ATI 306 Summer 26 Exam 2_v.2
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Free ATI 306 Summer 26 Exam 2_v.2 Questions
A nurse is discussing types of communication styles with a group of staff nurses. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
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Assertive communicators communicate resentment in secretive ways.
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Passive communicators communicate clearly and honestly.
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Assertive communicators are confident in their communications.
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Passive communicators become hostile when they are challenged.
Explanation
Assertive communication involves expressing thoughts, feelings, and needs in a direct, honest, and confident manner while respecting the rights of others. This style promotes clear understanding and effective collaboration.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. Assertive communicators communicate resentment in secretive ways — This describes passive-aggressive communication, not assertive communication.
B. Passive communicators communicate clearly and honestly — Passive communicators often avoid expressing their true thoughts and feelings, leading to unclear or indirect communication rather than clear and honest expression.
D. Passive communicators become hostile when they are challenged — This describes aggressive communication, not passive communication, which is typically characterized by avoidance and difficulty asserting oneself.
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Ask the client to place their feet on the floor and stand.
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Ask the client to sit on the edge of the bed for 2 min.
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Ask the client to stand for 5 seconds.
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Ask the client to march in place.
Explanation
Correct Answer:
(B) Ask the client to sit on the edge of the bed for 2 min. Beginning a mobility assessment with the client sitting at the edge of the bed for a brief period allows the nurse to evaluate the client's tolerance to this initial position change and monitor for orthostatic symptoms like dizziness before progressing to more challenging activities such as standing or walking, following a safe, stepwise approach.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. Ask the client to place their feet on the floor and stand. Standing should occur only after the client has first tolerated sitting, to safely progress through the mobility assessment sequence.
C. Ask the client to stand for 5 seconds. Standing is a later step in the assessment sequence and should not be attempted before first confirming the client tolerates sitting.
D. Ask the client to march in place. This is a more advanced mobility task that should only be attempted after the client has successfully progressed through sitting and standing safely.
A nurse is reviewing the five levels of communication. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as describing emotional communication?
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It refers to the receiver's state of emotions when hearing a message.
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It includes the body's bioelectric energy and its effect on health.
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It refers to the speaker's state of emotions when sending a message.
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It includes hearing or cognitive deficits that can affect how a message is received.
Explanation
Emotional communication is one of the five levels of communication and refers to the emotional state of the speaker at the time a message is sent, as emotions can significantly influence how the message is conveyed and interpreted.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. It refers to the receiver's state of emotions when hearing a message — This describes the emotional context on the receiving end, which is not how emotional communication is defined in this framework.
B. It includes the body's bioelectric energy and its effect on health — This describes a physical or energy-based level of communication, not emotional communication.
D. It includes hearing or cognitive deficits that can affect how a message is received — This describes physical or perceptual barriers to communication, not emotional communication.
A nurse is preparing a presentation on heart health at a community center for a group of clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to facilitate learning?
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Turn down the lighting prior to presenting the information.
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Articulate wording at a slow, comfortable pace.
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Use complicated medical terminology.
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Allow background music to play while presenting.
Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Articulate wording at a slow, comfortable pace. Speaking at a slow, comfortable pace helps ensure clients can follow, process, and retain the information being presented, which is especially important for a community group with varying educational and health literacy levels.
Why Other Options are Incorrect:
A. Turn down the lighting prior to presenting the information. Dim lighting can reduce visibility and engagement, and may even promote drowsiness, making it harder for clients to stay focused and actively learn.
C. Use complicated medical terminology. Complex medical terminology can create barriers to understanding for clients without a healthcare background; the nurse should use plain, accessible language instead.
D. Allow background music to play while presenting. Background music can be distracting and interfere with the clients' ability to concentrate on and absorb the presented information.
A nurse is teaching a class about pain management in older adult clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
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Older adult clients do not feel pain.
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Older adult clients frequently underreport pain.
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Clients who are cognitively impaired do not feel pain.
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Opioids should never be used in older adult clients.
Explanation
Older adults often underreport pain due to factors such as the belief that pain is a normal part of aging, fear of becoming a burden, concern about addiction, or a desire to appear stoic. Nurses must assess for pain proactively rather than relying solely on client self-report.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. Older adult clients do not feel pain — This is false; older adults do experience pain, though physiological changes may alter how pain is perceived or expressed.
C. Clients who are cognitively impaired do not feel pain — Cognitively impaired clients still experience pain, though they may be unable to verbally report it, requiring the nurse to use nonverbal pain assessment tools.
D. Opioids should never be used in older adult clients — Opioids can be used safely in older adults when appropriately dosed and monitored; they should not be withheld solely based on age.
A nurse in a pediatric unit is planning care for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to use the Crying, Requires oxygen, Increased vital signs, Expression, Sleeplessness (CRIES) pain scale?
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A 5-year-old preschooler who had a tonsillectomy
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A 4-day-old infant who had a repair of a birth defect
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A 13-year-old client who had an appendectomy
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A 5-year-old toddler who has a broken elbow
Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) A 4-day-old infant who had a repair of a birth defect. The CRIES pain scale is specifically designed and validated for assessing postoperative pain in neonates, making it the appropriate tool for this 4-day-old infant recovering from surgical repair.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. A 5-year-old preschooler who had a tonsillectomy. Preschool-age children require a different age-appropriate pain scale, such as the FACES pain scale, rather than the CRIES scale, which is designed for neonates.
C. A 13-year-old client who had an appendectomy. Adolescents can typically use a numeric pain rating scale to self-report pain, making the neonatal CRIES scale inappropriate for this age group.
D. A 5-year-old toddler who has a broken elbow. This age group would use a scale designed for young children, such as the FACES scale, rather than the CRIES scale intended for neonates.
A nurse is assessing a client who is nonverbal for acute pain. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of pain?
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Smiling
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Decreased heart rate
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Elevated blood pressure
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Reduced respiratory rate
Explanation
Acute pain activates the sympathetic nervous system, which triggers a stress response that can result in physiological changes such as elevated blood pressure, increased heart rate, and increased respiratory rate. These objective findings are important indicators of pain in a nonverbal client.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. Smiling — Smiling is not a typical manifestation of pain; nonverbal clients in pain are more likely to display grimacing, frowning, or clenched facial expressions.
B. Decreased heart rate — Pain typically causes an increased, not decreased, heart rate due to sympathetic nervous system activation.
D. Reduced respiratory rate — Pain typically causes an increased, not reduced, respiratory rate as part of the body's stress response.
A nurse is teaching a client about a polysomnography test. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
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This test is performed over two weeks.
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This test measures body movements during sleep.
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This test can be performed at home, without medical oversight.
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This test measures brain activity during daytime naps.
Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) This test measures body movements during sleep. Polysomnography is a comprehensive sleep study that monitors multiple physiological parameters during nighttime sleep, including body movements, along with brain waves, oxygen levels, heart rate, and breathing patterns, to diagnose sleep disorders.
Why Other Options are Incorrect:
A. This test is performed over two weeks. Polysomnography is typically conducted during a single overnight session, not over an extended two-week period.
C. This test can be performed at home, without medical oversight. Standard polysomnography is conducted in a sleep lab under professional supervision and monitoring, not independently at home without oversight, although some limited home sleep studies exist, they differ from full polysomnography.
D. This test measures brain activity during daytime naps. Polysomnography primarily measures physiological activity during nighttime sleep, not specifically during daytime naps.
A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral neuropathy. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
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Increased sensation in hands and feet
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Tingling, numbness, or burning sensation in feet
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Increased ability to detect temperature
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Hyperreflexia
Explanation
Correct Answer: (B) Tingling, numbness, or burning sensation in feet. Peripheral neuropathy involves damage to peripheral nerves, commonly resulting in abnormal sensory symptoms such as tingling, numbness, or burning, typically beginning in the feet and following a characteristic pattern of nerve involvement.
Why Other Options are Incorrect:
A. Increased sensation in hands and feet. Peripheral neuropathy typically causes decreased, not increased, sensation due to nerve damage impairing normal sensory transmission.
C. Increased ability to detect temperature. Nerve damage in peripheral neuropathy impairs, rather than enhances, the ability to detect temperature changes, increasing the client's risk for burns or injury.
D. Hyperreflexia. Peripheral neuropathy is more commonly associated with diminished or absent reflexes, not hyperreflexia, due to impaired nerve conduction.
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about ethical principles. Which of the following is an example of autonomy?
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A nurse fulfills a promise to a client that they will return with their pain medication.
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A nurse administers a scheduled pain medication for a client who is having pain.
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A nurse provides nonpharmacological pain interventions to each client equally.
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A nurse gives a client the choice of when to take a pain medication.
Explanation
Autonomy refers to a client's right to make their own decisions regarding their care. Allowing a client to choose when to take their pain medication respects their independence and supports their right to self-determination in their treatment.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. A nurse fulfills a promise to a client that they will return with their pain medication — This is an example of fidelity, which involves keeping promises and being faithful to commitments made to clients.
B. A nurse administers a scheduled pain medication for a client who is having pain — This reflects beneficence, the principle of acting in the best interest of the client to promote their wellbeing.
C. A nurse provides nonpharmacological pain interventions to each client equally — This is an example of justice, which involves treating all clients fairly and equally.
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