ATI_RN Pediatric Nursing 2023
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Free ATI_RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Questions
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a 5-year-old child who has sickle cell anemia and was admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should schedule a follow-up appointment with your provider in 1 month.
- B. Your child will need weekly blood transfusions.
- C. You should administer aspirin daily to your child.
- D. Your child will need to receive hydroxyurea.
Explanation
Explanation
Hydroxyurea is commonly prescribed for children with sickle cell anemia to reduce the frequency and severity of vaso-occlusive crises. The medication works by increasing fetal hemoglobin levels, which decreases red blood cell sickling and improves blood flow. This reduces pain episodes, acute chest syndrome, and hospitalizations, making it an important long-term management therapy included in discharge teaching.Correct Answer Is:
D. Your child will need to receive hydroxyurea.Why the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is planning to admit a preschooler from a PACU following removal of a Wilms’ tumor. Which of the following children should the nurse identify as an appropriate roommate for the preschooler?
- A. A child who has a fractured left femur
- B. A child who has cellulitis of the right radius
- C. A child who has viral pneumonia
- D. A child who has impetigo
Explanation
A child recovering from Wilms’ tumor surgery is at increased risk for infection due to recent surgery and potential immunosuppression. The safest roommate is one who does not have an infectious condition. A fractured femur is a noninfectious orthopedic injury and does not pose a risk of disease transmission. Placing the preschooler with this child minimizes exposure to pathogens and supports postoperative safety and recovery.
Correct Answer Is:
A. A child who has a fractured left femurA nurse is caring for a 3-year-old toddler who has heart failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote rest for the toddler?
- A. Allow the toddler to visit the playroom 30 min prior to bedtime.
- B. Establish a daily schedule with the toddler and their family.
- C. Administer diuretics with the toddler’s lunch.
- D. Keep the television on in the toddler’s room.
Explanation
Children with heart failure fatigue easily due to decreased cardiac output and increased metabolic demands. Establishing a consistent daily schedule that balances activity, rest, meals, and medications helps conserve energy and prevents overstimulation. Predictable routines reduce stress and promote adequate rest periods throughout the day, which is essential for minimizing cardiac workload and supporting optimal growth, healing, and overall physiologic stability in a toddler with heart failure.
Correct Answer Is:
B. Establish a daily schedule with the toddler and their family.A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make?
- A. Follow up with physical therapy.
- B. Store opened vials of insulin for up to 60 days.
- C. Monitor capillary blood glucose daily.
- D. Consult with a nutritionist.
Explanation
Explanation
Nutritional management is a cornerstone of care for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Consulting with a nutritionist helps the adolescent and family learn carbohydrate counting, meal planning, portion control, and how food intake affects blood glucose levels. This individualized education supports effective insulin dosing, promotes glycemic control, reduces the risk of hypo- or hyperglycemia, and helps the adolescent maintain normal growth and development while managing a lifelong condition.Correct Answer Is:
D. Consult with a nutritionist.Why the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is providing teaching about participating in sports to a 12-year-old child who has hemophilia. Which of the following sports should the nurse recommend?
- A. Soccer
- B. Gymnastics
- C. Basketball
- D. Bowling
Explanation
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that places children at high risk for prolonged bleeding and internal hemorrhage, especially after trauma or injury. The nurse should recommend low-impact, noncontact sports that minimize the risk of falls, collisions, or joint injury. Bowling is a low-risk activity that does not involve physical contact or rapid movements, making it a safe and appropriate choice for a child with hemophilia while still allowing participation in physical and social activities.
Correct Answer Is:
D. BowlingA nurse is teaching a group of parents about body image during adolescence. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Adolescents tend to compare their sexual development to their peers.
- B. Adolescents typically begin to identify differences in skin color.
- C. Adolescents frequently express concerns about body image to their family.
- D. Adolescents consider their extremities the most important part of their body.
Explanation
During adolescence, rapid physical and sexual changes make body image a central developmental concern. Adolescents commonly compare their height, weight, body shape, and stage of sexual maturation with those of their peers to determine whether they are developing “normally.” These comparisons strongly influence self-esteem and confidence and can contribute to anxiety or dissatisfaction, especially if adolescents perceive themselves as developing earlier or later than others.
Correct Answer Is:
A. Adolescents tend to compare their sexual development to their peers.A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving prednisolone. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
- A. Decreased bone density
- B. Decreased intraocular pressure
- C. Weight loss
- D. Hypoglycemia
Explanation
Prednisolone is a corticosteroid, and long-term or repeated use in children can interfere with bone growth and calcium metabolism. Corticosteroids decrease bone formation and increase bone resorption, placing pediatric clients at risk for decreased bone density and fractures. Because children are still growing, monitoring for bone-related adverse effects is especially important to prevent long-term skeletal complications.
Correct Answer Is:
A. Decreased bone densityA nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child who has a new onset of generalized seizures. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Restrain the child’s arms during a seizure.
- B. Elevate the head of the bed to 30° during a seizure.
- C. Administer oral valproic acid during a seizure.
- D. Loosen restrictive clothing during a seizure.
Explanation
Explanation
During a seizure, the priority nursing intervention is to maintain airway patency and promote safety without interfering with the seizure activity. Loosening restrictive clothing, especially around the neck and chest, helps reduce the risk of impaired breathing and allows for adequate chest expansion. This intervention minimizes the risk of hypoxia while avoiding actions that could cause injury or aspiration during the seizure.Correct Answer Is:
D. Loosen restrictive clothing during a seizure.Why the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is teaching a parent of a 10-month-old infant about home safety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Remove labels from containers that contain toxic substances.
- B. Keep toilet lids in the upright position.
- C. Place gates at the top and bottom of the stairs.
- D. Ensure the crib mattress is in the lowest position.
- E. Select a toy chest that has a heavy, hinged lid.
Explanation
Explanation
C. Place gates at the top and bottom of the stairs.At 10 months of age, infants are highly mobile and often crawl, pull to stand, or cruise along furniture. They do not have the coordination or judgment to safely navigate stairs. Installing safety gates at both the top and bottom of stairways significantly reduces the risk of falls, which are a leading cause of serious injury in infants.
D. Ensure the crib mattress is in the lowest position.
As infants grow, they gain the ability to pull themselves into a standing position. Keeping the crib mattress at the lowest level prevents the infant from climbing or falling out of the crib. This intervention reduces the risk of head injury and other fall-related trauma and is an essential safety measure for this developmental stage.
Correct Answer Is:
C. Place gates at the top and bottom of the stairs.D. Ensure the crib mattress is in the lowest position.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who was admitted to the emergency department with a minor head injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Retinal hemorrhages
- B. Fixed and dilated pupils
- C. Fever
- D. Vomiting
Explanation
Explanation
Vomiting is a common and expected finding following a minor head injury, such as a concussion. It occurs due to transient disruption of normal brain function and increased stimulation of the vomiting center in the brain. One or two episodes of vomiting can be seen without indicating severe intracranial injury. However, repeated or worsening vomiting would require further evaluation for increased intracranial pressure or more serious trauma.Correct Answer Is:
D. VomitingWhy the other options are incorrect:
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