D440 Health and Wellness Through Nutritional Science
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Free D440 Health and Wellness Through Nutritional Science Questions
A school nurse evaluates the understanding of a high school health class about exercise recommendations for a healthy lifestyle.
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"I get enough exercise if I run for 30 minutes, 3 days a week."
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"My weekly lawn mowing counts toward my exercise total."
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"My lifeguard job at the pool provides the activity that I need."
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"I should exercise for at least 150 minutes each week."
Explanation
Current exercise guidelines recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week for adolescents and adults to maintain health. Exercising for only 30 minutes, 3 days a week totals 90 minutes, which is below the recommended threshold. This statement indicates a misunderstanding of the weekly exercise requirements and highlights the need for further instruction. Activities like lawn mowing or physically active jobs may count toward total activity if they reach moderate intensity, and aiming for 150 minutes per week aligns with national recommendations.
Which action is most appropriate for a patient trying to reduce sodium intake?
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Choose fresh or frozen vegetables instead of canned
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Use pre-packaged processed meals
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Add soy sauce to enhance flavor
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Drink soda instead of water
Explanation
Fresh or frozen vegetables typically contain little to no added sodium, making them appropriate for reducing sodium intake. Canned or processed foods often have high sodium content, and using condiments like soy sauce increases sodium intake. Replacing water with soda does not impact sodium intake meaningfully and introduces added sugar.
Which statement is appropriate about adequate intake (AI) for infants?
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Human milk does not supply the adequate intake of nutrients for term infants
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Adequate intakes of protein have not been established for infants 7 through 12 months of age
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Infant formula always requires additional sources of nutrient intake
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Adequate intakes for all nutrients have not been established for infants younger than 7 months
Explanation
Adequate Intake (AI) is used when there is insufficient evidence to establish a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). For infants, particularly those younger than 7 months, AI values have been established based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by healthy infants. This reflects the recognition that not all nutrient requirements for this age group are fully known, making the statement about infants younger than 7 months the most accurate regarding AI.
What is the smallest percentage of weight loss that has consistently shown to improve health and prevent weight-related health problems?
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10%
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15%
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25%
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30%
Explanation
Which dietary recommendation supports strong bones in adults?
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Consuming adequate calcium and vitamin D
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Avoiding all fats in the diet
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Eliminating dairy products completely
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Drinking primarily sugary beverages
Explanation
Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake is critical for bone mineralization and maintaining bone strength. Eliminating fats, dairy, or consuming mostly sugary beverages can negatively affect bone health and overall nutrition.
Which vitamin is primarily obtained from sunlight and supports bone health?
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Vitamin D
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Vitamin A
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Vitamin C
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Vitamin B12
Explanation
Which lifestyle factor is most strongly associated with reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes?
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Regular physical activity
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Consuming refined sugars
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Sleeping less than 5 hours per night
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High intake of processed snacks
Explanation
Which type of fat is considered heart-healthy and can help reduce LDL cholesterol?
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Monounsaturated fats
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Trans fats
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Saturated fats
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Hydrogenated fats
Explanation
When discussing a diet for weight loss, a patient asks if a snack with 240 calories, 120 calories from fat, is appropriate.
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A snack with 240 calories is an appropriate choice
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This snack would be considered too high in calories
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This snack would be considered too high in fat
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It depends on the amount of other nutrients in the snack
Explanation
When evaluating snacks for weight loss, both total calories and the proportion of calories from fat are important. In this case, 120 of 240 calories come from fat, meaning 50% of the snack’s calories are from fat, which is considered high since dietary guidelines recommend that fat provide no more than 20–35% of total daily calories. Therefore, the snack is not appropriate due to its high fat content, even if the total calories are moderate. The nurse should emphasize choosing snacks lower in fat to support weight loss goals.
What is the first resource to consult when looking for sound information about dietary supplements?
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Your healthcare provider
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The supplement manufacturer
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Internet community forums
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The World Health Organization website
Explanation
When seeking reliable information about dietary supplements, the first and most trustworthy resource is a healthcare provider. They can provide evidence-based guidance, consider individual health conditions, medication interactions, and nutritional needs. While manufacturers, online forums, or global organizations may offer general information, they may not account for personal health factors or the quality and safety of specific products.
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