Integrated Physical Sciences (C165)
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Free Integrated Physical Sciences (C165) Questions
Hail falls into the ocean.
Between which two reservoirs is the hail transferred during this process?
- Atmosphere and surface water
- Surface water and ground water
- Atmosphere and glaciers
- Glaciers and surface water
Explanation
When hail falls from the atmosphere, it is transferred from the atmosphere to surface water. This happens as the hail precipitates from the clouds and lands on the Earth's surface, often contributing to surface water bodies like oceans, lakes, and rivers.
Correct Answer Is:
A. Atmosphere and surface water
Which of these is an example of climate change caused by human activity?
- Warming because of farming and fuel use adding nitrous oxide to the atmosphere
- Worldwide weather changes from changes in the flow of air currents
- Year to year differences in snowfall in a given area from different weather patterns
- Weather changes from regularly repeating atmospheric conditions such as El Nino
Explanation
The warming caused by farming and fuel use adding nitrous oxide to the atmosphere is an example of climate change caused by human activity. Human activities such as agriculture and the burning of fossil fuels contribute to the release of greenhouse gases like nitrous oxide, which trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change.
Correct Answer Is:
A. Warming because of farming and fuel use adding nitrous oxide to the atmosphere
What is the official SI base unit for time
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second
-
hour
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meters/second
-
kilograms
Explanation
Correct Answer A: second
Explanation:
The second is the official SI (International System of Units) base unit for time.
Why other options are wrong:
B) hour:
An hour is a derived unit, not an SI base unit.
C) meters/second:
This is a unit of speed, not time.
D) kilograms:
Kilogram is the SI base unit for mass, not time.
Which action demonstrates a physical change?
- Iron rusting
- Chopping wood
- Baking cookies
- Milk becoming sour
Explanation
Chopping wood demonstrates a physical change. A physical change alters the form or appearance of a substance without changing its chemical composition. In this case, chopping wood does not change the chemical makeup of the wood. Iron rusting, baking cookies, and milk becoming sour are all examples of chemical changes because they involve a transformation in the substance's chemical structure.
Correct Answer Is:
B. Chopping wood
A cashier who has been handed a hundred-dollar bill may check its authenticity by holding it under a special lamp that emits electromagnetic radiation mostly at wavelengths slightly shorter than visible light. The electromagnetic radiation makes a pattern of previously invisible markings on the bill glow brightly, or fluoresce. Which kind of electromagnetic radiation does the lamp emit to produce this effect
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Ultraviolet radiation
-
Microwaves
-
X-rays
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Infrared radiation
Explanation
Correct Answer A: Ultraviolet radiation
Explanation:
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has wavelengths shorter than visible light and is used in fluorescence. The UV light makes certain substances, like the invisible markings on a bill, glow brightly, allowing the cashier to verify the bill's authenticity.
Why other options are wrong:
B) Microwaves:
Microwaves have longer wavelengths than visible light and are used in communication and heating, not in fluorescence for authenticity checks.
C) X-rays:
X-rays are used for imaging inside objects, not for fluorescence. They are much more energetic than UV radiation.
D) Infrared radiation:
Infrared radiation has wavelengths longer than visible light and is associated with heat, not fluorescence.
What happens when wet clothes dry outside on a warm day
-
The water in the clothes absorbs energy from the air and becomes a gas.
-
The water in the clothes evaporates without any energy change.
-
The water in the clothes remains unchanged as the temperature rises.
-
The water in the clothes freezes into ice crystals.
Explanation
Correct Answer A: The water in the clothes absorbs energy from the air and becomes a gas.
Explanation:
As the clothes dry, the water absorbs energy (heat) from the surrounding air, causing it to change from a liquid to a gas in a process known as evaporation. The heat energy helps the water molecules break free from the liquid phase and become vapor.
Why other options are wrong:
B) The water in the clothes evaporates without any energy change:
This is incorrect because evaporation requires energy for the water to transition from liquid to gas.
C) The water in the clothes remains unchanged as the temperature rises:
This is not true, as the water evaporates due to the increased temperature and energy absorption.
D) The water in the clothes freezes into ice crystals:
Freezing happens when the temperature drops, not when it rises. The warm day causes evaporation, not freezing.
During heavy rains, the soil on a farm is washed away into a nearby river. Which parts of the water cycle result in this loss of soil
-
Erosion And Deposition
-
Gravity
-
Precipitation
-
Runoff
- Evaporation
Explanation
Correct Answer D: Runoff
Explanation:
Runoff refers to the movement of water over the ground's surface, which can carry soil and other materials into nearby rivers and bodies of water. In this case, the heavy rains lead to soil being washed away.
Why other options are wrong:
A) Erosion And Deposition:
While erosion is involved, the specific process of soil being carried away is runoff, not just erosion and deposition.
B) Gravity:
Gravity plays a role in the movement of water and soil, but it is the runoff that directly causes the soil to be washed away.
C) Precipitation:
Precipitation is the process of rain or snow falling to the Earth, but the washing away of soil occurs as a result of runoff, not precipitation alone.
E) Evaporation:
Evaporation is the process where water changes from liquid to gas, but it does not directly relate to soil being washed away.
A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
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Theory
-
Hypothesis
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Observation
-
Law
Explanation
Correct Answer A:Theory
Explanation:
A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence that has been repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and experimentation.
Why other options are wrong:
B) Hypothesis:
A hypothesis is an educated guess or proposed explanation that is tested, but it has not yet been confirmed with extensive data.
C) Observation:
An observation refers to the act of noticing and recording something, not a tested hypothesis or theory.
D) Law:
A law describes a natural phenomenon that consistently occurs under the same conditions but doesn’t explain why it happens like a theory does.
Sir Isaac Newton discovered that the force of gravity between two masses increases if the masses increase, and decreases if the distance between the masses increases. No experiments have ever contradicted this relationship. Which type of scientific statement is this
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Physics
-
Law
-
Policy
-
Theory
Explanation
Correct Answer B: Law
Explanation:
This is a scientific law because it describes a fundamental, consistent relationship that has been observed in nature, specifically the law of universal gravitation. Laws are statements that describe a consistent, universal relationship based on repeated experimental observations, often expressed mathematically.
Why other options are wrong:
A) Physics:
Physics is the branch of science that studies matter, energy, and the interactions between them. While the force of gravity is a concept within physics, the correct answer is a "law" describing a specific relationship.
C) Policy:
A policy is a set of principles or guidelines for action, usually established by an organization or government. It is unrelated to scientific principles or natural laws.
D) Theory:
A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can incorporate laws, facts, and tested hypotheses. Newton's law is a description of a relationship, not an explanation. Therefore, it is not a theory.
If you press your hand downward on a book lying on a table, the reaction force to your hand is
-
The table pushing up against your hand
-
The book pushing up against your hand
-
Your hand pushing the book down against the table
-
Gravity pulling your hand downward
Explanation
Correct Answer B: The book pushing up against your hand
Explanation:
According to Newton's third law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When you press your hand down on the book, the book exerts an equal and opposite force upward on your hand. This is the reaction force.
Why other options are wrong:
A) The table pushing up against your hand:
This is the normal force exerted by the table on the book. It's not the reaction to the force applied by your hand to the book.
C) Your hand pushing the book down against the table:
This is the action force, not the reaction force.
D) Gravity pulling your hand downward:
This is the force of gravity acting on your hand, not the reaction to the force you apply to the book.
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Frequently Asked Question
SCIE 1020 C165 covers fundamental principles of physical sciences, including Newton’s Laws of Motion, energy transfer, the greenhouse effect, atomic structure, chemical reactions, forces, and properties of matter.
The best approach includes reviewing course materials, taking practice quizzes, watching explanatory videos, and applying concepts to real-world scenarios to strengthen understanding.
Newton’s First Law (the Law of Inertia) explains why objects resist changes in motion, such as why passengers lurch forward when a car suddenly stops.
Water’s high specific heat capacity allows it to absorb and release heat slowly, helping stabilize temperatures in coastal and oceanic environments.
Greenhouse gases trap infrared radiation emitted by Earth's surface, preventing heat from escaping and leading to an increase in global temperatures.
The three types of heat transfer are conduction (direct contact), convection (fluid movement), and radiation (electromagnetic waves).
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion (e.g., a moving car), while potential energy is stored energy (e.g., a stretched rubber band).