ATI_RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 at at Baton Rouge Community College
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Free ATI_RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 at at Baton Rouge Community College Questions
A nurse is teaching the mother of an 8-week-old infant who is breastfed about methods to manage colic. Which of the following instructions should the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply.)
- Apply a hot water bottle to the infant’s abdomen.
- Feed the infant 1/2 tsp of honey daily.
- Offer the infant 1 oz of star anise tea.
- Have the mother avoid milk products.
- Allow the infant to suck on a pacifier.
Explanation
Explanation
D. Have the mother avoid milk products.In breastfed infants, colic can be associated with sensitivity to proteins in the mother’s diet, particularly cow’s milk. Eliminating dairy products may reduce gastrointestinal irritation and excessive crying. Dietary modification in the breastfeeding parent is a recommended, noninvasive strategy to help manage colic symptoms in young infants.
E. Allow the infant to suck on a pacifier.
Non-nutritive sucking is a soothing technique that can help calm infants with colic. Sucking promotes self-soothing, reduces crying episodes, and provides comfort without introducing additional feeding or substances. Pacifier use is considered a safe and effective method to help manage colic-related irritability in young infants.
Correct Answer Is:
D. Have the mother avoid milk products.E. Allow the infant to suck on a pacifier.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make?
- Follow up with physical therapy.
- Store opened vials of insulin for up to 60 days.
- Monitor capillary blood glucose daily.
- Consult with a nutritionist.
Explanation
Explanation
Nutritional management is a cornerstone of care for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Consulting with a nutritionist helps the adolescent and family learn carbohydrate counting, meal planning, portion control, and how food intake affects blood glucose levels. This individualized education supports effective insulin dosing, promotes glycemic control, reduces the risk of hypo- or hyperglycemia, and helps the adolescent maintain normal growth and development while managing a lifelong condition.Correct Answer Is:
D. Consult with a nutritionist.Why the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is caring for a child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the child can be removed from droplet precautions?
- Antibiotics initiated 24 hr ago
- Negative cerebrospinal fluid culture
- Temperature below 37.4° C (99.3° F)
- Absent nuchal rigidity
Explanation
Explanation
Children with bacterial meningitis require droplet precautions to prevent transmission of infectious organisms, particularly during the early phase of illness. According to infection-control guidelines, droplet precautions may be discontinued after the child has received effective antibiotic therapy for at least 24 hours, as this significantly reduces the risk of transmission. Clinical improvement or laboratory results are not required before removing precautions; timing of appropriate antibiotic treatment is the key determinant.Correct Answer Is:
A. Antibiotics initiated 24 hr agoWhy the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving prednisolone. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
- Decreased bone density
- Decreased intraocular pressure
- Weight loss
- Hypoglycemia
Explanation
Prednisolone is a corticosteroid, and long-term or repeated use in children can interfere with bone growth and calcium metabolism. Corticosteroids decrease bone formation and increase bone resorption, placing pediatric clients at risk for decreased bone density and fractures. Because children are still growing, monitoring for bone-related adverse effects is especially important to prevent long-term skeletal complications.
Correct Answer Is:
A. Decreased bone densityA nurse is preparing a 4-year-old child for a tonsillectomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- “Your mom will be there throughout the procedure.”
- “You will have a special sleep so you won’t feel anything.”
- “You will be put to sleep for your surgery.”
- “Your throat will feel better when you wake up.”
Explanation
Preschool-age children have limited understanding of medical procedures and may interpret language very literally. Using the phrase “special sleep” is developmentally appropriate and less frightening than saying “put to sleep,” which can cause fear or confusion. This statement reassures the child that they will not feel pain during the procedure while providing a simple, honest explanation that supports emotional comfort and reduces anxiety before surgery.
Correct Answer Is:
B. “You will have a special sleep so you won’t feel anything.”A nurse is caring for an infant who has heart failure and is receiving digoxin. Which of the following findings indicates a positive response to the medication?
- Respiratory rate 32/min
- Urine output 2 mL/kg/hr
- Capillary refill 4 seconds
- Heart rate 187/min
Explanation
Explanation
Digoxin improves myocardial contractility and cardiac output in infants with heart failure. As cardiac output improves, renal perfusion increases, leading to improved urine output. A urine output of 2 mL/kg/hr indicates adequate kidney perfusion and effective circulation, which is a key indicator that the medication is successfully improving the infant’s cardiac function and reducing fluid overload associated with heart failure.Correct Answer Is:
B. Urine output 2 mL/kg/hrWhy the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is caring for a preschooler who has a gastrostomy tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- Place a transparent occlusive dressing over the site.
- Cleanse the tube site with hydrogen peroxide.
- Use barrier ointments around the site.
- Maintain tension between the tubing and the site.
Explanation
Barrier ointments help protect the skin surrounding a gastrostomy tube from moisture, leakage of gastric contents, and irritation. Children with gastrostomy tubes are at risk for skin breakdown and infection due to constant exposure to digestive enzymes. Applying a protective barrier maintains skin integrity, prevents excoriation, and promotes healing, making it an essential part of routine gastrostomy site care.
Correct Answer Is:
C. Use barrier ointments around the site.A nurse is providing teaching about participating in sports to a 12-year-old child who has hemophilia. Which of the following sports should the nurse recommend?
- Soccer
- Gymnastics
- Basketball
- Bowling
Explanation
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that places children at high risk for prolonged bleeding and internal hemorrhage, especially after trauma or injury. The nurse should recommend low-impact, noncontact sports that minimize the risk of falls, collisions, or joint injury. Bowling is a low-risk activity that does not involve physical contact or rapid movements, making it a safe and appropriate choice for a child with hemophilia while still allowing participation in physical and social activities.
Correct Answer Is:
D. BowlingA nurse is assessing an infant who has patent ductus arteriosus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- Decreased systolic blood pressure
- Increased respiratory rate
- Increased temperature
- Decreased heart rate
Explanation
Explanation
Patent ductus arteriosus causes blood to shunt from the aorta back into the pulmonary circulation, leading to increased pulmonary blood flow and pulmonary congestion. This places extra workload on the lungs and heart, resulting in tachypnea as the infant attempts to compensate for impaired gas exchange. An increased respiratory rate is a common and expected finding, especially during feeding or activity, and reflects developing heart failure and respiratory compromise.Correct Answer Is:
B. Increased respiratory rateWhy the other options are incorrect:
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the guardian of a preschooler who had a tonsillectomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- Notify the provider if your child is swallowing frequently.
- Notify the provider if your child has dark brown blood between their teeth.
- Encourage your child to drink liquids through a straw.
- Encourage your child to clear their throat as needed.
Explanation
Frequent swallowing after a tonsillectomy is an important warning sign of postoperative bleeding. Preschool-age children often swallow blood rather than spit it out, so bleeding may not be immediately visible. Early identification of this subtle sign allows for prompt provider notification and intervention, which is critical because postoperative hemorrhage can quickly become life-threatening if not treated.
Correct Answer Is:
A. Notify the provider if your child is swallowing frequently.How to Order
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