Ethics in Technology (D333)
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Free Ethics in Technology (D333) Questions
What does 'Ethics Washing' refer to in the context of AI?
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Identifying protected features in datasets
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Monitoring compliance with data privacy laws
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Covering up unethical behavior
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Implementing fairness constraints in algorithms
Explanation
Correct Answer
C. Covering up unethical behavior
Explanation
'Ethics Washing' refers to the practice of making superficial claims about ethical AI practices while failing to implement real changes to address ethical concerns. Companies may present misleading statements about their AI fairness initiatives to gain public trust while continuing to engage in unethical behavior, such as biased decision-making or lack of transparency.
Why other options are wrong
A. Identifying protected features in datasets. Identifying protected features (e.g., race, gender) is an important part of mitigating bias in AI, but it is not related to ethics washing.
B. Monitoring compliance with data privacy laws. Ensuring compliance with privacy laws is a genuine regulatory requirement, not an example of ethics washing.
D. Implementing fairness constraints in algorithms. Applying fairness constraints is a legitimate effort to reduce bias in AI, not an attempt to cover up unethical practices.
What does the Supreme Court state about the constitutionality of filtering schemes?
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It is based on the type of information being filtered.
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It depends on adult ability to request and receive unrestricted access to protected speech.
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It is solely determined by the government’s discretion.
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It is irrelevant to the rights of individuals.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. It depends on adult ability to request and receive unrestricted access to protected speech.
Explanation
The Supreme Court has ruled that filtering schemes can be constitutional as long as adults have the ability to request and receive access to protected speech. This ensures that filters do not unnecessarily restrict lawful information for those who have a legal right to access it.
Why other options are wrong
A. It is based on the type of information being filtered. While the type of information matters, the key issue is whether adults can access lawful content when requested.
C. It is solely determined by the government’s discretion. Courts, not just the government, determine the constitutionality of filtering laws.
D. It is irrelevant to the rights of individuals. The constitutionality of filtering is directly related to individuals' rights to access information.
What is the primary purpose of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)?
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To stimulate innovation through intellectual property
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To enforce copyright laws exclusively
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To provide financial support to inventors
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To regulate internet service providers
Explanation
Correct Answer
A. To stimulate innovation through intellectual property
Explanation
WIPO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that promotes intellectual property (IP) protection worldwide. It facilitates cooperation between countries to encourage innovation, support IP systems, and establish global standards.
Why other options are wrong
B. To enforce copyright laws exclusively. WIPO promotes and supports intellectual property laws but does not directly enforce them.
C. To provide financial support to inventors. WIPO does not fund inventors but offers resources and guidance on intellectual property protection.
D. To regulate internet service providers. WIPO focuses on intellectual property, not on regulating ISPs.
What is a non compete agreement designed to do?
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Require employees to disclose trade secrets to the public.
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Prohibit an employee from working for competitors for a period of time.
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Allow an employee to freely share trade secrets with competitors.
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Enable employees to work for any company without restrictions.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. Prohibit an employee from working for competitors for a period of time.
Explanation
A noncompete agreement is a contract that restricts an employee from working for a competing company for a specified period after leaving their job. These agreements help businesses protect trade secrets, confidential information, and client relationships.
Why other options are wrong
A. Require employees to disclose trade secrets to the public.
Noncompete agreements protect trade secrets, not disclose them.
C. Allow an employee to freely share trade secrets with competitors.
The purpose of a noncompete agreement is to prevent employees from sharing trade secrets with competitors.
D. Enable employees to work for any company without restrictions.
A noncompete agreement imposes restrictions on where employees can work, at least for a certain period.
What does infringement refer to in the context of copyright?
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The process of registering a copyright
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Violation of the rights of a copyright owner
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A method of distributing copyrighted works
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The act of creating derivative works legally
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. Violation of the rights of a copyright owner
Explanation
Copyright infringement occurs when someone uses a copyrighted work without permission, violating the exclusive rights granted to the owner. This can include copying, distributing, or performing a work without authorization.
Why other options are wrong
A. The process of registering a copyright. Copyright registration is a legal process that provides additional protections but is not related to infringement.
C. A method of distributing copyrighted works. Distribution is legal when done with permission; infringement occurs when distribution happens without authorization.
D. The act of creating derivative works legally. Derivative works require permission unless they fall under fair use; unauthorized derivative works would be considered infringement.
A university brought legal proceedings against a student who posted negative comments anonymously on the internet about the university’s dean.
Which type of lawsuit is this?
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John Doe lawsuit
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Hate speech
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Strategic lawsuit against public participation (SLAPP)
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Anti-strategic lawsuit against public participation (Anti-SLAPP)
Explanation
Explanation:
This is a Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation (SLAPP). SLAPP suits are filed to intimidate or silence individuals who exercise their right to free speech on matters of public concern. By targeting a student for anonymously posting negative comments, the university aims to discourage criticism and suppress public participation, which is characteristic of SLAPP litigation.
Correct Answer:
Strategic lawsuit against public participation (SLAPP)
What is the primary focus of Virtue Ethics?
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Following a strict set of rules and obligations
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The development of character and virtue over time
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Maximizing happiness for the greatest number of people
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Imposing one's values on others
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. The development of character and virtue over time
Explanation
Virtue Ethics focuses on the moral character of an individual rather than just rules or consequences. It emphasizes the development of virtues, such as honesty, courage, and compassion, over time to cultivate a morally good person.
Why other options are wrong
A. Following a strict set of rules and obligations. This aligns more with Deontology, which emphasizes duty and adherence to moral rules rather than personal character development.
C. Maximizing happiness for the greatest number of people. This describes Utilitarianism, which focuses on outcomes rather than individual character traits.
D. Imposing one's values on others. Virtue Ethics is about self-improvement and moral growth rather than forcing others to adopt specific values.
An organization gathers data using various technologies to optimize sales processes for its current and prospective customers. The data consists of demographic, geographic, and behavioral customer changes.
Which data collection method is the organization using?
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Electronic discovery
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Advanced surveillance
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Consumer profiling
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Workplace monitoring
Explanation
Explanation:
The organization is using consumer profiling, which involves collecting and analyzing data about customers’ demographics, behaviors, and preferences. This method helps organizations predict trends, personalize marketing strategies, and optimize sales processes. By understanding customer patterns, companies can make data-driven decisions to improve engagement and enhance overall customer experience while targeting products or services effectively.
Correct Answer:
Consumer profiling
An underage actor is admitted to a local hospital. A nurse from another department wants to know what the patient's ailment is. The nurse accesses the patient’s medical record and is subsequently flagged for unauthorized access.
Which law has the nurse violated?
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Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
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Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
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Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA)
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Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Explanation
Explanation:
The nurse violated the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), which protects the privacy and security of individuals’ medical information. HIPAA requires that healthcare workers access patient data only for legitimate treatment, payment, or operational purposes. Unauthorized access to a patient’s medical record, even out of curiosity or unrelated work, constitutes a breach of HIPAA regulations.
Correct Answer:
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Which legislation provides a safe harbor for internet service providers (ISPs) whose customers violate intellectual property rights?
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Leahy-Smith America Invents Act
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Digital Millennium Copyright Act
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Digital Performance Right in Sound Recordings Act
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Copyright Term Extension Act
Explanation
Explanation:
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) provides a safe harbor for ISPs, protecting them from liability when their customers infringe on intellectual property rights, provided the ISPs comply with specific requirements. This includes promptly responding to takedown notices and not having direct knowledge of infringing activity. The DMCA encourages ISPs to moderate content while limiting their legal exposure for users’ actions.
Correct Answer:
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
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