NURS 105_Nursing Care Foundations Test 1 Part A at Baton Rouge General Medical Center
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Free NURS 105_Nursing Care Foundations Test 1 Part A at Baton Rouge General Medical Center Questions
According to the Theory of Human Caring, what is the most important factor in the nurse-patient relationship?
- A) Providing technical expertise in healthcare procedures
- B) Establishing a trusting and compassionate relationship
- C) Ensuring all patients receive the same level of care
- D) Prioritizing physical health over emotional well-being
Explanation
Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring emphasizes that the most important aspect of the nurse-patient relationship is establishing a trusting and compassionate relationship. This caring relationship fosters healing by addressing not just the physical needs of the patient, but also the emotional, psychological, and spiritual aspects of care. Nurses who provide care with empathy and respect help patients feel valued, supported, and more likely to engage in their care, leading to better health outcomes.
Which of the following factors plays a significant role in the development of chronic diseases in older adults?
- A) Genetic predisposition
- B) Nutritional habits and physical activity levels
- C) Social support and mental health
- D) All of the above
Explanation
All of the factors listed—genetic predisposition, nutritional habits, physical activity levels, social support, and mental health—play significant roles in the development of chronic diseases in older adults. Genetics can predispose individuals to conditions such as heart disease or diabetes, while poor nutrition and lack of exercise increase the risk of many chronic conditions. Social support and mental health also influence how individuals cope with illness and manage chronic diseases. A holistic approach to health that addresses all these factors can help mitigate the risks and improve outcomes for older adults.
Which of the following is a key aspect of the Health Belief Model?
- A) Perceived severity of a health issue
- B) Encouraging self-care behaviors for chronic illness management
- C) Emphasizing the importance of health education
- D) Recommending medication management for patients
Explanation
The Health Belief Model (HBM) suggests that an individual’s likelihood of engaging in health-promoting behaviors is influenced by their perceptions of the severity of a health issue, their susceptibility to it, and the benefits of taking action to prevent or manage it. The model also includes perceived barriers to taking action and cues to action, such as health education or reminders. In this model, understanding how serious a health problem is can motivate individuals to take steps toward improving their health.
What is one of the main goals of the Healthy People 2030 initiative?
- A) To reduce the number of chronic diseases in America
- B) To eliminate health disparities and improve health equity
- C) To provide free healthcare services to all Americans
- D) To reduce healthcare spending by 50%
Explanation
One of the core goals of Healthy People 2030 is to eliminate health disparities and improve health equity. This initiative seeks to reduce health inequities caused by social determinants such as socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, and geographic location. The goal is to ensure that all groups, regardless of their background, have access to the same quality of healthcare and health outcomes. By addressing these disparities, Healthy People 2030 aims to create a more equitable healthcare system, where everyone has an equal opportunity for good health.
Which of the following is a psychosocial concern for older adults?
- A) Chronic illness
- B) Social isolation and loneliness
- C) Incontinence
- D) All of the above
Explanation
Social isolation and loneliness are significant psychosocial concerns for older adults. As people age, they may experience the loss of family members, friends, or their ability to engage in social activities due to physical limitations, which can lead to feelings of loneliness and isolation. These emotional and social factors can have a serious impact on mental health, leading to conditions such as depression, anxiety, and a decreased quality of life. It is crucial for healthcare providers to assess social well-being and encourage social engagement for older adults.
Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
- A) Providing rehabilitation for patients recovering from surgery
- B) Administering vaccines to prevent diseases
- C) Performing mammograms for early detection of breast cancer
- D) Offering counseling to patients with chronic illnesses
Explanation
Primary prevention refers to measures taken to prevent the onset of illness or injury before it occurs. Vaccination is a prime example of primary prevention because it helps prevent diseases by immunizing individuals before they are exposed to pathogens. Other examples of primary prevention include promoting healthy lifestyle choices, such as smoking cessation programs or dietary education, which help prevent conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers.
Which of the following health risks is commonly associated with aging?
- A) Osteoporosis
- B) High blood pressure
- C) Heart disease
- D) All of the above
Explanation
All of the options listed—osteoporosis, high blood pressure, and heart disease—are common health risks associated with aging. As people age, changes in the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and other systems increase the likelihood of developing these conditions. Osteoporosis, which causes weakened bones, makes fractures more common. High blood pressure and heart disease are prevalent in older adults due to the natural changes in the cardiovascular system over time. These risks can often be managed or mitigated with appropriate lifestyle changes, screenings, and medical interventions.
Which of the following is a key component of the ANA's Code of Ethics for Nurses?
- A) To deliver care based on the patient's preferences only
- B) To respect the dignity, worth, and rights of all individuals
- C) To prioritize financial considerations in care delivery
- D) To provide care only within the nurse’s area of expertise
Explanation
The ANA's Code of Ethics for Nurses emphasizes that nurses must respect the dignity, worth, and rights of all individuals, regardless of their background, health status, or personal beliefs. This includes advocating for patients’ rights, promoting patient autonomy, and ensuring that care is provided equitably. The code guides nurses to uphold ethical standards, ensuring compassionate and respectful care in all professional interactions.
Which of the following are common causes of pressure ulcers in older adults? (Select all that apply)
- A) Immobility or limited mobility
- B) Dehydration and poor nutrition
- C) Excessive sun exposure
- D) Skin thinning and decreased elasticity
Explanation
A) Immobility or limited mobility
When older adults are immobile or have limited mobility, they are at a higher risk for pressure ulcers. Prolonged pressure on the skin, especially in areas like the heels, hips, and elbows, can lead to decreased blood flow, causing skin breakdown and ulcers.
B) Dehydration and poor nutrition
Dehydration and poor nutrition can weaken the skin’s integrity, making it more susceptible to damage. Proper hydration and nutrition are essential for maintaining skin health and preventing pressure ulcers.
D) Skin thinning and decreased elasticity
As people age, their skin becomes thinner and loses elasticity, making it more fragile and prone to breakdown. This, combined with factors like immobility, increases the risk of developing pressure ulcers.
Which theory focuses on the importance of compassion and the nurse-patient relationship in healthcare?
- A) Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring
- B) Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory
- C) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
- D) Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory
Explanation
Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring emphasizes the importance of compassion, empathy, and the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship in healthcare. Watson believed that the practice of nursing should focus on more than just the technical aspects of patient care; it should involve caring for the patient as a whole person, addressing their emotional, spiritual, and social needs alongside their physical needs. This theory underscores the role of the nurse in fostering healing through caring relationships.
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