C952 Computer Architecture
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Free C952 Computer Architecture Questions
What is the primary function of the CMOS battery in a computer system?
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To provide power to the CPU during operation
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To maintain the system clock and BIOS settings when the computer is off
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To store temporary data for running applications
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To power the hard drive during data retrieval
Explanation
Explanation:
The CMOS battery provides power to the CMOS chip on the motherboard, which stores the system clock and BIOS settings even when the computer is powered off. This ensures that essential configuration information, such as boot order, date, and time, is preserved between system reboots or complete power loss. Without a functioning CMOS battery, these settings would reset to defaults each time the system is powered off.
Correct Answer:
To maintain the system clock and BIOS settings when the computer is off
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
To provide power to the CPU during operation is incorrect because the CPU receives power directly from the PSU during operation, not from the CMOS battery.
To store temporary data for running applications is incorrect because application data is stored in RAM, not the CMOS.
To power the hard drive during data retrieval is incorrect because hard drives are powered by the main system power supply, not the CMOS battery.
A common connector type that connects the motherboard to the power supply unit (PSU) and provides power to the motherboard and its components.
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Front Panel Connectors
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ATX Power Connector (24-pin)
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Molex connector
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P4 Connector
Explanation
Explanation:
The ATX Power Connector (24-pin) is the standard connector used to supply power from the PSU to the motherboard. It delivers the necessary voltages for the CPU, memory, chipset, and other motherboard components, enabling the system to operate. This connector ensures stable power distribution across the board, making it an essential interface for system functionality. Other connectors, like Molex or P4, provide power to specific devices or CPUs but do not supply the entire motherboard like the 24-pin ATX connector.
Correct Answer:
ATX Power Connector (24-pin)
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Front Panel Connectors is incorrect because these connectors provide signals for buttons, LEDs, and front I/O ports, not power to the motherboard.
Molex connector is incorrect because Molex connectors supply power to peripheral devices like older hard drives and optical drives, not the motherboard itself.
P4 Connector is incorrect because the P4 connector (4-pin or 8-pin CPU power connector) supplies additional power specifically to the CPU, not the entire motherboard.
Which of the following is a general-purpose server-side scripting language designed for web development?
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Apache
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Version
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PHP
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SQL
Explanation
Explanation:
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely-used, general-purpose server-side scripting language designed for web development. It enables developers to create dynamic web pages and interact with databases by embedding scripts directly within HTML. PHP scripts are executed on the server, generating HTML content that is sent to the client’s browser. It is especially known for its simplicity, flexibility, and broad support in web applications and content management systems.
Correct Answer:
PHP
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Apache is incorrect because Apache is a web server software, not a scripting language.
Version is incorrect because it is not a recognized programming or scripting language; it is unrelated to server-side web development.
SQL is incorrect because SQL is a query language used for database management and not a general-purpose server-side scripting language.
What role does the CPU socket play in a computer system?
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It connects the CPU to the motherboard and defines compatibility with specific CPU types.
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It stores temporary data for the CPU during processing.
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It manages power distribution to the CPU.
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It serves as a cooling mechanism for the CPU.
Explanation
Explanation:
The CPU socket is the physical interface on the motherboard that connects the processor to the system. It ensures proper alignment and electrical contact between the CPU pins or pads and the motherboard circuitry. The socket also defines compatibility with specific CPU types, including factors such as pin layout, supported voltages, and chipset features. Without the correct socket, a CPU cannot function in the system, making it essential for proper processor integration.
Correct Answer:
It connects the CPU to the motherboard and defines compatibility with specific CPU types.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
It stores temporary data for the CPU during processing is incorrect because temporary data storage is handled by CPU registers, caches, and main memory, not the socket.
It manages power distribution to the CPU is incorrect because power regulation is managed by the motherboard’s voltage regulators and power delivery circuits, not by the CPU socket itself.
It serves as a cooling mechanism for the CPU is incorrect because cooling is provided by heat sinks, fans, or liquid cooling systems; the socket only provides mechanical and electrical connections
Which register is populated with the reason for an exception in LEGv8 architecture?
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FSUBS
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FADDS
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ESR
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RAID
Explanation
Explanation:
In LEGv8 architecture, the Exception Syndrome Register (ESR) is used to store information about the cause of an exception.
When an exception occurs, the processor automatically populates the ESR with a code that identifies the type of exception, such as an illegal instruction, memory access violation, or system call. This allows the operating system or exception handler to determine the appropriate response and take corrective actions based on the exception type.
Correct Answer:
ESR
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
FSUBS is incorrect because this is a floating-point subtraction instruction, not a register for storing exception information. It performs arithmetic operations and has no role in exception handling.
FADDS is incorrect because this is a floating-point addition instruction and does not store exception information. It is unrelated to handling exceptions in the processor.
RAID is incorrect because RAID typically refers to a storage configuration (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) and is not a processor register in LEGv8 architecture.
Which processor architecture is designed to handle operations with large amounts of parallelism?
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Vector SISD
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Vector
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Scalar Uniprocessor
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SISD
Explanation
Explanation:
Vector processor architectures are designed to handle large amounts of parallelism by performing the same operation on multiple data elements simultaneously. These architectures use vector registers and specialized functional units to process long data arrays efficiently, making them ideal for scientific computing, graphics, and other data-parallel applications. By exploiting data-level parallelism, vector processors can significantly accelerate workloads that involve repetitive operations on large datasets.
Correct Answer:
Vector
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Vector SISD is incorrect because SISD (Single Instruction, Single Data) executes one instruction on a single data element at a time, which does not support high parallelism despite being a vector implementation.
Scalar Uniprocessor is incorrect because scalar uniprocessors handle one instruction and one data element per cycle, offering minimal parallelism compared to vector architectures.
SISD is incorrect because it describes the most basic sequential execution model, processing one instruction on one data element at a time, and is not suitable for large-scale parallel operations.
What is an advantage of implementing cloud computing?
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It offers scheduled scaling
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It provides local hosting
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It provides automatic scaling
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It offers additional services
Explanation
Explanation:
One of the major advantages of cloud computing is automatic scaling, which allows cloud resources to dynamically adjust to changing workloads without manual intervention. When demand increases, additional computational resources are allocated automatically; when demand decreases, resources are scaled down, optimizing cost and performance. This flexibility ensures that applications maintain performance under varying loads while minimizing resource wastage and administrative overhead.
Correct Answer:
It provides automatic scaling
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
It offers scheduled scaling is incorrect because scheduled scaling requires pre-defined adjustments rather than dynamically responding to real-time demand, which is less efficient than automatic scaling.
It provides local hosting is incorrect because cloud computing typically involves remote hosting in data centers, not local on-premises hosting.
It offers additional services is incorrect because while cloud platforms provide various services, the primary performance advantage for scalability and resource management comes from automatic scaling, not simply additional services.
How can a system designer lower the cost of communicating at a high clock rate over the network?
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Increase the network latency
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Implement a fully connected network
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Reduce the distance of each link
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Extend the length of the wires
Explanation
Explanation:
Reducing the distance of each link is an effective way to lower the cost and improve the reliability of high-speed communication in a network. Shorter links reduce signal degradation, require less driving power, and can operate at higher clock rates without introducing errors. This approach minimizes the need for expensive repeaters, amplifiers, or complex signaling techniques, making high-speed network communication more cost-effective and efficient.
Correct Answer:
Reduce the distance of each link
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Increase the network latency is incorrect because increasing latency slows down communication and does not reduce cost; it worsens performance rather than addressing the high clock rate challenge.
Implement a fully connected network is incorrect because fully connected networks require a large number of links and switches, which significantly increases cost rather than lowering it.
Extend the length of the wires is incorrect because longer wires increase signal attenuation and timing issues, making it harder to maintain high clock rates and requiring more expensive hardware solutions.
Which processor should be selected to improve performance for executing the same instruction based on the average steps required?
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Processor 4
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Processor 3
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Processor 2
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Processor 1
Explanation
Explanation:
When evaluating processors based on executing the same instruction, the key factor is the average number of steps or clock cycles required per instruction. The processor that requires the fewest steps on average will complete instructions faster, improving performance regardless of clock frequency. Selecting the processor with the lowest average steps per instruction ensures that each instruction completes efficiently, optimizing overall program execution time.
Correct Answer:
Processor 2
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Processor 4 is incorrect if it requires more average steps per instruction, which would result in slower execution compared to a processor with fewer steps.
Processor 3 is incorrect because its higher average instruction steps mean it takes longer to complete the same instruction, reducing performance.
Processor 1 is incorrect if it requires more average steps than Processor 2; even with a high clock frequency, more steps per instruction can negate the potential speed advantage.
What is the primary function of the Memory Address Register (MAR) in a computer system?
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To store the data being processed by the CPU
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To hold the memory address of the data or instruction currently being accessed
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To manage the flow of data between the CPU and peripheral devices
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To cache frequently accessed memory addresses for faster retrieval
Explanation
Explanation:
The Memory Address Register (MAR) holds the address in memory of the data or instruction that the CPU needs to access. During memory read or write operations, the MAR provides the location in main memory where the data is to be read from or written to. It does not store the actual data itself (which is handled by the Memory Data Register) and does not cache memory addresses; its role is strictly to specify memory locations for CPU operations.
Correct Answer:
To hold the memory address of the data or instruction currently being accessed
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
To store the data being processed by the CPU is incorrect because storing data is the function of the Memory Data Register (MDR), not the MAR.
To manage the flow of data between the CPU and peripheral devices is incorrect because this is handled by input/output controllers, not the MAR.
To cache frequently accessed memory addresses for faster retrieval is incorrect because caching is performed by cache memory (L1, L2, L3), not by the MAR.
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