D442 Basic Nursing Skills
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Free D442 Basic Nursing Skills Questions
Which of the following techniques is essential for ensuring safe patient lifting?
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Lift with your back straight and arms extended
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Use a wide stance and keep the patient at arm's length
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Bend at the knees and hips while keeping the patient close to your body
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Twist your torso to gain better leverage during the lift
Explanation
Explanation:
To ensure safe patient lifting, the nurse should bend at the knees and hips while keeping the patient close to the body. This technique allows the stronger leg muscles to bear the weight, reduces strain on the back, and maintains proper body mechanics. Lifting with the back straight and twisting the torso or keeping the patient at arm’s length increases the risk of musculoskeletal injury for the caregiver.
Correct Answer:
Bend at the knees and hips while keeping the patient close to your body
A nurse demonstrates passive range-of-motion exercises to a client who has reduced mobility. What is the appropriate statement for the nurse to make?
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"I will move your joints to the point of mild pain."
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"I will move your joints quickly."
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"I will repeat these movements 3 to 5 times."
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"These movements will be performed once per day."
Explanation
Explanation:
When performing passive range-of-motion (PROM) exercises, the nurse should move the patient’s joints slowly and gently, repeating the movements 3 to 5 times to maintain joint flexibility and circulation without causing discomfort or pain. The movements should not cause pain and should be performed gradually. Performing PROM exercises only once per day or moving joints quickly is not effective for maintaining mobility or preventing contractures.
Correct Answer:
"I will repeat these movements 3 to 5 times."
When using a sharps container:
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Store the sharps container within arms reach on the ground where it is out of harms way
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Always fill the sharps container to the top to reduce the number of sharps containers used.
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Because safety needles are retracted into the syringe or safety device, there is no need to place them into a sharps container
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When administering vaccines, keep the sharps container within arms reach at eye level.
Explanation
Explanation:
Sharps containers should be stored within arm’s reach and at a safe, stable location—typically on the ground or a flat surface—to ensure easy and safe disposal of needles and other sharp instruments. Overfilling or improper placement increases the risk of needle-stick injuries. Even safety-engineered devices should be disposed of in a sharps container. Proper placement and usage of sharps containers are essential for infection control and healthcare worker safety.
Correct Answer:
Store the sharps container within arms reach on the ground where it is out of harms way
What is the primary consideration when performing oral care for patients who are unable to perform the task independently?
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Ensuring the patient is seated upright to prevent aspiration
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Using flavored mouthwash to enhance the experience
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Performing oral care only once a day to minimize discomfort
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Rushing the process to complete care quickly
Explanation
Explanation:
When performing oral care for patients who cannot do it themselves, the primary consideration is preventing aspiration. Positioning the patient upright helps reduce the risk of fluids or oral secretions entering the airway, which could cause choking or respiratory complications. Other considerations, such as comfort or frequency, are important but secondary to safety. Rushing the process increases the risk of injury and incomplete oral hygiene.
Correct Answer:
Ensuring the patient is seated upright to prevent aspiration
Why is early ambulation encouraged for patients after surgery?
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It helps to improve circulation and reduce the risk of complications like pneumonia.
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It allows the patient to regain appetite more quickly
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It ensures that the patient can be discharged sooner.
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It minimizes the need for pain medication
Explanation
Explanation:
Early ambulation after surgery is encouraged because it improves circulation, promotes lung expansion, and reduces the risk of postoperative complications such as pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis, and constipation. Walking helps stimulate cardiovascular and respiratory function and supports overall recovery. While other benefits may occur, the primary purpose of early ambulation is to enhance physical recovery and prevent complications associated with immobility.
Correct Answer:
It helps to improve circulation and reduce the risk of complications like pneumonia.
What is the first action a nurse should take when encountering a patient suspected of poisoning?
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Administer activated charcoal immediately
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Assess the patient's vital signs and level of consciousness
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Contact poison control for guidance
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Perform a thorough physical examination
Explanation
Explanation:
The first action when a patient is suspected of poisoning is to assess the patient’s vital signs and level of consciousness. This initial assessment determines the patient’s stability and guides immediate life-saving interventions. While contacting poison control and providing treatments like activated charcoal are important, patient safety and monitoring come first to prevent deterioration or complications.
Correct Answer:
Assess the patient's vital signs and level of consciousness
Before attempting to lift the patient, the nurse considers the major purpose of maintaining the wide base of support is to provide:
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strength and mobility
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stability and balance
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comfort and ease
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stronger muscle group
Explanation
Explanation:
Maintaining a wide base of support (BOS) is essential for stability and balance when lifting or moving a patient. A wider BOS increases the area over which the body’s weight is distributed, lowering the risk of falls or injury. This principle allows the nurse to maintain control over the movement and effectively use proper body mechanics, reducing strain on muscles and joints while keeping both the patient and nurse safe.
Correct Answer:
stability and balance
What is a critical strategy for a nurse to prevent falls in elderly patients?
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Restricting patient mobility to reduce fall risk.
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Regularly assessing the environment and patient risk factors for falls.
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Ignoring minor falls as they are common in the elderly.
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Using restraints to keep high-risk patients in bed.
Explanation
Explanation:
A key strategy for fall prevention in elderly patients is regularly assessing both the environment and patient-specific risk factors. This proactive approach identifies hazards, such as slippery floors or inadequate lighting, and considers the patient’s mobility, medication effects, and medical conditions. Restricting mobility or using restraints may create additional risks, while ignoring falls fails to address preventable causes. Continuous assessment ensures targeted interventions to maintain patient safety.
Correct Answer:
Regularly assessing the environment and patient risk factors for falls.
Which of the following can a nurse do to prevent skin breakdown?
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Massage the client's bony prominences frequently.
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Keep the client in a high fowler's position while in bed.
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Have the client sit on a donut-shaped cushion.
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Encourage repositioning every 15 minutes while the client is in the wheel chair.
Explanation
Explanation:
Encouraging repositioning every 15 minutes while the client is in a wheelchair helps prevent prolonged pressure on bony prominences, which is a major cause of skin breakdown. Frequent movement improves circulation and reduces the risk of pressure ulcers. Massaging bony areas or keeping patients in high Fowler’s position can increase the risk of tissue damage, while donut-shaped cushions may create uneven pressure points and are not recommended for prolonged use.
Correct Answer:
Encourage repositioning every 15 minutes while the client is in the wheel chair
What is passive range of motion (PROM)?
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The nurse moves the joint through the range of motion for the patient
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The patient moves the joint through the range of motion independently
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The patient waits for the joint to move itself
Explanation
Explanation:
Passive range of motion (PROM) exercises involve the nurse or caregiver moving the patient’s joints through their normal range without any effort from the patient. PROM helps maintain joint flexibility, prevents stiffness, promotes circulation, and reduces the risk of contractures in patients who are unable to move independently. It is distinct from active range-of-motion exercises, where the patient performs the movement themselves.
Correct Answer:
The nurse moves the joint through the range of motion for the patient
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