D424 Software Engineering Capstone
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Free D424 Software Engineering Capstone Questions
What is the primary purpose of requirements specification in software engineering?
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To create a marketing strategy
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To write down user and system requirements
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To develop user interfaces
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To conduct software testing
Explanation
The requirements specification phase focuses on clearly documenting both user and system requirements. This ensures all stakeholders share a mutual understanding of what the system should do and the conditions under which it should operate. The document serves as a foundation for design, development, and validation activities, reducing misunderstandings and ensuring alignment with project goals.
Imagine you are part of a software development team tasked with creating a new application. How would you implement focused ethnography to ensure the application meets user needs?
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Conduct interviews with users without any prototypes
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Observe users interacting with existing applications and create prototypes based on their feedback
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Develop the application based solely on developer assumptions
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Use only surveys to gather user requirements
Explanation
Focused ethnography involves observing users in their natural work environments to understand how they interact with current systems. By watching users engage with existing applications and gathering real-world insights, developers can design prototypes that reflect actual user behavior and preferences. This approach ensures the final product is intuitive, relevant, and tailored to real user needs.
What kind of requirements does ethnography help to discover?
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Requirements based on formal job descriptions
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Requirements based on actual work practices and cooperative activities
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Requirements based on theoretical job scenarios
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Requirements based on stakeholder preferences
Explanation
Ethnography helps uncover requirements based on actual work practices and cooperative activities by observing how users perform their tasks in real environments. This approach reveals practical, often unspoken needs that formal job descriptions or theoretical models may overlook. It ensures that system design aligns with real-world workflows, user behaviors, and collaboration patterns.
Which of these is not a problem with agile methods?
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Legal contracts
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Software maintenance
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Large, worldwide teams
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Customer involvement
Explanation
What is a common issue associated with test-first development in software engineering?
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Tests may be written without any prior code.
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Tests can be incomplete due to shortcuts taken during development.
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Tests are always comprehensive and cover all edge cases.
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Tests are only written after the software is completed.
Explanation
A common problem with test-first development (such as Test-Driven Development) is that tests can be incomplete because developers may rush or take shortcuts to meet deadlines. This leads to gaps in test coverage, particularly for edge cases or complex scenarios. As a result, undetected defects might persist, undermining the reliability of the testing process.
Scaling Agile, through frameworks and approaches such as Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), Large Scaled Scrum (LSS), and Scrum of Scrums (SoS) is used to:
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Migrate Agile teams to function in larger, more predictive life cycles
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Provide guidance for initiatives that require the collaboration of multiple Agile teams
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Improve the accountability of the Agile team and its leadership
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Allow the Agile team to grow in size, yet retain transparency, collaboration, and efficiency of the smaller agile team
Explanation
Scaling Agile focuses on extending Agile principles across multiple teams working on large, complex projects. Frameworks like SAFe, LSS, and SoS provide structures to coordinate collaboration, maintain alignment, and ensure efficient communication across teams. The goal is to retain the transparency, flexibility, and efficiency of smaller Agile teams while enabling large-scale coordination.
Which of the following is NOT one of the key attributes of requirements checking in software engineering?
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Validity
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Consistency
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Completeness
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Simplicity
Explanation
A software development team is preparing a requirements document for a new application. They have gathered input from both technical and non-technical stakeholders. Which approach should they take to ensure the requirements are effectively communicated?
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Use only technical jargon to ensure precision.
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Focus solely on system requirements to avoid confusion.
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Write user requirements in simple language that stakeholders can understand, while detailing system requirements for technical clarity.
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Combine user and system requirements into a single section without distinction.
Explanation
To communicate requirements effectively, user requirements should be written in clear, simple language understandable to non-technical stakeholders, while system requirements should include detailed technical descriptions for developers. This dual approach ensures all parties can interpret the document accurately—stakeholders understand the goals, and developers understand how to implement them.
What are the costs of software engineering?
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Roughly 50% of software costs are development costs, 50% are testing costs.
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Roughly 90% of software costs are development costs, 10% are testing costs.
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Roughly 60% of software costs are development costs, 40% are testing costs.
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Roughly 10% of software costs are development costs, 90% are testing costs.
Explanation
In software engineering, approximately 60% of total costs are attributed to development activities, such as design and coding, while about 40% are devoted to testing and validation. Testing ensures quality, reliability, and compliance with user requirements, making it a significant portion of overall project expenses. This balance highlights the importance of quality assurance in the software lifecycle.
Explain how Sprint Cycles contribute to the overall development process in Scrum. What is the significance of developing increments during these cycles?
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They allow for immediate deployment of the entire system
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They facilitate continuous feedback and improvement of the software
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They eliminate the need for user involvement
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They focus solely on documentation and planning
Explanation
In Scrum, Sprint Cycles are short, time-boxed iterations where teams plan, develop, and deliver a working increment of the product. Each increment represents a potentially shippable part of the system that can be reviewed by stakeholders. This approach encourages continuous feedback and improvement, allowing the team to adapt quickly to changes, refine features, and steadily progress toward the final product.
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