C273-Introduction to Sociology
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Free C273-Introduction to Sociology Questions
____ studies the relationships between people and urban environments
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Sociology
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Urban ecology
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Environmentalism
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Gentrification
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Demography
Explanation
Correct Answer:
b) Urban ecology
Explanation:
Urban ecology is the study of how people interact with and are influenced by urban environments, including the social, cultural, and environmental dynamics of cities.
Why other options are wrong:
a) Sociology: Sociology is broader and includes the study of many aspects of society, not just urban environments.
c) Environmentalism: While environmentalism focuses on environmental issues, it is not specifically concerned with urban environments and their social interactions.
d) Gentrification: Gentrification refers to the process of transforming urban neighborhoods, but it is not the broader study of urban relationships.
e) Demography: Demography studies population characteristics but does not specifically focus on urban environments and their relationship with people.
Which of the following is the discipline most closely related to corporate social responsibility
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sociology
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psychology
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ethics
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philosophy
Explanation
Correct Answer:
C) ethics
Explanation:
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is closely linked to ethics, as it involves businesses acting in ways that are responsible to society, the environment, and stakeholders, balancing profit with social good.
Why other options are wrong:
A) sociology: Sociology studies the structure and dynamics of societies, but it does not specifically focus on ethical issues related to business practices.
B) psychology: Psychology focuses on individual and group behavior, not necessarily on the ethical responsibilities of corporations.
D) philosophy: While philosophy includes ethical discussions, CSR is more directly concerned with practical applications of ethical principles in business.
Which term describes the situation where men are promoted at a faster rate than women?
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Glass ceiling
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Glass escalator
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Gender typing
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Male privilege
Explanation
Explanation
Correct answer: (B) Glass escalator
The glass escalator refers to the phenomenon in which men in female-dominated professions experience faster promotions, greater advancement opportunities, and higher status trajectories compared to their female colleagues. This reflects systemic gender advantages that accelerate men’s career mobility even in occupations where women are the majority.
Which term describes these parts of a culture? Family Religion Schools Media Workplace
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Total institutions
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Life course divisions
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Socialization agents
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Ascribed statuses
Explanation
Explanation
Correct answer: (C) Socialization agents
Socialization agents are the individuals, groups, and institutions that transmit cultural norms, values, beliefs, and behaviors to individuals, shaping their social development and identity. Family, religion, schools, media, and the workplace all function as primary and secondary agents of socialization because they influence how individuals learn and internalize societal expectations.
What stage in life is also known as the novice phase in sociology
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Childhood
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Adolescence
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Young adulthood
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Middle adulthood
Explanation
Correct Answer C: Young adulthood
Explanation:
In sociology, the novice phase typically refers to the stage of young adulthood, when individuals begin to explore their roles in society, develop independence, and make significant life decisions like education, career, and relationships.
Why other options are wrong:
A) Childhood: Childhood is a stage of early development and learning, not associated with the novice phase.
B) Adolescence: Adolescence is a stage of growth, but it is more about identity formation and transition, not the novice phase of adulthood.
D) Middle adulthood: This stage is typically characterized by established roles and responsibilities, not the exploration phase that defines the novice stage.
Who coined the term sociology among early social thinkers
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Karl Marx
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Max Weber
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Auguste Comte
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Emile Durkheim
Explanation
Correct Answer C: Auguste Comte
Explanation:
Auguste Comte, a French philosopher, is credited with coining the term "sociology" in the 19th century. He envisioned sociology as a scientific discipline that would study society using empirical methods, similar to the natural sciences.
Why other options are wrong:
A) Karl Marx: Marx contributed to sociology with his theories on class struggle and capitalism but did not coin the term.
B) Max Weber: Weber developed sociological theories on bureaucracy and social action but did not introduce the term "sociology."
D) Emile Durkheim: Durkheim was instrumental in establishing sociology as an academic discipline, but he did not coin the term.
When sociologists say that sociology is based on systematic research, they mean
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Sociology is based on subjective opinions and personal experiences.
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Sociology uses empirical evidence and structured methods to study society.
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Sociology relies on philosophical theories and abstract reasoning.
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Sociology is based on intuition and informal observation of social life.
Explanation
Correct Answer B: Sociology uses empirical evidence and structured methods to study society.
Explanation:
Sociology is grounded in systematic research, meaning that sociologists gather data through well-defined research methods like surveys, experiments, and observations, and use this data to analyze and understand social phenomena.
Why other options are wrong:
A) Sociology is based on subjective opinions and personal experiences: Sociologists strive for objectivity and rely on empirical data rather than personal opinions.
C) Sociology relies on philosophical theories and abstract reasoning: While sociology may incorporate theoretical perspectives, it is primarily based on empirical research and data rather than abstract reasoning alone.
D) Sociology is based on intuition and informal observation of social life: Sociological research involves more than informal observation; it requires systematic, structured methodologies to ensure valid and reliable findings.
Which of the following is true about Auguste Comte's vision of sociology
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Sociology would be replaced by the study of psychology.
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Sociology would be a science of society modeled on natural sciences.
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Sociology would identify the laws that govern human behavior.
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Sociology would not concern itself with "social status" and "social dynamics".
Explanation
Correct Answer:
B) Sociology would be a science of society modeled on natural sciences.
D) Sociology would identify the laws that govern human behavior.
Explanation:
Auguste Comte, known as the father of sociology, believed that sociology should be a scientific study of society, modeled after the natural sciences. He also believed that sociology should identify the laws that govern human behavior, much like natural sciences identify laws in nature.
Why other options are wrong:
A) Sociology would be replaced by the study of psychology: Comte did not believe sociology would be replaced by psychology; he envisioned sociology as a separate and distinct discipline.
D) Sociology would not concern itself with "social status" and "social dynamics": Comte believed sociology should study social structures, dynamics, and status, so this statement is incorrect.
Which of the following best describes the introduction of a disruptive technology in Canada
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The introduction of digital projection in theatres
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The introduction of high-definition TV
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The introduction of movies on DVDs
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The introduction of automatic teller machines
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The introduction of satellite radio
Explanation
Correct Answer A: The introduction of digital projection in theatres
Explanation:
Disruptive technologies are innovations that significantly alter or replace existing technologies. The introduction of digital projection in theatres disrupted traditional film projection methods and had a major impact on the film industry.
Why other options are wrong:
B) The introduction of high-definition TV: While this was an important technological advancement, it did not have as disruptive an impact as digital projection in theatres.
C) The introduction of movies on DVDs: DVDs were an innovation, but they were more of an evolution than a disruptive technology, as they complemented existing movie formats.
D) The introduction of automatic teller machines: ATMs are an important innovation but were not as disruptive in the context of technological change across industries as digital projection in theatres.
E) The introduction of satellite radio: Satellite radio was innovative but did not disrupt the radio industry in the same way digital projection disrupted movie theaters.
According to sociologists, which condition in the workplace can be explained by gender?
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The pay gap
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Leadership aptitude
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Employee satisfaction
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Professional development
Explanation
Explanation
Correct answer: (A) The pay gap
Sociologists identify the gender pay gap as a structural workplace inequality in which earnings differ systematically between men and women due to gender-based discrimination, occupational segregation, and unequal access to opportunities and resources. This condition is widely analyzed as a gendered outcome of social and institutional arrangements rather than differences in individual ability or performance.
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