PSYC C1000 Intro to Psychology
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Free PSYC C1000 Intro to Psychology Questions
A neuron at resting state is ______.
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Depolarized
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Polarized
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Is undergoing action potential
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) Polarized
When a neuron is at rest, it is said to be polarized, meaning there is a difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of the neuron. At this stage, the inside of the neuron carries a negative charge relative to the outside, typically around −70 millivolts. This electrical difference is known as the resting membrane potential and is maintained by the movement of ions such as sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺) across the cell membrane.
A neuron remains in this polarized state until it receives a strong enough stimulus to trigger an action potential. During an action potential, the neuron becomes depolarized as sodium ions rapidly enter the cell, allowing the electrical signal to travel along the neuron. However, when no signal is being transmitted, the neuron remains polarized, ready to respond to the next stimulus.
Mauricio, a 30-year-old LACC student, recently received a failing grade on an important exam. To cope with the disappointment, Mauricio began spending more time playing video games, a favorite childhood pastime; throwing tantrums at home; and pouting around the house.
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Regression
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Displacement
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Repression
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) Regression
Regression is a defense mechanism in which an individual responds to stress or anxiety by reverting to behaviors that are characteristic of an earlier stage of development. When people feel overwhelmed or emotionally distressed, they may unconsciously return to behaviors that were comforting or familiar during childhood. These behaviors can include activities, emotional reactions, or coping patterns that are typically associated with a younger developmental stage.
In this scenario, Mauricio responds to the disappointment of failing an exam by engaging in behaviors that resemble those of a child, such as playing video games as a childhood pastime, throwing tantrums, and pouting. Instead of addressing the situation in a mature way, he retreats to earlier, less mature behaviors as a way to cope with emotional stress. This pattern clearly illustrates the defense mechanism known as regression.
Mauricio, a 30-year-old LACC student, recently received a failing grade on an important exam. To cope with the disappointment, Mauricio began spending more time playing video games, a favorite childhood pastime; throwing tantrums at home; and pouting around the house.
Based on the information presented above, which of the following defense mechanisms is illustrated by Mauricio?
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Regression
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Displacement
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Repression
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) Regression
Regression is a defense mechanism in which an individual responds to stress or anxiety by reverting to behaviors that are characteristic of an earlier stage of development. When people feel overwhelmed or emotionally distressed, they may unconsciously return to behaviors that were comforting or familiar during childhood. These behaviors can include activities, emotional reactions, or coping patterns that are typically associated with a younger developmental stage.
In this scenario, Mauricio responds to the disappointment of failing an exam by engaging in behaviors that resemble those of a child, such as playing video games as a childhood pastime, throwing tantrums, and pouting. Instead of addressing the situation in a mature way, he retreats to earlier, less mature behaviors as a way to cope with emotional stress. This pattern clearly illustrates the defense mechanism known as regression.
A single, middle-aged man is grappling with a midlife crisis. He deals with the issue by buying a Porsche and only dating women under the age of 25. According to Erikson, this man's developmental task is ______.
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Intimacy vs. isolation
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Generativity vs. stagnation
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Identity vs. role confusion
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) Generativity vs. stagnation
According to Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, middle adulthood is characterized by the stage called generativity vs. stagnation. During this stage, individuals focus on contributing to society, guiding the next generation, and creating a sense of productivity and purpose. People who successfully navigate this stage often feel fulfilled by mentoring others, raising families, or making meaningful contributions through work and community involvement.
When individuals struggle with this stage, they may experience stagnation, which can manifest as self-centered behavior, lack of purpose, or attempts to regain youth or excitement. In this scenario, the man’s behavior—buying an expensive sports car and seeking relationships with much younger partners—reflects attempts to cope with feelings associated with a midlife crisis. These behaviors indicate difficulty navigating the developmental challenge of generativity versus stagnation.
You are out with your friend, and they dropped a $20 bill. You pick it up, and you wish to keep it. However, a voice inside your head tells you that it is wrong to keep the money and that you should return the bill immediately. According to Freud, this voice is __________.
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The ego
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The id
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The superego
Explanation
Correct Answer: C) The superego
The superego represents the moral and ethical component of personality in Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. It develops as individuals internalize the moral standards, rules, and values taught by parents and society. The superego acts as an internal judge that evaluates thoughts and actions, encouraging behavior that is socially acceptable and discouraging actions that are considered wrong or unethical.
In this situation, the voice telling you that keeping the money is wrong reflects the influence of the superego. It pushes the individual to follow moral principles and behave responsibly, even when another part of the personality—such as the id—might desire immediate gratification. The superego therefore helps guide behavior according to conscience and ideals rather than pure self-interest.
In English class, you and your classmates are discussing the protagonist of the book you are reading. Your classmate says that the protagonist’s personality can be traced to their environment. Such that, the protagonist's personality is ever-changing, and the positive and negative consequences of their actions are responsible for changing one's personality. Your classmate most likely believes in the __________.
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Evolutionary perspective of personality
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Humanistic perspective of personality
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Behavioral perspective of personality
Explanation
Correct Answer: C) Behavioral perspective of personality
The behavioral perspective of personality emphasizes the role of the environment and learning experiences in shaping behavior and personality. According to this perspective, personality develops through interactions with the environment and is influenced by reinforcement, punishment, and conditioning. Behaviors that are rewarded tend to be repeated, while behaviors that are punished are less likely to occur again. Over time, these patterns of reinforcement and consequences shape an individual's personality traits and behavior patterns.
In this scenario, the classmate believes that the protagonist’s personality is influenced by environmental factors and by the consequences of their actions. This idea directly reflects behavioral theory, which proposes that personality is not fixed but can change based on learning experiences and environmental feedback. Therefore, the behavioral perspective best explains the classmate’s viewpoint.
If we are to explain Dillon's behavior, according to the Frustration-Aggression Theory, which of the following statements is correct?
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Dillon's aggressive behavior was motivated by winning the important game
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Dillon's aggressive behavior was motivated by feelings of anger with the intent to cause pain
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Dillon's aggressive behavior was motivated by this inherent drive to dominate other young males
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) Dillon's aggressive behavior was motivated by feelings of anger with the intent to cause pain
The frustration–aggression theory suggests that aggression occurs when individuals experience frustration, especially when their goals are blocked or threatened. This frustration often leads to feelings of anger, which can then trigger aggressive behavior directed toward another person. The theory proposes that aggression is an emotional response resulting from the inability to achieve a desired goal.
In Dillon’s case, the intense competition and pressure of the game may create frustration or anger related to the possibility of losing or being outperformed. According to the theory, this emotional frustration can lead to aggressive actions meant to harm or hinder the opponent. The deliberate foul represents aggression driven by anger and frustration rather than simply the goal of winning or a biological drive to dominate.
This is an example of which sampling strategy?
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Snowball sampling
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Convenience sampling
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Random sampling
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) Convenience sampling
Convenience sampling is a method in which participants are selected based on how easy they are to reach or recruit. In this scenario, the researcher is asking friends, family members, and classmates to participate because they are readily available and willing to take part in the study. This approach is common in many small-scale or early-stage research projects because it is quick, simple, and inexpensive to carry out.
However, convenience sampling has limitations because the sample may not represent the larger population accurately. Since participants are chosen based on accessibility rather than through a random selection process, the results may reflect the characteristics of that specific group rather than the broader population. As a result, findings from convenience samples are often harder to generalize to all individuals.
Imagine that the Asch Line Study was redone. Everything remained the same, except there were 2 other confederates this time. What might we expect to happen to levels of conformity?
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Conformity will decrease
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Levels of conformity will stay the same
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Conformity will increase
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) Conformity will decrease
Solomon Asch’s classic line study demonstrated that people often conform to a group’s incorrect answer due to social pressure. One important finding from this research is that conformity increases when the majority group is larger, but only up to a certain point. When the number of confederates is reduced, the pressure to conform also becomes weaker.
If the experiment were repeated with only two confederates instead of a larger group, participants would likely feel less social pressure to agree with the incorrect answers. As a result, fewer participants would conform to the group’s responses, leading to lower overall levels of conformity compared with the original experiment.
According to Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development, which of the following scenarios best demonstrates conservation?
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Fatim understands that pouring water from a tall, skinny glass into a wide, deep bowl does not change the volume of water
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Oliver is at a family party. His uncle plays a magic trick on him, but he knows magic is not real and tries not to be surprised when his uncle pulls a coin out of his ear
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Yerik and his brother are fighting over the last cookie. His grandma breaks the cookie in half. The brothers are satisfied because they believe they received their own whole cookie
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) Fatim understands that pouring water from a tall, skinny glass into a wide, deep bowl does not change the volume of water
Conservation is a concept in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development that refers to the understanding that certain properties of objects—such as volume, mass, or number—remain the same even when their appearance changes.
This ability typically develops during the concrete operational stage, which occurs around ages 7 to 11. Before reaching this stage, children often believe that changing the shape or container of something also changes the amount.
In this example, Fatim understands that pouring water into a different shaped container does not change the total amount of water. This demonstrates the ability to mentally reason that the quantity remains constant despite visual differences. This understanding reflects the cognitive skill of conservation, which is an important milestone in children's logical thinking development.
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