D442 Basic Nursing Skills
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Free D442 Basic Nursing Skills Questions
Which of the following statements regarding sharps is NOT true?
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Always bend the needles before disposal.
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Sharps containers must be puncture-resistant.
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Sharps containers must be located as close as possible to where the needles are used.
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Never attempt to remove a needle from a disposable syringe.
Explanation
Explanation:
Bending needles before disposal is unsafe and increases the risk of needle-stick injuries; therefore, this statement is not true. Proper sharps management requires using puncture-resistant containers, placing them close to the point of use, and never attempting to remove needles from disposable syringes. Following these precautions helps protect healthcare workers and patients from injury and infection.
Correct Answer:
Always bend the needles before disposal.
In the context of nursing care, what is a key advantage of using electric razors over traditional razors for patient grooming?
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Electric razors provide a closer shave for adhesive applications.
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Electric razors are safer for patients with bleeding risks.
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Traditional razors are easier to clean and disinfect.
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Traditional razors are more cost-effective for single-use.
Explanation
Explanation:
Electric razors are safer for patients who are at risk of bleeding, such as those on anticoagulant therapy or with fragile skin. They reduce the risk of cuts and nicks compared to traditional razors, which can lead to bleeding and infection. While traditional razors may have other benefits, safety is the primary concern in clinical settings, making electric razors the preferred choice for at-risk patients.
Correct Answer:
Electric razors are safer for patients with bleeding risks.
Which of the following patient positions is primarily used to facilitate breathing and improve lung expansion?
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Supine
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Prone
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Fowler's
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Lateral
Explanation
Explanation:
The Fowler’s position, where the head of the bed is elevated between 30 and 90 degrees, is primarily used to facilitate breathing and improve lung expansion. This position helps reduce pressure on the diaphragm, promotes better oxygenation, and is commonly used for patients with respiratory difficulties. Other positions, such as supine or prone, do not optimize lung expansion in the same way.
Correct Answer:
Fowler's
Which one of the following procedures should be performed immediately after a needle stick injury?
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Notify the dentist
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Review the patient's medical history
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Wash the wound area thoroughly with soap and water
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Follow protocol for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens
Explanation
Explanation:
Immediately after a needle stick injury, the first and most critical action is to wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water. This reduces the risk of infection from bloodborne pathogens. After washing, the nurse or healthcare worker should notify the appropriate supervisor and follow institutional protocols for occupational exposure, which may include reporting, testing, and post-exposure prophylaxis. Prompt cleansing of the wound is the immediate priority to minimize infection risk.
Correct Answer:
Wash the wound area thoroughly with soap and water
What is the primary benefit of having a patient sit at the edge of the bed before attempting to walk?
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It allows the nurse to assess the patient's vital signs.
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It helps the patient acclimate to an upright position, minimizing the risk of orthostatic hypotension.
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It provides an opportunity for the patient to rest before ambulation.
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It ensures that the patient is comfortable and relaxed.
Explanation
Explanation:
Having a patient sit at the edge of the bed before walking allows their cardiovascular system to adjust to the upright position, reducing the risk of orthostatic hypotension, which can cause dizziness, fainting, or falls. This practice provides a safety check to assess the patient’s balance, stability, and tolerance for standing, ensuring a safer transition to ambulation while minimizing potential complications.
Correct Answer:
It helps the patient acclimate to an upright position, minimizing the risk of orthostatic hypotension
The nurse knows that the primary objective for the application of a gait belt on a patient who is unstable when ambulating is to:
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Minimize the risk of falls.
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Reduce the weight-bearing load.
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Provide a sense of physical security.
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Aid in the support of lower extremities.
Explanation
Explanation:
A gait belt is applied to patients who are unsteady during ambulation to provide a secure point for the nurse to hold, thereby minimizing the risk of falls. It allows the nurse to support and stabilize the patient safely while walking, promoting balance and control. The primary objective is patient safety; while it may also give a sense of security, the prevention of falls is the main clinical purpose.
Correct Answer:
Minimize the risk of falls.
What is the primary consideration when performing oral care for patients who are unable to perform the task independently?
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Ensuring the patient is seated upright to prevent aspiration
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Using flavored mouthwash to enhance the experience
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Performing oral care only once a day to minimize discomfort
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Rushing the process to complete care quickly
Explanation
Explanation:
When performing oral care for patients who cannot do it themselves, the primary consideration is preventing aspiration. Positioning the patient upright helps reduce the risk of fluids or oral secretions entering the airway, which could cause choking or respiratory complications. Other considerations, such as comfort or frequency, are important but secondary to safety. Rushing the process increases the risk of injury and incomplete oral hygiene.
Correct Answer:
Ensuring the patient is seated upright to prevent aspiration
Which of the following techniques is essential for ensuring safe patient lifting?
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Lift with your back straight and arms extended
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Use a wide stance and keep the patient at arm's length
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Bend at the knees and hips while keeping the patient close to your body
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Twist your torso to gain better leverage during the lift
Explanation
Explanation:
To ensure safe patient lifting, the nurse should bend at the knees and hips while keeping the patient close to the body. This technique allows the stronger leg muscles to bear the weight, reduces strain on the back, and maintains proper body mechanics. Lifting with the back straight and twisting the torso or keeping the patient at arm’s length increases the risk of musculoskeletal injury for the caregiver.
Correct Answer:
Bend at the knees and hips while keeping the patient close to your body
When moving a patient safely, the base of support should be:
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broad (usually standing) with the feet approximately 1 foot apart
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narrow (usually standing) with the feet approximately 1 inch apart
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the arms three feet apart
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parallel with the line of gravity
Explanation
Explanation:
A broad base of support enhances stability and balance when moving or lifting a patient. By standing with feet approximately one foot apart, the nurse lowers the center of gravity and distributes weight evenly, reducing the risk of falls or injury. A narrow base or incorrect alignment with the line of gravity compromises stability and increases the likelihood of musculoskeletal strain.
Correct Answer:
broad (usually standing) with the feet approximately 1 foot apart
What is a primary mechanism by which incontinence increases the likelihood of skin breakdown in patients?
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It causes dehydration of the skin
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It leads to excessive friction during movement.
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It results in prolonged moisture exposure, promoting irritation.
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It decreases blood circulation to the skin.
Explanation
Explanation:
Incontinence contributes to skin breakdown primarily because it exposes the skin to prolonged moisture from urine or feces. This constant wet environment weakens the skin, making it more susceptible to irritation, maceration, and friction injury, which can lead to pressure injuries. While friction and circulation issues may also play roles, the key mechanism is the persistent moisture that compromises the integrity of the skin.
Correct Answer:
It results in prolonged moisture exposure, promoting irritation
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