NR 222 – Exam 3 (Week 8)
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Free NR 222 – Exam 3 (Week 8) Questions
1. The nurse is caring for a young adult male client who is a professional cyclist, traveling globally and competing in a demanding schedule of races. Which self-screening will the nurse recommend to the client?
- A. Testicular self-examination for lumps and irregularities.
- B. Oral self-examination for tooth decay.
- C. Skin self-examination for malnutrition and dehydration.
- D. Prostate self-examination for urinary tract health.
Explanation
The nurse should recommend a testicular self-examination (TSE) because testicular cancer most commonly affects men between the ages of 15 and 35, which includes young adults like this client. Early detection is crucial, as testicular cancer has a high cure rate when treated promptly. The client should perform TSE monthly, ideally after a warm shower when the scrotal skin is relaxed, checking for lumps, swelling, or changes in consistency. Given his athletic lifestyle and frequent travel, self-awareness is key to maintaining preventive health.
2. Which stage of Piaget's cognitive development theory is characterized by the development of object permanence?
- A. Concrete operational stage
- B. Preoperational stage
- C. Formal operational stage
- D. Sensorimotor stage
Explanation
During the sensorimotor stage (birth to about age 2), infants learn through direct interaction with their environment using senses and motor actions. The key milestone is object permanence—understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight. This ability marks the beginning of mental representation, showing that infants can form internal images of objects and events beyond immediate perception.
3. A nurse is providing health promotion information to the parents of a toddler. Which topic should the nurse include?
- A Teaching early reading skills
- B Preventing injury through supervision
- C Encouraging the toddler to share
- D Establishing a regular bedtime routine
Explanation
B. Preventing injury through supervision Toddlers are highly curious, mobile, and lack full awareness of danger. Injury prevention through vigilant supervision is one of the highest health-promotion priorities in this age group. Parents should be educated on home safety, safe play environments, and close monitoring, as unintentional injury is the leading cause of harm in toddlers.
4. A nurse is assessing an adolescent client who appears anxious and reluctant to share information. Which approach should the nurse use to facilitate communication?
- A. "Don't worry. Everything you say here is confidential."
- B. "There is no reason you need to feel anxious around me."
- C. "You seem anxious. Are you having trouble at school?"
- D. "Tell me more about what has been bothering you lately."
Explanation
The statement “Tell me more about what has been bothering you lately” is an example of a therapeutic communication technique that uses an open-ended question. This approach invites the adolescent to express their thoughts and feelings freely, fostering trust and encouraging honest dialogue. Adolescents often need space and nonjudgmental support to open up about sensitive issues such as peer pressure, self-image, or family stress. The nurse’s calm, empathetic tone and active listening are essential to build rapport.
5. A nurse is assessing an adolescent client for potential risk factors of injury. Which finding should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Sleep disturbances with loss of appetite
- B. Increased loneliness and sadness
- C. Risk-taking behaviors while driving
- D. Curiosity about sexual activities
Explanation
Risk-taking behaviors while driving, such as speeding, texting, or driving under the influence, pose an immediate threat to life and are the leading cause of death among adolescents. These actions require prompt intervention through education, counseling, and safety planning. While emotional and developmental factors like loneliness or curiosity are important, preventing injury and fatal outcomes from reckless driving takes priority in adolescent health assessment and nursing care.
6. Which is an essential component of establishing a therapeutic relationship with a client?
- A. Offer the client advice and solutions.
- B. Maintain a professional distance.
- C. Encourage dependency on the nurse.
- D. Demonstrate active listening and empathy.
Explanation
Establishing a therapeutic relationship requires active listening and empathy, which help build trust, respect, and open communication. Active listening ensures the nurse fully understands the client’s feelings and concerns, while empathy allows the nurse to convey genuine understanding and compassion. These skills promote emotional safety and help clients feel valued, fostering collaboration and participation in their care plan.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving hospice care and refusing pain medication. Which response by the nurse is therapeutic?
- A. "You need to take the pain medication because you are in hospice."
- B. "Would you rather not receive any care or treatment?"
- C. "Tell me more about why you do not want pain medication?"
- D. "Maybe you should not be in hospice if you do not have any pain."
Explanation
This response uses therapeutic communication by inviting the client to share their thoughts, feelings, and concerns. Asking the client to explain their perspective respects autonomy, supports emotional expression, and helps the nurse understand the client’s beliefs or fears regarding pain medication. In hospice care, the goal is comfort, but decisions must always align with the client’s wishes and values. Open dialogue allows the nurse to explore alternatives and ensure informed, patient-centered care.
8. A nurse recommends the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to an adolescent. What is the primary reason?
- A. To boost immunity against all viruses
- B. To protect against cervical cancer
- C. To reduce the risk for genital herpes
- D. To treat an existing HPV infection
Explanation
The HPV vaccine is primarily recommended to protect against cervical cancer, which is most often caused by persistent infection with high-risk HPV strains such as types 16 and 18. Administering the vaccine during adolescence—before exposure through sexual activity—provides optimal immunity. It also helps prevent other HPV-related cancers, including vulvar, vaginal, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers, by preventing initial infection with oncogenic HPV types.
9. An older adult client with age-related hearing loss says, "I feel embarrassed asking people to repeat themselves." What is the nurse's best response?
- A. "That's very common. You'll get used to it."
- B. "Tell me how this is affecting your confidence."
- C. "You should consider getting hearing aids."
- D. "Try sitting closer to people when they speak."
Explanation
This therapeutic response encourages the client to express feelings and explore the emotional impact of hearing loss. By inviting further discussion, the nurse demonstrates empathy and active listening, helping the client maintain dignity and self-esteem. This approach supports psychosocial adaptation and builds trust, which are essential for effective communication and individualized care planning.
10. During a routine check-up, a nurse asks a 3-year-old toddler to draw a circle. Which aspect of the child's fine motor development is the nurse evaluating?
- A. The child's understanding of shapes
- B. The child's hand-eye coordination and control
- C. The child's ability to follow instructions
- D. The child's verbal communication skills
Explanation
Asking a 3-year-old to draw a circle assesses fine motor development, specifically hand-eye coordination and muscle control. This task evaluates how well the child uses small muscles in the hands and fingers to perform precise movements. At this developmental stage, drawing shapes reflects growing dexterity, spatial awareness, and readiness for future skills like writing and self-care activities such as buttoning or feeding independently.
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