RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A
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Free RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A Questions
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who tells the nurse, "I don't want to take my fluid pill until I get home today." Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. File an incident report with the risk manager.
- B. Document the refusal and inform the client's provider.
- C. Contact the pharmacist to pick up the medication.
- D. Give the client the medication to take at home and document that it was administered.
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
B. Document the refusal and inform the client's provider.Explanation
When a client refuses medication, the nurse must respect the client's autonomy but also take necessary steps to ensure the client's safety. The nurse should document the refusal in the medical record and inform the provider so that the provider is aware of the refusal and can make further decisions regarding treatment. This ensures the client’s care plan is updated and any necessary follow-up actions are taken.A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has schizophrenia and a prescription for clozapine. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse review before administering the medication?
- A. Troponin
- B. Total cholesterol
- C. Creatinine
- D. Thyroid stimulating hormone
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
B. Total cholesterolExplanation
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause metabolic side effects, including increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. It's important for the nurse to monitor the client's lipid profile, including total cholesterol, to assess for potential cardiovascular risks. Clients on clozapine are at an increased risk for metabolic syndrome, which includes elevated cholesterol, weight gain, and changes in glucose metabolism.A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 400 mL IV to infuse over 1 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 60 gtt/min
- B. 80 gtt/min
- C. 100 gtt/min
- D. 120 gtt/min
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
C. 100 gtt/minExplanation
Calculation:
gtt/min=Volume (mL)×Drop factor (gtt/mL) ÷Time (min)
=400×15 ÷ 60=6000 ÷ 60=100
A client is prescribed a second dose of IV ceftriaxone postoperatively. The nurse notes urticaria and dyspnea. Which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Administer oxygen.
- B. Administer diphenhydramine.
- C. Notify the charge nurse.
- D. Discontinue the infusion.
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
D. Discontinue the infusion.Explanation
The client is experiencing signs of an allergic reaction, including urticaria (hives) and dyspnea (difficulty breathing). The first and most important action is to discontinue the infusion to prevent further exposure to the allergen (ceftriaxone). This action will help to stop the progression of the reaction and prevent severe outcomes such as anaphylaxis.A nurse is teaching a client who has insomnia about zolpidem. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. "I will need to get laboratory testing prior to a refill of this medication."
- B. "I will use this medication for a short period of time."
- C. "I will need to take this medication for 1 week before results are seen."
- D. "I will need to change the medications to prevent building up a tolerance."
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
B. "I will use this medication for a short period of time."Explanation
Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication commonly prescribed for the short-term treatment of insomnia. It is generally recommended for use on a short-term basis (usually 2-4 weeks) to minimize the risk of dependence, tolerance, and other side effects. This statement indicates the client's understanding of the appropriate use of the medication.A nurse is teaching about self-administration of transdermal medication with a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. "I can apply the patch to a chest area that has hair."
- B. "I can take this medication while using an erectile dysfunction product."
- C. "I will remove the patch after 14 hours."
- D. "I need to apply a new patch to the same area every day."
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
C. "I will remove the patch after 14 hours."Explanation
For nitroglycerin patches, the typical regimen involves applying the patch for 12-14 hours, followed by a 10-12 hour drug-free period to prevent tolerance. The client should remove the patch after 14 hours to give the body a break from continuous medication and avoid the development of tolerance to the medication’s effects.A nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled antibiotic at 0800 to a client and discovers the antibiotic is not present in the client's medication drawer. The nurse should identify that administration of the medication can occur at which of the following time periods without requiring an incident report?
- A. 1000
- B. 0900
- C. 0830
- D. 1200
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
C. 0830Explanation
For time-critical scheduled medications (including many antibiotics), hospital policies often allow a 30-minute window before or after the scheduled time (e.g., 0730–0830 for an 0800 dose) without requiring an incident report. Administering at 0830 falls within this acceptable window and would not require an incident report.A nurse is teaching a client about cyclobenzaprine. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the teaching is effective?
- A. "I will have increased saliva production."
- B. "I will continue taking the medication until the rash disappears."
- C. "I will taper off the medication before discontinuing it."
- D. "I will report any urinary incontinence."
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
C. "I will taper off the medication before discontinuing it."Explanation
Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant, and although it is typically used for short-term relief of muscle spasms, it is important to taper off the medication gradually to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Clients should not suddenly stop the medication, especially after long-term use, as it can lead to adverse effects. Therefore, this statement indicates the client understands the proper way to discontinue the medication.A nurse at an urgent care clinic is collecting a history from a client who has a urinary tract infection. The nurse anticipates a prescription for ciprofloxacin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indicates a contraindication for administering this medication?
- A. "I have tendonitis, so I haven't been able to exercise."
- B. "I take a stool softener for chronic constipation."
- C. "I take medicine for my thyroid."
- D. "I am allergic to sulfa."
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
A. "I have tendonitis, so I haven't been able to exercise."Explanation
Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, has a black box warning regarding the risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture, particularly in older adults or those who have pre-existing tendon issues. The nurse should identify tendonitis as a contraindication or caution for using ciprofloxacin due to the increased risk of tendon injury, especially with physical activity or weight-bearing exercises.A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new prescription for sucralfate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Decreases stomach acid secretion
- B. Neutralizes acids in the stomach
- C. Forms a protective barrier over ulcers
- D. Treats ulcers by eradicating H. pylori
Explanation
Correct Answer Is:
C. Forms a protective barrier over ulcersExplanation
Sucralfate is a medication used to treat peptic ulcer disease. It works by forming a protective barrier over the ulcer, which helps to shield it from stomach acid, allowing the ulcer to heal. Sucralfate does not neutralize stomach acids or decrease acid secretion but rather acts locally to protect the ulcerated area.How to Order
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