NUR 190 Mental Health Nursing
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Free NUR 190 Mental Health Nursing Questions
A nursing practitioner who has a student assigned to her unit today notices that the nursing student appears to cooperate with the group but repeatedly fails to complete agreed-upon tasks related to client care. Which nursing diagnosis best describes this behavior?
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Ineffective coping
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Disturbed personal identity
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Risk for self-mutilation
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Social isolation
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
A. Ineffective coping
Detailed Explanation:
Ineffective coping is demonstrated when an individual uses maladaptive or indirect behaviors to handle stress, frustration, or responsibility. In this scenario, the nursing student’s passive resistance, procrastination, and negativity suggest difficulty managing internal conflict or external expectations appropriately. This behavior indicates underlying stress or anxiety being expressed through indirect actions. The other diagnoses are unrelated—disturbed personal identity involves confusion about self-concept, risk for self-mutilation relates to self-harming behavior, and social isolation refers to withdrawal from others.
A nurse is assessing a client with schizophrenia who reports hearing voices that are not present, saying negative things about him. The nurse recognizes this symptom as which type of hallucination?
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Visual hallucinations
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Tactile hallucinations
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Auditory hallucinations
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Olfactory hallucinations
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
C. Auditory hallucinations
Detailed Explanation:
Auditory hallucinations are the most common type of hallucination in schizophrenia and involve hearing sounds or voices that are not real. Clients often perceive voices commenting on their behavior, issuing commands, or insulting them. This symptom reflects a disturbance in sensory perception linked to altered brain function. Visual hallucinations involve seeing things, tactile involve sensations on the skin, and olfactory involve smelling odors that are not present.
A young woman has stopped attending classes and withdrawn from friends and family, spending most of her time in her room without speaking to anyone. Which of the following is the highest priority for this client?
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Obtaining more data about her college experiences
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Assessing fluid intake and outpu
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Completing an assessment of mental status
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Providing for adequate rest
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
C. Completing an assessment of mental status
Detailed Explanation:
The highest priority for a client showing signs of social withdrawal, isolation, and possible depression is to complete a thorough mental status assessment. This helps determine the client’s level of functioning, mood, thought processes, and risk for self-harm or suicidal ideation. Understanding the client’s mental state ensures appropriate interventions and safety measures are implemented. While rest, nutrition, and history are important, mental status evaluation directly addresses potential psychiatric risk.
A client with schizophrenia tells the nurse, “The people on the news are sending me secret messages through the television.” The nurse recognizes this as which type of thought disturbance?
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Ideas of reference
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Circumstantial thinking
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Delusion
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Thought blocking
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
A. Ideas of reference
Detailed Explanation:
Ideas of reference occur when a person misinterprets external events or messages as having personal meaning. In this case, the client believes that the television is communicating directly with him, which reflects a disturbance in perception and thought. It is a common symptom in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. This differs from a delusion, which is a fixed false belief not based in reality, or thought blocking, which involves sudden interruption in the flow of thought.
A nurse observes that a client who failed a nursing exam states, “That test was unfair, and the instructor didn’t teach us properly.” The nurse recognizes this as an example of which defense mechanism?
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Devaluation
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Regression
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Displacement
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Rationalization
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
D. Rationalization
Detailed Explanation:
Rationalization is a defense mechanism in which an individual justifies or explains away unacceptable behavior or failures by offering seemingly logical reasons. It helps protect self-esteem and reduce anxiety by avoiding personal responsibility. In this case, the client blames the test and the instructor rather than accepting their own performance. This mechanism is common when individuals face disappointment, guilt, or failure.
A client with histrionic personality disorder frequently seeks attention by exaggerating emotional responses and displaying dramatic behavior. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this client?
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Assist the client to eliminate passive behavior
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Set limits on attention-seeking behavior
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Accept the client’s behavior
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Try to meet the client’s needs for attention
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
B. Set limits on attention-seeking behavior
Detailed Explanation:
Clients with histrionic personality disorder often display excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behaviors. The nurse’s role is to set clear, consistent limits while maintaining a supportive but professional relationship. This approach prevents reinforcement of manipulative or dramatic behavior and encourages more appropriate ways of gaining attention. Accepting or catering to such behaviors reinforces dependency, while focusing on eliminating “passive behavior” misses the core issue—managing attention-seeking patterns.
A client who is experiencing severe anxiety begins to develop physical symptoms such as headaches and stomach pain, with no identifiable medical cause. The nurse recognizes this as which defense mechanism?
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Dissociation
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Rationalization
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Somatization
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Denial
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
C. Somatization
Detailed Explanation:
Somatization is a defense mechanism in which emotional distress is unconsciously converted into physical symptoms. The individual experiences real bodily discomfort, such as pain or nausea, that symbolizes underlying psychological conflict. This allows the person to express anxiety or stress in a way that feels more acceptable than confronting the emotional source. It differs from denial or rationalization, as the symptoms are genuine but psychogenic in origin.
Transferring an emotion to someone or something
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Replacement
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Rationalization
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Displacement
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Reaction formation
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
C. Displacement
Detailed Explanation:
Displacement is a defense mechanism in which an individual redirects emotions or impulses from a threatening target to a safer substitute. For example, a person angry at their boss may come home and yell at their family instead. This unconscious shift helps the person release emotional tension without confronting the true source of distress. It is a common but maladaptive way of coping with frustration or anxiety.
A client is pacing in the hallway with clenched fists and a flushed face. He is yelling and swearing. Which phase of the aggression cycle is he in?
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Triggering
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Anger
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Crisis
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Escalation
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
D. Escalation
Detailed Explanation:
During the escalation phase of the aggression cycle, the client’s behavior intensifies and becomes more threatening. Signs include pacing, yelling, swearing, clenched fists, and a flushed face, indicating a loss of emotional control. Immediate intervention is crucial at this stage to de-escalate the situation, such as using calm communication, setting limits, and ensuring safety. If not managed, this phase may progress to the crisis phase, where physical aggression can occur.
Attributing your own troubling faults to someone else
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Splitting
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Devaluation
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Projection
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Sublimation
Explanation
The Correct Answer is:
C. Projection
Detailed Explanation:
Projection is a defense mechanism in which a person unconsciously attributes their own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or behaviors to someone else. For example, a person who is angry at a coworker may accuse that coworker of being hostile. This allows the individual to avoid facing their own negative emotions or impulses directly. Unlike sublimation, which is adaptive, projection distorts reality and hinders emotional growth.
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