Web Development Foundations (D276)
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Free Web Development Foundations (D276) Questions
What is the primary purpose of the POST method in HTTP
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To delete data from the server
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To update existing data on the server
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To submit new data to the server
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To retrieve data from the server
Explanation
Correct Answer C. To submit new data to the server
Explanation
The POST method in HTTP is used to send data to the server to create a new resource or submit information that will be processed. It is typically used in forms where the user submits data (such as login credentials or registration information) to be handled by the server.
Why other options are wrong
A. To delete data from the server
This is incorrect because the DELETE method is used for deleting data from the server, not the POST method.
B. To update existing data on the server
This is incorrect because the PUT method is typically used to update existing data on the server, while POST is used to submit new data.
D. To retrieve data from the server
This is incorrect because the GET method is used to retrieve data from the server, not POST.
What does the Last-Modified header indicate in an HTTP response?
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The date and time when the resource was last accessed
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The date and time when the resource was last modified on the server
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The size of the resource in bytes
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The type of content being served
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. The date and time when the resource was last modified on the server
Explanation
The Last-Modified header in an HTTP response indicates the date and time when the resource was last modified on the server. This helps clients determine whether they have the most up-to-date version of a resource and can be used for caching purposes.
Why other options are wrong
A. The date and time when the resource was last accessed
The Last-Modified header refers to when the resource was last modified on the server, not when it was last accessed. Access times are not directly provided by this header.
C. The size of the resource in bytes
The size of the resource in bytes is typically provided by the Content-Length header, not the Last-Modified header. The Last-Modified header focuses on the modification time.
D. The type of content being served
The type of content is indicated by the Content-Type header, not the Last-Modified header. The Last-Modified header specifically deals with modification dates.
What is the purpose of a fragment identifier in a URL
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To specify a particular section of a webpage.
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To define the protocol used for the connection
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To indicate the file type being accessed
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To provide metadata about the webpage
Explanation
Correct Answer A. To specify a particular section of a webpage
Explanation
The correct answer is A because the fragment identifier (the part of a URL that comes after the # symbol) is used to specify a particular section of a webpage. It allows users to be directed to a specific part of the page, like an anchor link, without reloading the page.
Why other options are wrong
B. To define the protocol used for the connection
This is incorrect because the protocol (e.g., http://, https://) is defined before the domain name in a URL, not in the fragment identifier.
C. To indicate the file type being accessed
This is incorrect because the file type is typically indicated by the file extension (e.g., .html, .jpg) in the path part of the URL, not in the fragment identifier.
D. To provide metadata about the webpage
This is incorrect because metadata is typically provided in the HTML head section (using tags like <meta>) or through other mechanisms, not through the fragment identifier.
What is the primary purpose of the 'id' attribute in HTML elements?
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To apply CSS styles to an element
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To give an element a unique identifier
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To create a hyperlink
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To define a class for multiple elements
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. To give an element a unique identifier
Explanation
The id attribute in HTML provides a unique identifier for an element on the page. This uniqueness allows for specific targeting by CSS, JavaScript, or within anchor links. It must be unique within a page, ensuring that each id corresponds to only one element.
Why other options are wrong
A. To apply CSS styles to an element
While the id attribute can be used to target elements with CSS, its primary purpose is to uniquely identify an element. Applying styles is one of the many uses, but not the main purpose of the id attribute.
C. To create a hyperlink
Creating a hyperlink is done using the <a> (anchor) element, not the id attribute. The id attribute can be used within an anchor tag to link to a specific part of the page, but it is not responsible for creating hyperlinks directly.
D. To define a class for multiple elements
The class attribute is used to define groups of elements with the same style or behavior. The id attribute, however, is designed for individual, unique identification, and should not be reused across multiple elements.
In the context of web addresses, what does the acronym TLD refer to?
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Total Link Directory
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Top-level Domains
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Transitional Link Data
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Technical Language Descriptor
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. Top-level Domains
Explanation
TLD stands for Top-level Domain, which is the last part of a domain name in a web address. It follows the domain name and is separated by a dot (e.g., .com, .org, .edu). It helps classify domain names based on their purpose or geographical location.
Why other options are wrong
A. Total Link Directory
This is not a recognized term in the context of web addresses. The term "Total Link Directory" does not relate to the structure of a domain name or URL.
C. Transitional Link Data
"Transitional Link Data" is not a relevant term in the context of web addresses or domain names. It is not used in the context of TLDs.
D. Technical Language Descriptor
While "Technical Language Descriptor" may seem like it could relate to some aspect of programming or markup languages, it does not refer to anything related to web addresses or domain names.
JavaScript is a scripting language that runs
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on the JavaScript website
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in the JavaScript compiler of the web server
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in the JavaScript engine of the browser
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in the JavaScript engine of the web server
Explanation
Correct Answer
C. in the JavaScript engine of the browser
Explanation
JavaScript is executed in the JavaScript engine of the browser. When a webpage is loaded in the browser, the JavaScript code embedded in the page is processed and executed by the browser's JavaScript engine, such as V8 in Chrome or SpiderMonkey in Firefox. This allows for dynamic interactivity and client-side logic on the page.
Why other options are wrong
A. on the JavaScript website
There is no specific "JavaScript website" where JavaScript runs. JavaScript is executed in the browser or on the server, not through a website of its own.
B. in the JavaScript compiler of the web server
While JavaScript can run on the server through environments like Node.js, the JavaScript engine typically runs in the browser on the client side, not on the server.
D. in the JavaScript engine of the web server
Although JavaScript can be executed on the server (such as with Node.js), the most common use case for JavaScript is execution in the browser's JavaScript engine.
When the user clicks a hyperlink, a ________ locates the requested web page and sends it to the user's web browser.
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URL
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web server
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host
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packet
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. web server
Explanation
A web server is responsible for hosting web pages and serving them to users upon request. When a hyperlink is clicked, the browser sends a request to the web server, which then processes the request and returns the appropriate web page to the user's browser.
Why other options are wrong
A. URL
A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the address used to locate a resource on the web, but it does not perform the action of sending the web page. It is simply a reference used in the request.
C. Host
A host refers to a computer or server that provides resources or services, but the correct term for the system that processes web page requests and serves them is "web server." While a host may contain a web server, the server itself is the one fulfilling the request.
D. Packet
A packet is a small unit of data transmitted over a network. While packets are used to transmit the information from server to client, they do not themselves locate or send the web page; they are part of the transport mechanism.
Which of the following best describes an inline element in HTML?
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An element that takes up the full width of its parent container
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An element that can contain block-level elements
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An element that occupies only the space necessary for its content
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An element that is not rendered in the browser
Explanation
Correct Answer
C. An element that occupies only the space necessary for its content
Explanation
Inline elements in HTML only take up as much width as necessary for their content and do not start on a new line. Examples include <span>, <a>, and <strong>. These elements are commonly used for styling small parts of text within block-level containers.
Why other options are wrong
A. An element that takes up the full width of its parent container
This describes a block-level element, not an inline element. Block-level elements expand to fill their container's width.
B. An element that can contain block-level elements
Inline elements cannot contain block-level elements. Doing so would result in invalid HTML and often lead to unexpected rendering behavior.
D. An element that is not rendered in the browser
This is false. Inline elements are rendered in the browser, typically as part of a text line. Elements like <script> or elements with display: none are not rendered, but that’s unrelated to inline behavior.
The HTML 5 element used to place a video file on a web page using the browser's built-in video player is the...
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Video element
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Audio element
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Iframe element
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Embed element
Explanation
Correct Answer
A. Video element
Explanation
The <video> element in HTML5 is used to embed video files directly into a web page. It allows the browser to display the video content and includes built-in controls such as play, pause, and volume adjustment. The element can also include a fallback for unsupported browsers.
Why other options are wrong
B. Audio element
The <audio> element is used to embed audio content in a web page, not video. While both are media elements, the <audio> element is specifically for sound files.
C. Iframe element
The <iframe> element is used to embed external content such as web pages or interactive media into the current page. It does not specifically handle video files.
D. Embed element
The <embed> element is used for embedding external media content, but it is not the standard method for embedding video in HTML5. The <video> element is the preferred method.
What is the primary characteristic of the GET method in HTTP requests?
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It sends data in the body of the request
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It appends data to the URL as query parameters
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It is used for secure data transmission
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It does not allow caching of responses
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. It appends data to the URL as query parameters
Explanation
The GET method in HTTP requests appends data to the URL as query parameters. This is typically done after a question mark (?), and the parameters are separated by ampersands (&). GET is used for retrieving data from the server and is not intended for sending sensitive data, as the data is visible in the URL.
Why other options are wrong
A. It sends data in the body of the request
This is incorrect. GET requests do not send data in the body of the request. Data is sent in the URL as query parameters. This behavior contrasts with methods like POST, which send data in the body.
C. It is used for secure data transmission
This is incorrect. While GET can be used over HTTPS for secure communication, the method itself does not inherently secure data transmission. GET is not suitable for sending sensitive data because the data appears in the URL, which can be logged or cached.
D. It does not allow caching of responses
This is incorrect. GET requests can be cached by browsers or proxies. The caching behavior is controlled by cache headers, but GET requests themselves do not inherently prevent caching.
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