C854 Nursing Informatics Field Experience

Correct answer:

A. Network

Explanation:

A PACS is connected to imaging devices and peripheral systems through a network, allowing the storage, retrieval, distribution, and presentation of medical images. Networks facilitate communication between PACS and other systems like RIS and HIS, ensuring seamless data exchange.

Why other options are wrong:

B. Web.

While some PACS systems use web-based platforms for remote access, the web itself is not the primary system connecting imaging modalities. A network is required for internal data transfer.

C. Radiology Information System (RIS).

RIS is used for managing radiology workflows and patient imaging records, but it does not serve as the primary communication system linking PACS with imaging modalities. Instead, RIS integrates with PACS through the network.

D. Hospital Information System (HIS).

HIS is a broader system used for managing patient records, billing, and administrative tasks within a hospital. While HIS may interface with PACS, it is not the core communication system connecting imaging modalities and PACS.

Correct answer:

A. Information being entered into a computer system

Explanation:

Input refers to the process of entering data into a computer system. This can involve typing on a keyboard, using a mouse, or utilizing other peripherals to provide data for processing. It is the first step in computer data handling, where raw information is fed into the system for processing and analysis.

Why other options are wrong:

B. Information being released by a computer system

This describes output, not input. Output refers to data that has been processed by a computer and is then released, such as through a screen display or printed results.

C. A method of creating computer code

Creating computer code is a process of programming or coding, which is different from input, as input specifically refers to data entry into a system, not coding.

D. A unit of information equal to 280 bytes

This refers to a specific size of data, not the action of input itself. Input is about entering data into the system, whereas this option pertains to data storage or measurement.

Correct answer:

A. Translational research.

Explanation:

Translational research is the process of applying findings from medical, biomedical, informatics, and nursing research into real-world clinical interventions at the bedside. It aims to bridge the gap between scientific discoveries and practical applications in patient care, improving healthcare outcomes by integrating new knowledge into clinical practice.

Why other options are wrong:

B. Evidence-based practice.

While evidence-based practice (EBP) uses the best available research to guide clinical decision-making, it does not specifically describe the process of translating research into bedside interventions. EBP relies on existing evidence rather than the direct application of new research findings.

C. Clinical research utilization.

Clinical research utilization refers to incorporating research findings into practice, but it lacks the structured, stepwise approach of translational research, which systematically moves discoveries from the laboratory to patient care.

D. Clinical research informatics.

Clinical research informatics focuses on managing and analyzing clinical data to support research activities rather than directly translating research into bedside interventions. It primarily supports the research process rather than implementing findings in patient care.

Correct answer:

C. Radiology information

Explanation:

Radiology information systems (RIS) are essential in patient care support as they manage imaging workflows, including scheduling, storing, and sharing medical images and reports. Along with clinical documentation, pharmacy, and laboratory information systems, RIS ensures that medical professionals have access to comprehensive diagnostic data.

Why other options are wrong:

A. Administrative services

Administrative services focus on non-clinical operations such as scheduling, billing, and human resources, which do not directly contribute to patient care support in the same way as radiology, pharmacy, and laboratory systems.

B. Information services

Information services manage IT infrastructure, cybersecurity, and data management but do not provide direct patient care support. They enable technology but do not serve as a core patient care support system.

D. Specialized care information

Specialized care information systems support specific medical fields, such as oncology or cardiology, but they are not classified as one of the four primary patient care support systems, which are more general in nature.

Correct answer:

C. Image data.

Explanation:

Image data is used in healthcare to represent visual information such as medical scans (X-rays, MRIs, CT scans), pathology slides, and diagnostic images. These images play a crucial role in patient diagnosis and treatment, helping healthcare providers interpret and analyze medical conditions visually.

Why other options are wrong:

A. Alphanumeric data

Alphanumeric data consists of letters and numbers used for patient records, medical notes, and identification codes, but it does not represent visual information.

B. Audio data

Audio data includes recorded dictations, patient consultations, and voice notes, but it is not used for visual representation.

D. Numeric data

Numeric data consists of numerical values such as laboratory test results, blood pressure readings, and medication dosages. While essential in healthcare, it does not represent visual information like medical images do.

Correct answer:

A. Allows user interaction with technology

Explanation:

The human-technology interface (HTI) refers to the interaction between users and technology, including software, hardware, and devices in healthcare. It ensures that healthcare professionals can efficiently use systems such as electronic health records (EHRs) and clinical decision support tools to improve patient care. By enhancing usability and accessibility, HTI facilitates smoother workflows and supports decision-making processes.

Why other options are wrong:

B. Standardizes applications utilized in all devices

While standardization of applications across devices is beneficial, it is not the primary function of HTI. HTI is more focused on how users interact with the technology rather than ensuring uniform application behavior. Standardization efforts fall under software development and regulatory standards rather than HTI.

C. Allows access to the technology only to authorized people

HTI does not inherently control access. While security measures such as authentication mechanisms can be part of technology interfaces, HTI itself is about usability and interaction rather than restricting unauthorized access. Access control is more relevant to cybersecurity and information security systems.

D. Connects a user device to the internet

HTI does not establish internet connections. Network configurations and IT infrastructure handle internet connectivity, while HTI focuses on the way humans use and interact with digital systems to complete tasks efficiently.

Correct answer:

B. They enhance the accuracy and efficiency of patient data management.

Explanation:

Healthcare information systems improve the accuracy, accessibility, and efficiency of patient data management. These systems help reduce errors, streamline documentation, and facilitate better coordination of care by ensuring that healthcare providers have timely access to comprehensive patient records.

Why other options are wrong:

A. They eliminate the need for healthcare professionals.

Information systems assist healthcare professionals but do not replace them. Critical thinking, clinical judgment, and hands-on patient care still require human expertise, even with advanced technology in place.

C. They increase the cost of healthcare delivery.

While there may be an initial investment in implementing healthcare information systems, these systems often lead to cost savings in the long run by reducing errors, improving workflow efficiency, and minimizing redundant tests or procedures.

D. They reduce the amount of data collected from patients.

Information systems actually facilitate the collection and management of large volumes of patient data, ensuring more comprehensive and efficient record-keeping rather than limiting the amount of data collected.

Correct answer:

D. A synthesis of data and information

Explanation:

Knowledge is formed when data and information are synthesized to create meaning and understanding. It involves not just the interpretation of information but also its integration into decision-making and problem-solving processes. Knowledge allows individuals and organizations to apply insights gained from data to practical scenarios.

Why other options are wrong:

A. Application of nursing principles.

While nursing principles involve the use of knowledge, they do not define knowledge itself. Knowledge is a broader concept that applies across various disciplines, not just nursing. This option describes a specific application rather than the fundamental nature of knowledge.

B. Data that has been given form and is interpreted.

While this definition closely resembles information, it does not fully encompass knowledge. Information is structured and interpreted data, but knowledge goes beyond that by synthesizing information and applying it in a meaningful way.

C. Raw and unstructured facts.

Raw and unstructured facts refer to data, not knowledge. Knowledge is created when raw data is processed, interpreted, and synthesized into meaningful insights. Without organization and interpretation, raw facts remain data rather than knowledge.

Correct answer:

B. Clinical Information System

Explanation:

CIS stands for Clinical Information System, which refers to a system that manages, stores, and processes clinical data within healthcare settings. These systems are designed to improve patient care by providing healthcare professionals with real-time access to patient information, ensuring efficient decision-making. A Clinical Information System is essential for supporting clinical functions, improving communication, and enhancing healthcare outcomes.

Why other options are wrong:

A. Clinical Informatics System.

This is not the standard term used in healthcare; while it might sound similar, it does not accurately represent the well-established terminology for clinical systems.

C. Clinical Information Standards.

Clinical Information Standards refer to the guidelines and rules that govern the structure and format of clinical data, not the system that stores or processes the data.

D. Clinical Informatic Standards.

This is a misnomer and does not align with standard terminology in healthcare. The term should be "Clinical Information Standards," not "Clinical Informatic Standards."