ATI_RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 at at Baton Rouge Community College
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Free ATI_RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 at at Baton Rouge Community College Questions
A nurse is performing a dressing change for a child and notices that the gauze dressing is adhering to the wound bed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
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Apply firm pressure to the wound base while removing the gauze dressing.
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Irrigate the wound with half-strength hydrogen peroxide while removing the gauze dressing.
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Saturate the gauze dressing with sterile saline solution prior to removing it.
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Continue to remove the gauze dressing by pulling it parallel to the skin.
Explanation
Explanation
When a gauze dressing adheres to the wound bed, forcibly removing it can disrupt granulation tissue, increase pain, and cause bleeding. Saturating the dressing with sterile saline loosens dried exudate and allows the gauze to separate gently from the wound surface. This protects newly forming tissue, minimizes trauma and discomfort, and promotes proper wound healing, making it the safest and most appropriate nursing intervention.Correct Answer Is:
C. Saturate the gauze dressing with sterile saline solution prior to removing it.Why the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is caring for a child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the child can be removed from droplet precautions?
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Antibiotics initiated 24 hr ago
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Negative cerebrospinal fluid culture
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Temperature below 37.4° C (99.3° F)
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Absent nuchal rigidity
Explanation
Explanation
Children with bacterial meningitis require droplet precautions to prevent transmission of infectious organisms, particularly during the early phase of illness. According to infection-control guidelines, droplet precautions may be discontinued after the child has received effective antibiotic therapy for at least 24 hours, as this significantly reduces the risk of transmission. Clinical improvement or laboratory results are not required before removing precautions; timing of appropriate antibiotic treatment is the key determinant.Correct Answer Is:
A. Antibiotics initiated 24 hr agoWhy the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a 5-year-old child who has sickle cell anemia and was admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
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You should schedule a follow-up appointment with your provider in 1 month.
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Your child will need weekly blood transfusions.
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You should administer aspirin daily to your child.
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Your child will need to receive hydroxyurea.
Explanation
Explanation
Hydroxyurea is commonly prescribed for children with sickle cell anemia to reduce the frequency and severity of vaso-occlusive crises. The medication works by increasing fetal hemoglobin levels, which decreases red blood cell sickling and improves blood flow. This reduces pain episodes, acute chest syndrome, and hospitalizations, making it an important long-term management therapy included in discharge teaching.Correct Answer Is:
D. Your child will need to receive hydroxyurea.Why the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?
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No report of pain with voiding
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Urine output 256 mL over 8 hr
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Odorless urine
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Temperature 37.2° C (99° F)
Explanation
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by fluid retention and edema due to protein loss in the urine. Effective treatment results in mobilization of excess fluid and improved renal perfusion, which is reflected by increased urine output. A urine output of 256 mL over 8 hours in a 5-year-old child represents adequate diuresis and indicates that edema is resolving and the treatment is improving kidney function and fluid balance.
Correct Answer Is:
B. Urine output 256 mL over 8 hrA nurse is teaching a parent of a 10-month-old infant about home safety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
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Remove labels from containers that contain toxic substances.
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Keep toilet lids in the upright position.
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Place gates at the top and bottom of the stairs.
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Ensure the crib mattress is in the lowest position.
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Select a toy chest that has a heavy, hinged lid.
Explanation
Explanation
C. Place gates at the top and bottom of the stairs.At 10 months of age, infants are highly mobile and often crawl, pull to stand, or cruise along furniture. They do not have the coordination or judgment to safely navigate stairs. Installing safety gates at both the top and bottom of stairways significantly reduces the risk of falls, which are a leading cause of serious injury in infants.
D. Ensure the crib mattress is in the lowest position.
As infants grow, they gain the ability to pull themselves into a standing position. Keeping the crib mattress at the lowest level prevents the infant from climbing or falling out of the crib. This intervention reduces the risk of head injury and other fall-related trauma and is an essential safety measure for this developmental stage.
Correct Answer Is:
C. Place gates at the top and bottom of the stairs.D. Ensure the crib mattress is in the lowest position.
A nurse is performing a home health visit for a pediatric client who has had a recent onset of headaches. The nurse notices the home is poorly ventilated, and there is no placement of carbon monoxide detectors. Which of the following appliances should the nurse identify as a potential source of carbon monoxide?
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Kerosene heater
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Electric stove
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Refrigerator
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Washing machine
Explanation
Explanation
Kerosene heaters are combustion-based appliances that burn fuel to produce heat. When used in poorly ventilated areas, they can release carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas that interferes with oxygen delivery in the body. Children are especially vulnerable to carbon monoxide exposure, which commonly presents with headaches, dizziness, nausea, and lethargy. Identifying and addressing this source is critical to preventing carbon monoxide poisoning.Correct Answer Is:
A. Kerosene heaterWhy the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is assessing a toddler during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of nephrotic syndrome?
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Increased abdominal girth
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Constipation
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Irritability
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Increased urinary output
Explanation
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive protein loss in the urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia and subsequent fluid shifts into the interstitial spaces. This results in edema, which is often first noticeable as periorbital swelling and can progress to generalized edema, including ascites. Increased abdominal girth reflects fluid accumulation in the abdomen and is a classic and significant clinical manifestation of nephrotic syndrome in young children.
Correct Answer Is:
A. Increased abdominal girthA nurse is performing an assessment for a 5-year-old child who has celiac disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
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Hematemesis
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Sausage-shaped mass in the upper right abdomen
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Malnutrition
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Red currant jelly-like stools
Explanation
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which ingestion of gluten damages the intestinal villi, leading to impaired absorption of nutrients. Over time, this malabsorption results in poor weight gain, growth delays, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and overall malnutrition. In children, this often presents as failure to thrive, fatigue, abdominal distension, and delayed development, making malnutrition a hallmark finding.
Correct Answer Is:
C. MalnutritionA nurse is providing care for a toddler who is scheduled for cardiac surgery. The parent states, “I am not sure I want my child to have this operation.” Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
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“You have already signed the consent form for surgery.”
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“You have the best cardiovascular surgical team.”
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“I will notify the provider of your concerns about this surgery.”
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“Let me explain the consequences of not having this surgery.”
Explanation
Explanation
When a parent expresses uncertainty about a procedure, the nurse must recognize this as withdrawal of informed consent. The nurse’s role is not to persuade or provide medical explanations beyond scope, but to advocate for the parent and child by notifying the provider. This ensures the provider can clarify risks, benefits, and alternatives so the parent can make an informed decision.Correct Answer Is:
C. “I will notify the provider of your concerns about this surgery.”A nurse is providing teaching about participating in sports to a 12-year-old child who has hemophilia. Which of the following sports should the nurse recommend?
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Soccer
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Gymnastics
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Basketball
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Bowling
Explanation
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that places children at high risk for prolonged bleeding and internal hemorrhage, especially after trauma or injury. The nurse should recommend low-impact, noncontact sports that minimize the risk of falls, collisions, or joint injury. Bowling is a low-risk activity that does not involve physical contact or rapid movements, making it a safe and appropriate choice for a child with hemophilia while still allowing participation in physical and social activities.
Correct Answer Is:
D. BowlingHow to Order
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