D442 Basic Nursing Skills
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Free D442 Basic Nursing Skills Questions
Which nursing action is specifically related to the principle, the greater the base of support, the more stable the body?
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Using a walker when ambulating
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Locking the wheels of a wheelchair
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Holding objects close to the body when walking
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Keeping the back straight when lifting an object
Explanation
Explanation:
Using a walker when ambulating directly relates to increasing the base of support, which enhances stability and balance for the patient. A wider base of support distributes weight more evenly and reduces the risk of falls. Other actions, such as holding objects close or keeping the back straight, relate to proper body mechanics but do not specifically expand the base of support to improve stability.
Correct Answer:
Using a walker when ambulating
What is a primary mechanism by which incontinence increases the likelihood of skin breakdown in patients?
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It causes dehydration of the skin
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It leads to excessive friction during movement.
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It results in prolonged moisture exposure, promoting irritation.
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It decreases blood circulation to the skin.
Explanation
Explanation:
Incontinence contributes to skin breakdown primarily because it exposes the skin to prolonged moisture from urine or feces. This constant wet environment weakens the skin, making it more susceptible to irritation, maceration, and friction injury, which can lead to pressure injuries. While friction and circulation issues may also play roles, the key mechanism is the persistent moisture that compromises the integrity of the skin.
Correct Answer:
It results in prolonged moisture exposure, promoting irritation
The nurse is caring for a patient who is immobile and is at risk for skin impairment. The plan of care includes turning the patient. Which is the best method for repositioning the patient that will minimize friction or shear?
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Utilize a transfer device to lift and reposition the patient.
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Slide the patient into the new position.
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Place the patient in a 30-degree supine position
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Elevate the head of the bed 45 degrees
Explanation
Explanation:
To minimize friction and shear when repositioning an immobile patient, using a transfer device or lift is the safest method. Sliding the patient directly can create shear forces that damage underlying tissues, increasing the risk of pressure injuries. Transfer devices distribute weight and allow smooth movement, reducing skin trauma. Proper repositioning is essential for maintaining skin integrity and preventing pressure-related complications.
Correct Answer:
Utilize a transfer device to lift and reposition the patient.
What is the #1 way to prevent the spread of infection/HAIs?
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hand hygiene
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donning gloves
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using masks
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using a non-alcohol based soap
Explanation
Explanation:
Hand hygiene is the most effective method to prevent the spread of infections, including healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Proper handwashing or use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers removes or kills pathogens that can be transmitted via contact. While gloves, masks, and other protective measures provide additional protection, they do not replace the fundamental role of hand hygiene in breaking the chain of infection and maintaining patient and healthcare worker safety.
Correct Answer:
hand hygiene
In the context of fire safety, what is the correct sequence of actions represented by the acronym PASS when using a fire extinguisher?
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Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
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Push, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
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Pull, Aim, Spray, Sweep
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Pull, Adjust, Squeeze, Sweep
Explanation
Explanation:
The acronym PASS is a standard guideline for using a fire extinguisher safely and effectively. It stands for Pull the pin to unlock the extinguisher, Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent, and Sweep the nozzle side to side to cover the fire area. Following this sequence ensures proper application and maximizes the chance of extinguishing the fire safely.
Correct Answer:
Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
Standard precautions are used for:
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All hospitalized clients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status.
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Only those clients with risky lifestyles who are considered potentially infectious
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Only those patients who have been diagnosed with a transmissible infection.
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All clients that the doctor orders standard precautions on.
Explanation
Explanation:
Standard precautions are infection prevention practices applied to the care of all patients in healthcare settings, regardless of their infection status. These precautions include hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and safe handling of potentially contaminated materials. The goal is to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents in healthcare facilities, protecting both patients and healthcare workers. They are not limited to specific patients or diagnoses.
Correct Answer:
All hospitalized clients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status
What does the term PROM stand for?
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Passive range of motion
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Positive range of motivation
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Positioning references on machines
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Position reversing motion
Explanation
Explanation:
PROM stands for Passive Range of Motion. These exercises involve the nurse or caregiver moving the patient’s joints through their normal range without the patient exerting effort. PROM helps maintain joint flexibility, prevent contractures, and improve circulation in patients who are unable to move independently. It is an essential component of rehabilitation and mobility care.
Correct Answer:
Passive range of motion
Where should a nurse stand when walking or ambulating a patient with a gait belt?
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On the patient's strong side
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The patient's side
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Securing the gait belt around the patient's waist
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Grasping the handles of the gait belt while the patient walks
Explanation
Explanation:
When ambulating a patient with a gait belt, the nurse should stand on the patient’s weaker or affected side, usually slightly behind or to the side, to provide support and prevent falls. The gait belt is secured around the patient’s waist, and the nurse grasps it firmly to stabilize the patient while walking. Proper positioning ensures safety, control, and assistance without causing discomfort or injury to the patient.
Correct Answer:
The patient's side
What is the recommended frequency for performing a range of motion exercises during nurse-assisted ambulation to ensure effectiveness?
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Every hour throughout the day
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Once or twice a day, depending on the patient's condition
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Only when the patient requests it
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Three to four times a week
Explanation
Explanation:
Range of motion exercises are typically performed once or twice daily, tailored to the patient’s condition, tolerance, and rehabilitation goals. This frequency helps maintain joint flexibility, muscle strength, and circulation without overexerting the patient. Performing exercises too frequently or only on request may be ineffective or unsafe. The schedule should be individualized to ensure maximum benefit while promoting comfort and safety.
Correct Answer:
Once or twice a day, depending on the patient's condition
When using a sharps container:
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Store the sharps container within arms reach on the ground where it is out of harms way
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Always fill the sharps container to the top to reduce the number of sharps containers used.
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Because safety needles are retracted into the syringe or safety device, there is no need to place them into a sharps container
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When administering vaccines, keep the sharps container within arms reach at eye level.
Explanation
Explanation:
Sharps containers should be stored within arm’s reach and at a safe, stable location—typically on the ground or a flat surface—to ensure easy and safe disposal of needles and other sharp instruments. Overfilling or improper placement increases the risk of needle-stick injuries. Even safety-engineered devices should be disposed of in a sharps container. Proper placement and usage of sharps containers are essential for infection control and healthcare worker safety.
Correct Answer:
Store the sharps container within arms reach on the ground where it is out of harms way
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