NR 222 Health and Wellness- EXAM 2_w5 at Chamberlain University
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Free NR 222 Health and Wellness- EXAM 2_w5 at Chamberlain University Questions
A nurse is assessing the health disparities among population groups. Which individual(s) should the nurse recognize as at risk for health care disparities? (Select all that apply.)
- A A 37-year-old client with schizophrenia who struggles to maintain employment
- B A 48-year-old homeless veteran with diabetes mellitus
- C A 42-year-old recently arrived refugee with a language barrier
- D A 76-year-old client with multiple chronic diseases who lives on limited income
- E A 25-year-old college student with a urinary tract infection
Explanation
A. A 37-year-old client with schizophrenia who struggles to maintain employment
Mental illness combined with unstable employment places this individual at significant risk for reduced access to care, inconsistent insurance coverage, and difficulty navigating the healthcare system, all of which contribute to health disparities.
B. A 48-year-old homeless veteran with diabetes mellitus
Homelessness, chronic illness, and veteran status represent overlapping vulnerability factors. Lack of stable housing and difficulty accessing consistent medical care significantly increase the risk for unmanaged disease, complications, and poor outcomes.
C. A 42-year-old recently arrived refugee with a language barrier
Refugees frequently experience barriers such as limited English proficiency, cultural differences, trauma history, and unfamiliarity with the healthcare system, all of which heighten the potential for disparities in health access and quality.
D. A 76-year-old client with multiple chronic diseases who lives on limited income
Older adults with chronic conditions and financial limitations face challenges in medication affordability, transportation, access to specialists, and preventive care, putting them at substantial risk for healthcare disparities.
Correct Answer Is:
A A 37-year-old client with schizophrenia who struggles to maintain employmentB A 48-year-old homeless veteran with diabetes mellitus
C A 42-year-old recently arrived refugee with a language barrier
D A 76-year-old client with multiple chronic diseases who lives on limited income
Which of the following is a key component of the Nurse Practice Act (NPA)?
- A Oversees standards for medical equipment.
- B Determines regulatory requirements for hospital activities.
- C Collaborates with insurance companies for reimbursement.
- D Establishes guidelines for nursing education.
Explanation
A key component of the Nurse Practice Act is defining minimum standards for nursing education, including program requirements, competencies, and preparation for safe entry-level practice. The NPA also outlines the legal scope of practice and protects the public by ensuring nurses are trained and licensed appropriately. It does not regulate medical equipment, hospital operations, or insurance reimbursement, which fall outside its legal authority.
Correct Answer Is:
D. Establishes guidelines for nursing educationA nurse is assessing a client who believes that health is maintained through spiritual practices and rituals. How should the nurse proceed with the assessment?
- A Focus solely on the client's physical health and ignore spiritual practices.
- B Inform the client that spiritual practices have no impact on health.
- C Suggest that the client see a spiritual advisor instead of a healthcare provider.
- D Ask the client to describe their spiritual practices and how they relate to health.
Explanation
This approach demonstrates culturally sensitive and client-centered care. By inviting the client to share their beliefs and practices, the nurse gains valuable insight into how the client perceives health, healing, and illness. Understanding these spiritual beliefs helps the nurse develop a holistic care plan that respects the client’s values, enhances communication, and builds trust. This approach aligns with best practices in cultural assessment by acknowledging that spirituality can be an important determinant of health behaviors and decision-making.
Correct Answer Is:
D. Ask the client to describe their spiritual practices and how they relate to healthFor each definition, click to identify whether it defines advocacy, responsibility, accountability, or confidentiality. Which selections are correct? (Select all that apply.)
- Confidentiality: The nondisclosure of client secrets or information without client authorization
- Advocacy: The act or process of supporting a cause or proposal
- Accountability: To be answerable to oneself and others for one’s own choices, decisions, and actions
- Responsibility: An obligation to perform required professional activities at a level commensurate with one’s education and in compliance with applicable laws and standards
- Advocacy: To be answerable for one’s decisions and outcomes
Explanation
A. Confidentiality
Confidentiality refers to the legal and ethical obligation to protect a client’s private information and not disclose it without authorization. This ensures trust within the nurse–client relationship and protects the client’s autonomy and privacy.
B. Advocacy
Advocacy means supporting a client’s needs, rights, and preferences. This can include speaking on the client’s behalf, promoting their safety, or ensuring their wishes are respected in the healthcare setting. It is an essential role in protecting vulnerable and dependent patients.
C. Accountability
Accountability means the nurse is answerable for their own actions, decisions, and professional conduct. This includes accepting responsibility for outcomes, practicing within scope, and maintaining ethical and legal standards. It ensures safe, competent nursing care.
D. Responsibility
Responsibility involves carrying out professional duties competently and ethically, consistent with one’s education and legal scope of practice. It includes following policies, ensuring safe care, and meeting professional obligations required by law and regulatory bodies.
Correct Answer Is:
A. ConfidentialityB. Advocacy
C. Accountability
D. Responsibility
What is a common psychological effect of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)?
- A Improved social skills
- B Increased resiliency
- C Enhanced academic performance
- D Development of anxiety disorders
Explanation
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to long-term psychological consequences that can persist into adulthood. Exposure to trauma, instability, abuse, or neglect disrupts normal emotional development and increases stress responses. As a result, individuals with ACEs have a significantly higher risk of developing anxiety disorders, along with depression, PTSD, and behavioral challenges. ACEs negatively impact emotional regulation and coping abilities, making anxiety one of the most common psychological outcomes.
Correct Answer Is:
D. Development of anxiety disordersA nurse manager is preparing a presentation on COVID-19 and the importance of evidence-based practice. Which action should the manager include to prevent the spread of misinformation about COVID-19?
- A Share personal opinions about treatment options on social media.
- B Provide information that aligns with governmental policies.
- C Recommend unverified treatments based on personal experiences.
- D Avoid any discussions about COVID-19 to prevent controversy.
Explanation
To prevent misinformation, the nurse manager must rely on evidence-based, authoritative sources, including guidelines from organizations such as the CDC, WHO, and state health departments. Providing information that aligns with validated governmental policies ensures accuracy, consistency, and public trust. Personal opinions, unverified treatments, or avoiding discussion can lead to confusion, misinformation, and unsafe practices.
Correct Answer Is:
B. Provide information that aligns with governmental policies.What is the primary purpose of the teach-back method in client education?
- A Assess the client's ability to memorize provided information.
- B Provide additional information to the client.
- C Evaluate the client's physical health status.
- D Confirm client understanding of information taught by the nurse.
Explanation
The teach-back method ensures that the client accurately understands the instructions, concepts, or health information the nurse has provided. By asking the client to restate the information in their own words or demonstrate a skill, the nurse can verify comprehension and identify any gaps or misunderstandings. This promotes safer care, increases adherence to the plan of care, and improves health outcomes by ensuring clarity and retention of essential information.
Correct Answer Is:
D. Confirm client understanding of information taught by the nurseA nurse is evaluating strategies to improve their cultural competency. Which strategies are effective for caring for a diverse population? (Select all that apply.)
- A Recognize that clients from the same cultural background all have identical beliefs and practices.
- B Apply cultural skills to all clients, not just those from minority groups.
- C Seek mentorship from culturally competent colleagues.
- D Use written materials on cultural competence to reduce the need for interactive learning.
- E Learn basic Spanish to avoid using certified medical translation services.
Explanation
B. Apply cultural skills to all clients, not just those from minority groups.
Cultural competence must be applied universally because every client—regardless of background—has unique values, beliefs, and practices that influence their health behaviors. Making cultural care the standard for all clients prevents stereotyping and ensures equitable, individualized care. This approach strengthens communication, trust, and therapeutic relationships across the entire population served.
C. Seek mentorship from culturally competent colleagues.
Mentorship is an effective way to develop cultural competence because it allows the nurse to learn directly from individuals with experience in cross-cultural communication and holistic care. Working alongside culturally skilled colleagues enhances awareness, builds confidence, and refines practical strategies for interacting effectively with diverse populations. It supports lifelong learning and professional growth in cultural humility.
Correct Answer Is:
B Apply cultural skills to all clients, not just those from minority groups.C Seek mentorship from culturally competent colleagues.
A nurse is reviewing client assessment data to determine problems and issues related to fall risk. Which 2 assessment findings should the nurse identify as a potential fall risk? (Select two.)
- A Normal blood pressure
- B History of falls
- C Presence of family support
- D Wears slip-on, non-skid sneakers
- E Use of multiple medications
Explanation
B. History of falls
A previous fall is one of the strongest predictors of future falls. It indicates that the client may already have underlying balance issues, muscle weakness, sensory deficits, or environmental challenges that increase the likelihood of falling again. Identifying this risk allows the nurse to implement targeted fall-prevention interventions.
E. Use of multiple medications
Polypharmacy, particularly in older adults, increases fall risk due to potential side effects such as dizziness, hypotension, sedation, confusion, or impaired coordination. Medications like antihypertensives, diuretics, sedatives, and psychotropics significantly contribute to instability. Recognizing medication-related risks helps the nurse advocate for medication review and safety interventions.
Correct Answer Is:
B. History of fallsE. Use of multiple medications
A nurse is working with a client after heart surgery. The client has difficulty showering and the nurse readily assists the client. What ethical principle has the nurse illustrated in assisting the client?
- A Beneficence
- B Justice
- C Veracity
- D Non-maleficence
Explanation
Beneficence is the ethical principle that refers to doing good, promoting wellbeing, and acting in the best interest of the client. By assisting a postoperative client who cannot shower independently, the nurse is providing compassionate care that supports healing, dignity, and safety. This action demonstrates a commitment to helping the client meet basic needs and reducing discomfort during recovery. The nurse’s willingness to assist aligns directly with beneficence, which emphasizes kindness, support, and actively enhancing the client’s wellbeing.
Correct Answer Is:
A. BeneficenceHow to Order
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