D442 Basic Nursing Skills
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Free D442 Basic Nursing Skills Questions
Standard precautions are used for:
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All hospitalized clients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status.
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Only those clients with risky lifestyles who are considered potentially infectious
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Only those patients who have been diagnosed with a transmissible infection.
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All clients that the doctor orders standard precautions on.
Explanation
Explanation:
Standard precautions are infection prevention practices applied to the care of all patients in healthcare settings, regardless of their infection status. These precautions include hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and safe handling of potentially contaminated materials. The goal is to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents in healthcare facilities, protecting both patients and healthcare workers. They are not limited to specific patients or diagnoses.
Correct Answer:
All hospitalized clients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status
What is the first step of PROM (passive range of motion)?
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Check the joints
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Make sure the resident is properly aligned
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Get permission from the nurse
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Start at the shoulder
Explanation
Explanation:
The first step of performing passive range of motion (PROM) exercises is to check the joints for any limitations, pain, or abnormalities. Assessing the joints ensures that the exercises can be performed safely and effectively without causing injury or discomfort. Proper alignment and obtaining permission follow the initial assessment before beginning the movements.
Correct Answer:
Check the joints
What is another safety consideration before helping a resident/patient stand?
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Put gait belt on
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Pull on patient's pant waistband
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barefoot is best
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Keep your legs straight
Explanation
Explanation:
Before assisting a patient to stand, placing a gait belt is essential. The gait belt provides a secure handhold to stabilize the patient, reduces the risk of falls, and allows the caregiver to safely guide and support the patient’s movements. Pulling on clothing or keeping legs straight does not provide proper support and may increase the risk of injury to both the patient and the caregiver.
Correct Answer:
Put gait belt on
Which positioning technique is advised to enhance stability and support during patient transfers?
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Feet together
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Feet shoulder-width apart
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One foot in front of the other
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Feet crossed
Explanation
Explanation:
During patient transfers, positioning the caregiver’s feet shoulder-width apart enhances stability and balance. This stance creates a strong base of support, allows controlled movements, and reduces the risk of strain or injury. Other positions, such as feet together, one foot in front of the other, or crossed feet, compromise stability and increase the likelihood of falls or musculoskeletal injuries during transfers.
Correct Answer:
Feet shoulder-width apart
When ambulating a patient using a gait belt, which of the following methods should a PCT employ?
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Hold the patient's hand bilaterally
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Walk directly behind the patient
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Grasp the gait belt with an underhand grip
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Secure the gait belt under the patient's axilla
Explanation
Explanation:
When using a gait belt to ambulate a patient, the proper technique is to grasp the belt with an underhand grip around the patient’s waist. This provides secure support, allows the caregiver to stabilize the patient’s balance, and reduces the risk of falls. Holding the belt under the axilla or using the patient’s hands is unsafe and may cause injury. Proper use ensures safety for both the patient and caregiver.
Correct Answer:
Grasp the gait belt with an underhand grip
What is the first action a healthcare worker should take following a needle stick injury?
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Apply a bandage to the wound
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Notify a supervisor
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Wash the affected area with soap and water
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Document the incident in the patient's chart
Explanation
Explanation:
The first action after a needle stick injury is to wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water. This immediate cleansing helps remove any potentially infectious material and reduces the risk of infection from bloodborne pathogens. After washing, the healthcare worker should notify a supervisor, follow institutional protocols for reporting and post-exposure management, and document the incident as required. Prompt action is critical for safety and infection control.
Correct Answer:
Wash the affected area with soap and water
Which of the following patient positions is primarily used to facilitate breathing and improve lung expansion?
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Supine
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Prone
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Fowler's
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Lateral
Explanation
Explanation:
The Fowler’s position, where the head of the bed is elevated between 30 and 90 degrees, is primarily used to facilitate breathing and improve lung expansion. This position helps reduce pressure on the diaphragm, promotes better oxygenation, and is commonly used for patients with respiratory difficulties. Other positions, such as supine or prone, do not optimize lung expansion in the same way.
Correct Answer:
Fowler's
Which of the following practices is essential for ensuring patient safety and comfort during repositioning?
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Repositioning quickly to minimize discomfort
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Using assistive devices and maintaining proper body alignment
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Encouraging the patient to reposition themselves independently
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Only using one caregiver for the repositioning process
Explanation
Explanation:
Using assistive devices and maintaining proper body alignment is essential to ensure patient safety and comfort during repositioning. Proper alignment prevents musculoskeletal strain, reduces the risk of injury, and supports patient comfort. Assistive devices, such as draw sheets or transfer boards, help caregivers move patients safely, particularly those who are immobile or have limited strength. Quick repositioning or using only one caregiver can compromise safety and increase the risk of injury.
Correct Answer:
Using assistive devices and maintaining proper body alignment
Some of the basic principles of proper body mechanics to be used in handling patients are:
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Keep the load close to body, have adequate BOS, maintain a neutral trunk- isometric contraction of trunk (not valsalva), lift with legs, avoid twisting
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Keep the load close to the body, keep the feet close together, maintain neutral trunk, lift with the legs, avoid twisting
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Keep the load close to the body, have an adequate BOS, maintain trunk in flexed position, lift with legs, rotate trunk towards direction you are moving
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Keep the load at arms distance to your body, have an adequate BOS, maintain neutral trunk- isometric contraction of trunk (not valsalva), lift with legs, avoid twisting
Explanation
Explanation:
Proper body mechanics are essential to prevent injury to both the nurse and the patient. Key principles include keeping the load close to the body, maintaining an adequate base of support (BOS), keeping the trunk neutral with isometric contraction rather than straining or performing a Valsalva maneuver, lifting with the legs instead of the back, and avoiding twisting during movement. These practices optimize stability and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries during patient handling.
Correct Answer:
Keep the load close to body, have adequate BOS, maintain a neutral trunk- isometric contraction of trunk (not valsalva), lift with legs, avoid twisting
A good base of support is needed for balance. Which of the following is a good base of support?
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Standing with feet at least 12 inches apart or shoulder-width apart.
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Standing with feet at least 24 inches apart or shoulder-width apart.
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Standing with feet at least 12 inches apart or hip-width apart
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Standing with feet at least 24 inches apart or hip-width apart.
Explanation
Explanation:
A good base of support is essential for maintaining balance and stability while performing tasks such as lifting or transferring patients. Standing with feet at least 12 inches apart or shoulder-width apart provides a stable stance, lowers the center of gravity, and distributes weight evenly. This reduces the risk of falls or injury and allows the caregiver to use proper body mechanics effectively.
Correct Answer:
Standing with feet at least 12 inches apart or shoulder-width apart.
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