ATI TEAS Version 7 - Science
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Free ATI TEAS Version 7 - Science Questions
Where is the scapula in relation to the olecranon?
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Distal
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Lateral
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Ventral
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Superior
Explanation
The scapula (shoulder blade) is located in the upper back, while the olecranon is the bony prominence of the elbow at the end of the ulna. Since the scapula is higher up on the body than the olecranon, it is described as superior in relation to it. “Superior” means above or higher in position.
Which of the following cellular processes produces gametes?
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Glycogenesis
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Apoptosis
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Meiosis
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Mitosis
Explanation
Explanation:
Gametes are reproductive cells—sperm in males and eggs in females—that carry half the number of chromosomes of a typical body cell. Meiosis is the specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing haploid gametes. Mitosis, in contrast, produces genetically identical diploid cells for growth and repair. Glycogenesis is a metabolic process that synthesizes glycogen from glucose, and apoptosis is programmed cell death, neither of which produces gametes.
Correct answer:
Meiosis
Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions by ________.
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Lowering the potential energy of the products
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Separating inhibitors from products
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Forming a complex with the products
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Lowering the activation energy of the reaction
Explanation
Enzymes function as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. They do this by lowering the activation energy, which is the minimum amount of energy required for reactants to form products. By binding to substrates at their active site, enzymes stabilize the transition state and allow reactions to occur more rapidly under normal body conditions.
Which of the following types of cells are most similar in function to cytotoxic T-cells?
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B cells
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Natural killer cells
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Dendritic cells
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Antigen-presenting cells
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
B
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. B cells — B cells function primarily by producing antibodies as part of the humoral immune response, rather than directly killing target cells.
C. Dendritic cells — Dendritic cells function mainly as antigen-presenting cells that activate other immune cells, rather than directly destroying infected cells.
D. Antigen-presenting cells — This is a general functional category (which includes dendritic cells) focused on displaying antigens to activate immune responses, not on directly killing cells like cytotoxic T-cells do.
Which of the following is a function of bone
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Production of otoliths
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Detoxification of alcohol
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Storage of minerals
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Secretion of hormones
Explanation
Correct Answer C. Storage of minerals
Explanation:
Bones serve as a major storage site for minerals, especially calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for various bodily functions like muscle contraction and nerve signaling. Bones release these minerals into the bloodstream as needed to maintain homeostasis.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
A. Production of otoliths
Otoliths are calcium carbonate structures found in the inner ear, not produced by bones.
B. Detoxification of alcohol
The liver is responsible for alcohol detoxification, not bones.
D. Secretion of hormones
While bones produce some hormones (like osteocalcin), their primary functions are structural and mineral storage. Secretion of hormones is mainly the role of endocrine glands.
Which of the following is an example of the adhesive property of water?
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Water and oil separate into two distinct layers.
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Raindrops stick to the outside of a window.
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Water molecules support the weight of a small insect.
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Small water droplets cling together to make one large water droplet.
Explanation
Correct Answer:
Raindrops stick to the outside of a window.
Explanation:
Adhesion refers to the attraction between water molecules and other types of surfaces. When raindrops stick to a window, they are demonstrating adhesion because they are clinging to a non-water surface — glass. This interaction shows water’s ability to form bonds with materials other than itself.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Water and oil separate into two distinct layers.
This demonstrates immiscibility and differences in polarity, not adhesion. The substances don’t mix due to molecular differences, not water sticking to something else.
Water molecules support the weight of a small insect.
This is an example of surface tension, a result of cohesion between water molecules, not adhesion to another surface.
Small water droplets cling together to make one large water droplet.
This shows cohesion, where water molecules attract each other, not a surface outside of water.
The pharynx is largely made of which of the following types of tissues?
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Bone
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Nervous
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Muscle
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Skin
Explanation
Correct Answer: (C) Muscle The pharynx is composed primarily of skeletal muscle, which allows it to contract and relax to facilitate swallowing (peristalsis) and move food from the mouth toward the esophagus.
Why Other Options are Incorrect:
A. Bone — The pharynx is a muscular tube and does not contain bone tissue as its primary structural component.
B. Nervous — While nerves innervate the pharynx to coordinate swallowing, nervous tissue is not what the structure itself is largely made of.
D. Skin — Skin (epithelial) tissue lines body surfaces externally, but the bulk of the pharynx's structure is muscular, not skin.
A researcher is investigating solubility and uses a scale in grams per cubic meter (g/m³). During the analysis, they realize their data needs to be presented in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). What step should the researcher take to accurately convert their solubility values?
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Divide by 1,000
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Multiply by 1,000
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Divide by 10
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Multiply by 10
Explanation
Explanation:
One kilogram is equal to 1,000 grams. When converting a value from grams to kilograms, the number must be divided by 1,000 because kilograms are a larger unit. Since the volume unit (m³) remains the same, only the mass unit needs conversion. Therefore, each value measured in g/m³ should be divided by 1,000 to obtain the correct value in kg/m³.
Correct answer:
Divide by 1,000
What is the relationship between viruses and their host cells during replication?
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Viruses use the host’s replication processes to produce progeny virus particles.
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Viruses divide inside the host cell to produce progeny virus particles.
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Viruses have their own replication processes and do not need the host cell.
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Viruses infect the host cell and destroy it completely.
Explanation
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, meaning they cannot reproduce on their own. Instead, they hijack the host cell’s machinery—including enzymes, ribosomes, and nucleotides—to replicate their genetic material and synthesize viral proteins. These components assemble into new virus particles, which are then released to infect other cells.
Which of the following is another term for muscle cell?
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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
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Muscle Fiber
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Sarcolemma
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Myofilament
Explanation
A muscle fiber is another term for a muscle cell. Muscle fibers are long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells that make up skeletal muscles. They contain specialized structures such as myofibrils (which are responsible for contraction), a sarcolemma (the cell membrane), and sarcoplasm (the cytoplasm). Each muscle fiber functions as a single cell capable of contraction in response to nervous stimulation.
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