RN Community Health

Correct Answer: I will remind my partner to use a walker when moving around in the house.

Explanation of the correct answer:

 I will remind my partner to use a walker when moving around in the house.

Using a walker is an essential part of postoperative care following a total hip arthroplasty (THA). It helps the client maintain balance and stability while moving, reducing the risk of falls and injury. The walker also supports proper weight-bearing on the affected leg and helps prevent complications like dislocation. This statement indicates that the partner understands the importance of mobility aids for safety and recovery.

Why the other options are incorrect:

 I will let my partner skip exercises on days when the pain is increased.

This statement is incorrect because postoperative exercises are crucial for the recovery of joint mobility and muscle strength after hip surgery. While it is important to manage pain, skipping exercises may lead to muscle weakness and reduced joint mobility, potentially impeding recovery. Pain management strategies should be used to allow for consistent participation in the prescribed exercise regimen, rather than skipping them altogether.

 I will inspect the incision site every other day.

This statement is not correct because the incision site should be inspected daily, not every other day, to monitor for signs of infection or complications such as increased redness, warmth, or drainage. Early detection of infection is vital for preventing further issues and ensuring proper healing.

 I will place a heating pad at the incision site to help manage pain.

This statement is incorrect because heat should not be applied directly to the incision site immediately after surgery. Applying heat can increase the risk of infection and interfere with proper wound healing. Typically, cold therapy (e.g., ice packs) is used in the early postoperative phase to reduce swelling and pain. Heat can be used later in the recovery phase, but not directly on the incision.

Summary:

 I will remind my partner to use a walker when moving around in the house is the correct response, as it demonstrates an understanding of the importance of using mobility aids for safety and recovery after total hip arthroplasty. The other options either involve incorrect practices or misunderstandings about pain management and wound care.

Correct Answer: Collect data to identify barriers to learning

Explanation:

Collect data to identify barriers to learning

The first step in planning an effective educational program is to collect data on the target audience. This allows the nurse to understand barriers to learning such as cultural beliefs, socioeconomic factors, language differences, or previous knowledge gaps. By identifying these barriers, the nurse can tailor the program to be more relevant and accessible to the adolescents, ensuring better engagement and learning outcomes.

Why the other options are incorrect:

Establish methods to evaluate program outcomes

While evaluating program outcomes is essential, it comes after the program has been planned and implemented. The first step is to understand the needs and barriers of the adolescents, which will inform how the program is designed and how outcomes should be measured.

 Obtain visual aids that feature adolescents

Using appropriate visual aids is important to ensure the materials are engaging for the target audience. However, this should come after identifying the learning barriers. The visual aids need to be part of a strategy based on the audience's needs, not just an initial step.

 Provide computer-based education

Computer-based education can be an effective tool, especially for adolescents. However, it should be introduced only after understanding the barriers to learning and assessing the most effective delivery methods. For example, some adolescents may not have access to computers or prefer interactive sessions.

Summary:

The first action the nurse should take is to collect data to identify barriers to learning. This will provide valuable insights into how to tailor the program to the specific needs of the adolescents, which is crucial for ensuring the effectiveness of the educational initiative. The other steps, while important, follow after understanding the barriers and needs of the audience.

Correct Answer is: Chlamydia

Explanation:

 Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a reportable infection that must be reported to the state health department. Public health surveillance systems require the reporting of certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including chlamydia, to monitor trends and implement effective prevention and control measures. Timely reporting allows health authorities to track and respond to outbreaks or rising infection rates.

Why the other options are incorrect:

Herpes simplex virus

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is generally not a reportable infection at the state or national level unless there is an outbreak or unusual circumstances (e.g., in a healthcare setting). HSV is prevalent in the general population, and while it is important to educate and treat individuals, it is not typically included in mandatory reporting for public health surveillance.

Group B Streptococcus B hemolytic

While Group B Streptococcus (GBS) can cause infections in newborns and is significant in certain populations, it is generally not reportable to the state health department unless it is part of a larger outbreak or involves invasive disease in certain high-risk groups, such as pregnant women or newborns. Reporting requirements can vary by state.

Human papillomavirus

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is not typically reportable to the state health department. HPV is the most common STI and often resolves without intervention. However, HPV is linked to certain cancers, so monitoring and prevention through vaccination programs are encouraged. Still, it is not a reportable infection in the way chlamydia or other STIs are

Summary:

The nurse should report chlamydia to the state health department, as it is a reportable infection that is essential for public health surveillance. The other infections, while significant in their clinical impact, are not universally reportable unless specific circumstances warrant it.

Correct Answer: The presence of community members smoking.

Explanation:

Individual lifestyle choices refer to behaviors that individuals in the community engage in that directly affect their health. Smoking is a lifestyle behavior that has a significant impact on health and is a choice made by individuals. The nurse would identify this behavior as part of the community’s lifestyle choices, which can affect the overall health of the population.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

The presence of high-speed internet.

The presence of high-speed internet is more related to infrastructure and access to technology rather than individual lifestyle choices. While access to the internet may influence some health behaviors (such as online health resources), it is not an individual lifestyle behavior in and of itself.

The presence of a manufacturing facility.

The presence of a manufacturing facility is an environmental factor that may affect community health (e.g., air quality, occupational health risks) but is not an individual lifestyle choice. It pertains more to the work environment and industrial influences on the community.

The presence of a community health clinic.

The presence of a community health clinic is related to healthcare access and does not represent an individual lifestyle choice. While the clinic may offer services that promote healthy behaviors, the clinic itself is a community resource rather than a personal behavior.

Summary:

The correct answer is The presence of community members smoking, as smoking is an individual lifestyle choice that directly affects the health of those who engage in it. The other options focus on environmental or infrastructural factors rather than personal health behaviors.

Correct Answer:The nurse has to conduct community diagnosis to determine nursing needs and problems.

Explanation:

 The nurse has to conduct community diagnosis to determine nursing needs and problems.

Community-based practice in community health nursing (CHN) involves understanding the health needs of the community. Conducting a community diagnosis is an essential step in identifying the key health issues and nursing needs within the community. This allows the nurse to assess health priorities, gather data about health concerns, and identify interventions that are most relevant and needed by the community.

Why the other options are incorrect:

The service is provided in the natural environment of people.

While this is true for CHN, it does not directly explain the concept of "community-based practice." The focus of community-based practice involves assessing and identifying community health needs, not simply providing services in natural environments.

The services are based on the available resources within the community.

Utilizing community resources is indeed a vital aspect of community health nursing; however, the focus is on diagnosing and addressing the health needs within the community before identifying how to use the resources. This makes "conducting a community diagnosis" a more direct explanation of CHN as a community-based practice.

Priority setting is based on the magnitude of the health problems identified.

Although priority setting based on the magnitude of health problems is important, it follows after the community diagnosis. The primary goal is to first identify the nursing needs and health issues, which is best achieved through community diagnosis.

Summary:

The best explanation of community-based practice in CHN is that it requires a nurse to conduct a community diagnosis to determine the nursing needs and problems in the community. This process helps tailor interventions that are both relevant and effective in improving community health outcomes.

Correct Answer:Double bag soiled dressing in polyethylene bags

Explanation:

Double bag soiled dressing in polyethylene bags

When caring for a client with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), contact precautions are essential. This includes proper handling and disposal of soiled materials such as dressings to prevent cross-contamination. Double bagging is a method to safely dispose of soiled items, ensuring that contaminated materials are securely contained and that there is no risk of exposure to others during the disposal process. This is particularly important in home care settings where direct supervision of disposal procedures may be limited.

Why the other options are incorrect:

Remove fresh flowers from the client's home

While fresh flowers may harbor bacteria, the most critical action to prevent MRSA transmission is to focus on contact precautions and proper handling of potentially contaminated items like soiled dressings. Removing flowers is not as immediately impactful for preventing the spread of MRSA as ensuring proper disposal of contaminated materials.

Wear a mask when within 3 feet of the client

MRSA is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected body fluids or contaminated surfaces, not through airborne transmission. Wearing a mask is generally unnecessary for MRSA unless there is a specific concern for respiratory involvement. The focus should be on wearing gloves, gowns, and using contact precautions.

Encourage the client to use a HEPA filter in the house

HEPA filters are typically used to filter out airborne particles like dust or allergens. While they may be helpful for other conditions, they do not specifically help prevent the spread of MRSA, which is transmitted through contact rather than airborne routes. The emphasis for MRSA control is on direct contact precautions.

Summary:

For clients with MRSA, the primary concern is preventing the spread through direct contact. Therefore, double bagging soiled dressings is the correct action to take in this scenario to ensure proper containment and disposal of potentially contaminated materials.

Correct Answer: Caffeinated beverages should be replaced with caffeine-free beverages.

Explanation 

Caffeinated beverages should be replaced with caffeine-free beverages. Pregnant adolescents, like all pregnant individuals, should limit their caffeine intake due to the potential risks caffeine poses to the developing fetus, such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and developmental delays. Replacing caffeinated beverages with caffeine-free options can help ensure healthier outcomes for both the adolescent mother and the baby. This guidance is crucial for promoting overall well-being during pregnancy.

Why the other options are incorrect:

The need for supplemental folic acid is greatest during the third trimester. Folic acid is most critical during the early stages of pregnancy, particularly in the first trimester, to prevent neural tube defects. While folic acid is still important throughout pregnancy, the greatest need occurs in the early stages, not in the third trimester. Therefore, this statement is inaccurate.

The incidence of high birth weight in infants is higher in adolescent pregnancy. Adolescent pregnancies are generally associated with a higher risk of delivering infants with low birth weight, rather than high birth weight. This is due to factors such as poor prenatal care, nutritional deficiencies, and the mother's still-developing body. As such, this statement is incorrect.

Pregnant adolescents need to gain less weight than adult mothers. Pregnant adolescents typically need to gain more weight than adult mothers, as they are still growing themselves. Weight gain recommendations for adolescent pregnancies are higher to support both fetal development and the adolescent's growth. Therefore, this statement is also incorrect.

Summary:

 Caffeinated beverages should be replaced with caffeine-free beverages is the correct advice for pregnant adolescents. It helps reduce the risk of complications associated with caffeine consumption and promotes a healthier pregnancy.

Correct Answer: The circulation supervisor at the library is concerned about the amount of air pollution coming from the town's industrial corridor.

Explanation of the correct answer:

 The circulation supervisor at the library is concerned about the amount of air pollution coming from the town's industrial corridor.

This statement violates confidentiality because it includes personal, identifiable information about a specific individual (the circulation supervisor) and their concern regarding air pollution. In a professional setting, it's important to maintain confidentiality by not disclosing concerns or statements made by identifiable individuals without proper consent. The focus should be on broader community data and issues rather than individual concerns that can identify specific people.

Why the other options are incorrect:

 Records indicate that several pesticides have been entering the local streams, causing significant water pollution.

This statement is appropriate because it refers to environmental data regarding water pollution and does not involve confidential personal information. It discusses public health concerns that are not linked to any specific individual.

According to the latest research, the infant mortality ratio is 6.7 per 1,000 live births in this community.

This statement is appropriate because it presents general community health data and does not involve any personal or confidential information. Public health data, when presented in aggregate form, is not a breach of confidentiality.

Residents near Cherry Street Substation have a mortality rate of 29.6% from brain tumors compared to the citywide rate of 9.2%.

This is an appropriate statement as it refers to aggregate health data about a specific geographical area, and it does not identify individual community members. Public health data, when anonymized, does not breach confidentiality.

Summary

The statement in option D is the one that violates confidentiality by disclosing a specific individual’s concern. The other options provide general, anonymized community health information, which is appropriate for sharing in a public health context.

Correct Answer: Determine the incidence rate.

Explanation of the correct answer:

Determine the incidence rate.

The first step in identifying and managing a potential outbreak is to confirm whether an outbreak is indeed occurring. The nurse needs to gather data on the number of reported cases, which will help determine the extent of the problem. By determining the incidence rate, the nurse can assess whether the number of cases exceeds the expected rate for the community, thereby confirming the outbreak and guiding further actions.

Why the other options are incorrect:

Educate the community about disease transmission.

While educating the community about disease transmission is important, it is not the first step in addressing a potential outbreak. Education should follow the initial steps of confirming the outbreak and identifying those affected. Without understanding the scale of the issue, education efforts may not be appropriately targeted.

Institute prophylactic treatment.

Prophylactic treatment can be an important step in controlling an outbreak, but it should not be implemented until the outbreak is confirmed. Administering treatment prematurely can result in unnecessary interventions and may not be effective if the outbreak is not widespread.

 Discuss treatment plans with the clients' families.

Treatment planning is important but should follow the confirmation of the outbreak. Before discussing treatment plans with families, the nurse must verify the extent of the outbreak and gather the necessary information to provide accurate and effective recommendations.

Summary:

 Determine the incidence rate is the first action the nurse should take to confirm whether an outbreak of scabies is occurring. This step allows the nurse to assess the scope of the issue and make informed decisions about subsequent interventions, such as education, treatment, and prophylaxis.