D385 Software Security and Testing
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Free D385 Software Security and Testing Questions
1. 88. What is the primary function of application vulnerability scanners in cybersecurity?
- To monitor network traffic for unauthorized access
- To encrypt sensitive data during transmission
- To identify and report security weaknesses in applications
- To manage user identities and access rights
Explanation
Application vulnerability scanners are tools used to identify and report security weaknesses or flaws within applications. They scan code, configurations, and running applications to detect issues such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and misconfigurations. By pinpointing vulnerabilities before exploitation, these scanners help developers and security teams strengthen application security and reduce the risk of breaches.
2. 23. What is the main reason given by companies for setting up a bring your own device (BYOD) program?
- To make employees happy
- To decrease management burdens
- To increase security
- To reduce costs
Explanation
The primary reason companies implement Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) programs is to reduce costs. Allowing employees to use their personal devices for work minimizes the need for organizations to purchase, maintain, and upgrade company-owned hardware. While BYOD can also improve flexibility and employee satisfaction, the main motivation is financial efficiency—achieving productivity gains without additional infrastructure expenses.
3. 16. A secure gateway and is a part of a computer system or network that is designed to block unauthorized access while permitting authorized communications.
- Firewall
- Physical safeguard
- Intrusion detection
- Access controls
- Authorization
Explanation
A firewall acts as a secure gateway between internal and external networks. It filters incoming and outgoing traffic based on predefined security rules, blocking unauthorized access while allowing legitimate communication. Firewalls can be hardware- or software-based and are a fundamental part of network defense, protecting systems from external threats such as hackers and malware.
4. 97. What is integration testing?
- testing how different components of the application work together
- testing individual components of the application
- testing the application's performance
- testing application's compatibility with different devices
Explanation
Integration testing focuses on how different components or modules of an application work together once they are combined. It ensures that data flows correctly between modules, interfaces interact as expected, and no issues arise when individual components are integrated. This phase comes after unit testing and helps detect issues in module communication early in the development cycle.
5. 93. What is the primary goal of usability testing in software development?
- To evaluate the performance of the software under load
- To assess how easily real users can navigate and complete tasks
- To verify that the software meets all specified requirements
- To check the software for security vulnerabilities
Explanation
The primary goal of usability testing is to assess how easily real users can navigate and complete tasks within the software. It focuses on the user experience—measuring intuitiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction. Usability testing ensures that the interface is user-friendly, accessible, and aligned with the target audience’s needs, ultimately improving product acceptance and engagement.
6. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of functional testing in software development?
- To assess the system's performance under load
- To verify that the software meets the specified requirements outlined in the SRS
- To evaluate the usability of the software from an end-user perspective
- To ensure that the software is free from defects
Explanation
The primary purpose of functional testing is to verify that the software meets the functional requirements outlined in the Software Requirements Specification (SRS). It validates that all features and functions operate as expected by providing correct outputs for given inputs. This ensures that the software behaves according to its intended purpose from a business and user perspective.
7. 20. What is the primary function of Identity Governance Solutions in an organization?
- To monitor network traffic for security threats
- To manage and secure user identities and their access permissions
- To encrypt sensitive data during transmission
- To provide real-time scanning for malware
Explanation
Identity Governance Solutions (IGS) are designed to manage, secure, and control user identities and their access rights within an organization. They ensure that the right individuals have the appropriate access to technology resources and that all permissions align with security policies and compliance requirements. IGS systems also automate user provisioning, de-provisioning, and periodic access reviews to minimize insider threats and unauthorized access.
8. 33. A system architect is attempting to change the company network to allow for guest user access. However, the architect is concerned that the guest users may be able to access confidential information from other systems on the network. What is the BEST way for the architect to address these concerns?
- Virtualize the guest wireless infrastructure.
- Place an air gap around the sensitive systems.
- Place the guest WAPs on a honeynet.
- Place the sensitive systems in an isolated VLAN.
Explanation
The best way to protect confidential systems from guest user access is to place the sensitive systems in an isolated VLAN. VLAN segmentation separates network traffic logically, ensuring that guest users are confined to a separate, restricted segment of the network. This prevents unauthorized access to sensitive resources while still allowing guest connectivity. VLAN isolation is a standard security best practice in enterprise network design.
9. 66. What is the primary function of real-time scanning in cybersecurity software?
- To perform scheduled scans of the system
- To actively monitor and eliminate malware as it appears
- To analyze network traffic for unauthorized access
- To encrypt sensitive data before transmission
Explanation
The primary function of real-time scanning in cybersecurity software is to actively monitor and eliminate malware as it appears on the system. This means the antivirus or endpoint protection software continuously checks files, downloads, and processes as they are accessed or created, immediately detecting and blocking malicious activity to prevent infection or damage.
10. 35. Which type of software is specifically designed to monitor and filter incoming and outgoing network traffic to prevent unauthorized access to a network?
- Antivirus Software
- Firewall Software
- Data Loss Prevention Software
- Encryption Tools
Explanation
Firewall software serves as a security barrier that monitors and filters both incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. Its main purpose is to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network while allowing legitimate communication. Firewalls can be hardware- or software-based and are essential for protecting systems against external threats and unauthorized intrusions.
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