of the messages they’re sending. For this reason, nurses must observe both verbal and nonverbal cues to fully understand the client’s emotional state and promote effective therapeutic communication.
6. A 70-year-old client expresses regret about not spending more time with family and feels life has little meaning. Based on Erikson's theory, which nursing action is most appropriate?
- Encourage the client to focus on current hobbies.
- Facilitate a life review and reminiscence therapy.
- Suggest client avoid thinking about the past.
- Recommend setting new long-term goals.
Explanation
In Erikson’s stage of Integrity vs. Despair, older adults reflect on their lives to determine whether they feel fulfillment or regret. Facilitating a life review and reminiscence therapy allows the client to find meaning, reconcile unresolved emotions, and foster acceptance and integrity. This promotes psychological well-being and reduces despair as they evaluate their life experiences.
7. A nurse is educating a group of nursing students about Erikson's psychosocial theory. Which statement(s) by a student indicate effective learning has occurred? Select all that apply.
- A "Erikson believed that personality is fixed by age five."
- B "Each stage must be completed before physical growth can occur."
- C "The stages are based solely on biological maturation."
- D "Social and cultural influences shape each developmental stage."
- E "Successful resolution of one stage supports progress to the next."
Explanation
D. Social and cultural influences shape each developmental stage Erikson emphasized that psychosocial development is influenced by environmental, cultural, and social factors. Unlike Freud, who focused heavily on psychosexual stages and internal drives, Erikson valued the role of societal and relational experiences in shaping personality development across the life span. E. Successful resolution of one stage supports progress to the next Erikson’s model asserts that each stage presents a crisis or conflict that must be successfully resolved to develop a healthy personality and strong psychosocial skills. Successful resolution increases the likelihood of progressing effectively through later stages and developing necessary adaptive strengths.
8. What does the "S" in the SURETY model stand for in therapeutic communication?
- Speak softly to the client
- Sit at an angle facing the client
- Stand close to the client
- Smile genuinely at the client
Explanation
In the SURETY model of therapeutic communication, the “S” stands for Sit at an angle facing the client. This posture conveys openness and attentiveness without appearing confrontational. Sitting at an angle fosters comfort, encourages dialogue, and demonstrates the nurse’s active engagement in the interaction, helping build trust and rapport with the client.
9. A nurse is planning health promotion education for a group of adolescent clients. Which information should the nurse plan to include?
- It is normal to have a significant fear of gaining weight.
- Iron intake should be decreased starting in adolescence.
- The recommendation is to sleep at least 8–10 hours per night.
- The pneumococcal meningitis vaccine is not safe during adolescence.
Explanation
Adolescents experience rapid physical growth, hormonal changes, and increased cognitive demands, making 8–10 hours of sleep per night essential for health and development. Adequate sleep supports mood stability, academic performance, immune function, and growth hormone regulation. Sleep deprivation in adolescence increases risks for obesity, depression, poor concentration, and accidents. Teaching healthy sleep habits helps adolescents balance academic, social, and extracurricular responsibilities while maintaining wellness.
10. Which strategy(ies) should the nurse use when communicating with a client who has dysarthria? Select all that apply.
- Listen attentively, be patient, and do not interrupt.
- Ask simple yes or no questions.
- Assure the client that you comprehend their concerns.
- Allow time for understanding and response.
- Use communication aids, such as letter boards or flashcards.
Explanation
A. Listen attentively, be patient, and do not interrupt: Clients with dysarthria often have slurred or slow speech due to motor impairment, not cognitive difficulty. Active listening and patience help preserve dignity and encourage expression without frustration, promoting a supportive communication environment. B. Ask simple yes or no questions: Simplifying questions minimizes speech effort and enhances clarity in communication. Yes/no questions allow clients to respond quickly through nodding or simple verbalizations, reducing fatigue and ensuring understanding even when speech articulation is impaired. D. Allow time for understanding and response: People with dysarthria may take longer to form words or coordinate speech muscles. Allowing extra time reduces anxiety and ensures accurate expression, helping nurses gather more reliable information for care planning. E. Use communication aids, such as letter boards or flashcards: Visual or alternative aids provide an effective communication bridge, allowing clients to point to words, letters, or symbols to express needs. These tools enhance understanding, prevent misinterpretation, and foster independence in communication.
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