Introduction to Sociology (C273)
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Free Introduction to Sociology (C273) Questions
Informational reports should be organized using which of the following patterns
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Introduction/problem, facts/findings, conclusions/recommendations, discussion/analysis
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Summary/conclusion, introduction/background, facts/findings
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Introduction/background, facts/findings, summary/conclusion
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Introduction/problem, conclusions/recommendations, facts/findings, discussion/analysis
Explanation
Correct Answer:
a) Introduction/problem, facts/findings, conclusions/recommendations, discussion/analysis
Explanation:
Informational reports are generally structured to clearly present the problem or topic, followed by facts or findings, then conclusions and recommendations based on the findings. A discussion or analysis section may further elaborate on these points to provide depth and context.
Why other options are wrong:
b) This structure omits important sections like conclusions/recommendations and analysis, which are vital to providing a complete report.
c) While this structure might work for shorter reports, it lacks depth in the analysis and conclusion sections.
d) This pattern places conclusions and recommendations before facts/findings, which disrupts the natural flow of reporting where facts should precede conclusions.
Individual focus is to group focus as _____ is to ____
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personality psychology; social psychology
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sociology; social psychology
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social psychology; personality psychology
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social psychology; sociology
Explanation
Correct Answer A: personality psychology; social psychology
Explanation:
Personality psychology focuses on the individual, studying personal traits and behaviors. Social psychology, on the other hand, focuses on group dynamics and how people are influenced by others in social contexts. Thus, individual focus (personality psychology) contrasts with group focus (social psychology).
Why other options are wrong:
B) sociology; social psychology: Sociology studies society at large, not the individual or group dynamic on a micro level like social psychology does.
C) social psychology; personality psychology: This is the reverse of the correct analogy, as social psychology focuses on the group and personality psychology on the individual.
D) social psychology; sociology: Social psychology focuses on the individual in groups, whereas sociology focuses more broadly on societal structures, not directly on the group vs. individual relationship.
When did sociology first take root in the United States
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Late 1600s
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Early 1800s
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Late 1800s
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Mid-1900s
Explanation
Correct Answer:
c) Late 1800s
Explanation:
Sociology became an academic discipline in the United States in the late 1800s. The first sociology department was established at the University of Chicago in 1892, making it a formal field of study in American universities.
Why other options are wrong:
a) Late 1600s: Sociology did not exist as a formal discipline during this period.
b) Early 1800s: Although early social thinkers influenced sociology, it was not yet established as an academic discipline in the U.S.
d) Mid-1900s: By this time, sociology had already been firmly established as an academic field in the U.S. for decades.
In its comprehensive sense, sociology can be regarded as the study of ____
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economics
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politics
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social life
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social work
Explanation
Correct Answer:
c) social life
Explanation:
Sociology is the study of social life, social behavior, and the structures that organize society. It looks at how individuals, groups, and institutions interact, and how these interactions shape the social world.
Why other options are wrong:
a) economics: Economics focuses on the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, while sociology looks at the broader patterns of human behavior and social organization.
b) politics: Politics is a specific aspect of social life, but sociology covers a much broader range of topics beyond politics.
d) social work: Social work is a profession that applies sociological concepts but is not synonymous with sociology itself.
The focus is on the individual in _____, while the focus is on the group in ____
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social psychology; personality psychology
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personality psychology; social psychology
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social psychology; sociology
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sociology; social psychology
Explanation
Correct Answer B: personality psychology; social psychology
Explanation:
Personality psychology focuses on the individual and personal characteristics, while social psychology emphasizes the group, examining how individuals are influenced by and interact within groups.
Why other options are wrong:
A) social psychology; personality psychology: This is incorrect because social psychology focuses on the group, not the individual, as personality psychology does.
C) social psychology; sociology: Social psychology focuses on the individual in a group setting, while sociology looks at broader social structures.
D) sociology; social psychology: Sociology focuses on large-scale societal structures, while social psychology studies individual behavior in group settings.
_____ is credited as being the founder of sociology.
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Auguste Comte
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W. E. B. Du Bois
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Karl Marx
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Jane Addams
Explanation
Correct Answer:
a) Auguste Comte
Explanation:
Auguste Comte is regarded as the founder of sociology, as he coined the term "sociology" and worked to establish it as a scientific discipline. He proposed that society could be studied scientifically, applying the methods of natural sciences to social phenomena.
Why other options are wrong:
b) W. E. B. Du Bois: Du Bois was a significant sociologist, especially in the study of race and inequality, but he was not the founder of sociology.
c) Karl Marx: Marx made major contributions to sociology, particularly in terms of class struggle and capitalism, but he is not considered the founder of the field.
d) Jane Addams: Addams made important contributions, particularly in applied sociology, but she did not find the discipline.
The study of victims and their patterns of victimization is known as
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criminology
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sociology
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criminal patternization
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victimology
Explanation
Correct Answer:
d) victimology
Explanation:
Victimology is the branch of criminology that focuses specifically on the study of victims, their experiences, and the patterns of victimization they face. It examines how certain groups may be more vulnerable to victimization and the impact of victimization on individuals and society.
Why other options are wrong:
a) Criminology: Criminology studies crime, criminal behavior, and law enforcement, but victimology is a subfield focusing on victims, not criminals.
b) Sociology: While sociology may examine social factors related to victimization, it is not specifically dedicated to the study of victims.
c) Criminal patternization: This term does not refer to the study of victims but rather focuses on identifying crime patterns.
_____ is the study of society and human behavior
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Positivism
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Science
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Psychology
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Sociology
Explanation
Correct Answer:
d) Sociology
Explanation:
Sociology is the discipline that focuses on the study of society and human behavior. It examines how individuals and groups interact, how social structures influence behavior, and how societies evolve.
Why other options are wrong:
a) Positivism is a methodology or approach to studying phenomena scientifically, but it is not a field of study itself.
b) Science refers broadly to the systematic study of the natural world, whereas sociology is specifically concerned with social behavior.
c) Psychology studies individual behavior and mental processes, whereas sociology focuses on social behavior and structures.
_____ embraces the study of formal organizations and social movements
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Global sociology
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Microsociology
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Macrosociology
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Mesosociology
Explanation
Correct Answer:
d) Mesosociology
Explanation:
Mesosociology focuses on the study of intermediate levels of social organization, such as communities, formal organizations, and social movements. It bridges the gap between individual interactions and larger societal structures.
Why other options are wrong:
a) Global sociology: Global sociology focuses on large-scale global processes and structures, rather than formal organizations and social movements specifically.
b) Microsociology: Microsociology examines small-scale, individual-level social interactions, such as face-to-face interactions and group dynamics, rather than formal organizations or large movements.
c) Macrosociology: Macrosociology looks at large-scale social structures and systems, such as economies or nation-states, but not at the intermediate level of formal organizations or social movements.
Which of the following is the discipline most closely related to corporate social responsibility
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sociology
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psychology
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ethics
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philosophy
Explanation
Correct Answer:
C) ethics
Explanation:
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is closely linked to ethics, as it involves businesses acting in ways that are responsible to society, the environment, and stakeholders, balancing profit with social good.
Why other options are wrong:
A) sociology: Sociology studies the structure and dynamics of societies, but it does not specifically focus on ethical issues related to business practices.
B) psychology: Psychology focuses on individual and group behavior, not necessarily on the ethical responsibilities of corporations.
D) philosophy: While philosophy includes ethical discussions, CSR is more directly concerned with practical applications of ethical principles in business.
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