ATI RN Maternal Newborn 2023 at Baton Rouge Community College
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Free ATI RN Maternal Newborn 2023 at Baton Rouge Community College Questions
A nurse is planning care for a client who has preeclampsia with severe features. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
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Obtain a prescription for misoprostol.
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Administer an IV bolus of lactated Ringer's.
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Administer magnesium sulfate.
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Obtain a prescription for ephedrine.
Explanation
Explanation
Magnesium sulfate is the medication of choice for clients with preeclampsia with severe features to prevent seizures (eclampsia). It acts as a central nervous system depressant, reducing neuromuscular excitability and lowering the risk of seizure activity. Early initiation of magnesium sulfate is a priority intervention to protect maternal safety and reduce life-threatening complications associated with severe preeclampsia.Correct Answer Is:
C. Administer magnesium sulfate.A nurse is teaching about car seat safety to the parents of a newborn who was delivered at 38 weeks of gestation. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
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“When my baby is 1 year old, I can turn their car seat facing forward.”
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“My baby will need a car seat challenge test before discharge.”
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“I can use a sleep sack to keep my baby warm in the car seat.”
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“The car seat should be positioned in the car at a 45-degree angle.”
Explanation
Explanation
Newborn car seats should be installed at approximately a 45-degree angle to keep the infant’s airway open and reduce the risk of airway obstruction. This angle helps prevent the newborn’s head from falling forward, which could compromise breathing. Proper positioning is essential for safety during travel, especially in infants with limited head and neck control.Correct Answer Is:
D. “The car seat should be positioned in the car at a 45-degree angle.”A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is pregnant. Which of the following information should the nurse identify as a risk factor for preeclampsia?
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The client is pregnant with one child.
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The client is gravida 2 para 1.
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The client is 25 years old.
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The client has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Explanation
Explanation
Preexisting medical conditions that affect vascular function increase the risk of developing preeclampsia. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor because chronic hyperglycemia can damage blood vessels and impair placental perfusion. This increases the likelihood of hypertension, proteinuria, and systemic endothelial dysfunction during pregnancy. Clients with diabetes require closer monitoring for signs of preeclampsia throughout gestation.Correct Answer Is:
D. The client has type 1 diabetes mellitus.A nurse in a clinic is reviewing newborn hygiene with a group of clients. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
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“Bathe your newborn every day.”
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“Cleanse your newborn's cord site using hydrogen peroxide.”
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“Use cotton-tipped swabs to cleanse your newborn's ears.”
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“Start by washing your newborn's face and then the rest of their body.”
Explanation
Explanation
When bathing a newborn, the nurse should instruct caregivers to begin with the face and then proceed to the rest of the body. The face is the cleanest area and should be washed first using plain water without soap to avoid irritation, especially around the eyes. Washing from the cleanest area to the dirtiest helps prevent the spread of microorganisms and promotes safe, hygienic bathing practices for newborns.Correct Answer Is:
D. “Start by washing your newborn's face and then the rest of their body.”A nurse is preparing to perform a gestational age assessment for a newborn who is 36 hr old. Which of the following assessment tools should the nurse use?
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Biophysical profile
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Apgar score
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Braden Scale
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New Ballard score
Explanation
Explanation
The New Ballard score is specifically designed to assess gestational age in newborns up to 96 hours after birth. It evaluates neuromuscular and physical maturity characteristics to estimate the infant’s gestational age accurately. This tool is appropriate for a newborn who is 36 hours old and is commonly used when prenatal dating is uncertain. The other tools assess fetal well-being, immediate post-birth adaptation, or pressure injury risk and are not appropriate for gestational age assessment.Correct Answer Is:
D. New Ballard score.A nurse is caring for a newborn immediately following birth and notes a large amount of mucus in the newborn's mouth and nose. Identify the sequence the nurse should follow when performing suctioning with a bulb syringe.
(Place the steps in the correct order.)
- Compress the bulb syringe.
- Place the bulb syringe in the newborn’s mouth.
- Use the bulb syringe to suction the newborn’s nose.
- Auscultate breath sounds.
Which of the following sequences is correct?
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1, 2, 3, 4
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2, 1, 3, 4
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1, 3, 2, 4
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2, 3, 1, 4
Explanation
Explanation
- Compress the bulb syringe.
The bulb syringe is compressed first to expel air before it is placed in the newborn’s airway. If the nurse inserts the bulb without compressing it first, squeezing it while it is in the mouth or nose could push air and secretions deeper into the airway, worsening obstruction. Compressing first ensures the syringe will suction outward when released. - Place the bulb syringe in the newborn’s mouth.
The mouth is suctioned before the nose because suctioning the nose first can stimulate the newborn to gasp or inhale sharply. If secretions are still present in the mouth, that gasp increases the risk of aspiration into the trachea and lungs. Clearing the mouth first helps establish a safer airway and improves effective breathing. - Use the bulb syringe to suction the newborn’s nose.
After the mouth is cleared, the nurse suctions the nares to remove mucus that can block airflow. Newborns are primarily nose breathers, so nasal obstruction can quickly cause respiratory distress, poor oxygenation, and difficulty feeding. Suctioning the nose after the mouth promotes better airway patency and decreases work of breathing. - Auscultate breath sounds.
Auscultating breath sounds confirms whether suctioning successfully cleared the airway and whether the newborn is ventilating effectively. The nurse assesses for equal air entry, the presence of crackles or rhonchi from retained secretions, and any signs of ongoing respiratory compromise. This step verifies the intervention worked and guides whether further airway support is needed.
Correct Answer Is:
A. 1, 2, 3, 4.A nurse is caring for a client who is 9 hours postpartum following a cesarean birth with a quantitative blood loss of 1200 mL. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing a fluid volume deficit?
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Reports of excessive sweating
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900 mL of urine output since the birth
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Blood pressure 80/55 mm Hg
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Temperature 37.6° C (99.6° F)
Explanation
Explanation
A blood pressure of 80/55 mm Hg indicates hypotension, which is a key sign of fluid volume deficit following significant blood loss. After a cesarean birth with a blood loss of 1200 mL, hypotension suggests decreased circulating blood volume and inadequate tissue perfusion. This finding requires immediate intervention to prevent hypovolemic shock and further maternal compromise.Correct Answer Is:
C. Blood pressure 80/55 mm Hg.A nurse is discussing fertility treatment options with a client and their partner. Which of the following nonpharmacological treatments should the nurse suggest?
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Drink herbal tea two times daily.
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Take daily hot baths.
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Maintain a healthy weight.
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Use a lubricant during intercourse.
Explanation
Explanation
Maintaining a healthy weight is an important nonpharmacological approach to improving fertility in both women and men. Being underweight or overweight can disrupt hormone balance, ovulation, and menstrual regularity in females, as well as sperm production and quality in males. Achieving and maintaining a healthy body mass index (BMI) supports normal reproductive function and can increase the likelihood of conception without medical intervention.Correct Answer Is:
C. Maintain a healthy weight.A nurse is caring for a newborn immediately following birth who is grunting and retracting, and has nasal flaring, a respiratory rate of 72/min, and a heart rate of 174/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
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Initiate chest compressions.
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Administer oxygen therapy.
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Place the newborn in a prone position.
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Give the newborn epinephrine.
Explanation
Explanation
The newborn is showing clear signs of respiratory distress, including grunting, nasal flaring, retractions, and tachypnea. These findings indicate impaired oxygenation. The priority intervention is to administer supplemental oxygen to improve oxygen delivery and reduce the work of breathing. Chest compressions and epinephrine are reserved for severe bradycardia or cardiac arrest, and prone positioning is not appropriate for stabilizing an acutely distressed newborn.Correct Answer Is:
B. Administer oxygen therapy.A nurse is planning care for a client who is at 10 weeks of gestation and has a history of depression. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
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Obtain a referral for a mental health provider.
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Assist the client with alternative treatments.
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Request a prescription for fluoxetine.
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Assess the client's support system.
Explanation
Explanation
The nurse’s first action is to perform a comprehensive assessment, which includes evaluating the client’s support system. Understanding the availability of emotional, social, and practical support helps determine the client’s current coping ability, risk for worsening depression, and immediate safety needs. This assessment guides appropriate planning for referrals, therapy options, or medication management and ensures care is individualized before initiating specific interventions.Correct Answer Is:
D. Assess the client's support system.How to Order
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