ATI RN VATI Comprehensive Predictor
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Free ATI RN VATI Comprehensive Predictor Questions
A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child who has severe dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
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Blood pressure 94/68 mm Hg
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Urinary output 30 mL/hr
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Respiratory rate 24/min
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Heart rate 152/min
Explanation
D. Heart rate 152/min:
Tachycardia is one of the earliest and most significant signs of severe dehydration in children.
As intravascular volume decreases, the heart compensates by increasing rate to maintain cardiac
output. A heart rate of 152/min in a 7-year-old is markedly elevated and consistent with severe
dehydration.
A nurse is caring for a client following insertion of a subclavian nontunneled percutaneous central venous catheter (CVC). The provider writes a prescription to initiate an IV infusion of Ringer's lactate at 150 mL per hour. Prior to starting the infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
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Apply oxygen at 3 L/min per nasal cannula.
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Review the chest x-ray report.
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Flush the catheter with sterile water.
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Obtain a peripheral blood glucose level.
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) Review the chest x-ray report.
Before initiating any infusion through a newly inserted CVC, the nurse must confirm correct catheter tip placement via chest x-ray. A misplaced CVC tip can lead to serious complications including cardiac arrhythmias, hemothorax, or infusion of fluids into the pleural space. Starting an infusion without radiographic confirmation is unsafe practice.
Applying oxygen is not indicated unless the client shows signs of respiratory distress unrelated to CVC placement. CVCs must never be flushed with sterile water, as it is hypotonic and can cause hemolysis — normal saline is the appropriate flush solution. Obtaining a peripheral blood glucose level is unrelated to confirming CVC placement and is not a required pre-infusion action.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous feedings via NG tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
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Irrigate the client's tube with 10 mL of cool water every 6 hr.
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Elevate the head of the client's bed to a 15° angle.
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Replace the client's feeding bag every 72 hr.
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Check the client's gastric residual every 4 hr.
Explanation
D. Check the client's gastric residual every 4 hr:
For clients receiving continuous enteral feeding, the nurse should check gastric residual
volumes at least every 4 hours to monitor tolerance, prevent aspiration, and identify delayed
gastric emptying. Regular residual checks help guide feeding rates and prevent complications
such as vomiting and aspiration pneumonia.
A 19-year-old client with bipolar disorder has had their lithium dose increased from 300 mg to 600 mg PO twice daily. The client states, "I'm not taking my medication anymore. I don't like the way it makes me feel." Which teaching should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
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Use caution when driving until response to this medication is known
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Episodes of confusion are an expected adverse effect of this medication
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Notify provider if experiencing difficulty breathing while on this medication
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Restrict sodium intake while taking this medication
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Expect to lose weight while taking this medication
Explanation
Correct Answers: A) Use caution when driving until response to this medication is known and C) Notify provider if experiencing difficulty breathing while on this medication
Lithium can cause drowsiness, tremors, and cognitive slowing, which impair the ability to drive safely — the client must be cautioned until their individual response to the adjusted dose is established. Difficulty breathing is not a typical lithium side effect and could indicate a serious adverse reaction requiring immediate provider notification. Confusion is not an expected or acceptable adverse effect of lithium — if it occurs, it may signal lithium toxicity and must be reported. Sodium intake should actually be maintained consistently, not restricted — low sodium levels cause lithium retention and increase toxicity risk. Lithium does not cause weight loss; it is more commonly associated with weight gain and fluid retention.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a sealed radiation implant and is to remain in the hospital for 1 week. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care?
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Limit each of the client's visitors to 1 hr per day.
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Remove dirty linens from the room after double bagging.
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Wear a dosimeter film badge while in the client's room.
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Ensure family members remain at least 1 m (3.2 feet) from the client.
Explanation
Nurses caring for clients with internal (sealed) radiation implants must wear a dosimeter film
badge to measure cumulative exposure to radiation. This ensures staff safety and allows the
hospital to monitor and limit radiation exposure according to regulatory standards. The badge is
assigned to one person only and must not be shared. Wearing it is a core component of
time–distance–shielding principles used in radiation safety.
A nurse is planning care for a client who takes haloperidol for the treatment of schizophrenia. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care?
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Monitor the client for hypothermia.
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Screen the client for tardive dyskinesia.
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Check the client's weekly potassium level.
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Schedule the client for a 24-hr urine collection.
Explanation
B. Screen the client for tardive dyskinesia:
Haloperidol, a first-generation antipsychotic, has a high risk of extrapyramidal symptoms
(EPS), including tardive dyskinesia. This condition involves involuntary, repetitive movements
(lip smacking, tongue protrusion, grimacing) and can become irreversible. Regular screening
using tools such as the AIMS scale must be included in the plan of care to identify early signs
and adjust treatment promptly.
A nurse is caring for a client who had a partial laryngectomy and is receiving continuous enteral feedings at 65 mL/hr through a gastrostomy tube. Which of the following findings requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
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The gastric residual volume is 250 mL following 2 hr of infusion.
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The client is lying in a supine position.
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The infusion pump for administering continuous feeding is turned off.
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The enteral feeding bag and tubing are not dated.
Explanation
B. The client is lying in a supine position:
A client receiving continuous enteral feeding must never lie flat, especially a client with a
partial laryngectomy who already has a compromised airway. Supine positioning dramatically
increases the risk for aspiration, which can quickly lead to aspiration pneumonia or respiratory
failure. This is an immediate priority and requires urgent repositioning to at least 30°–45°.
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1-day postoperative following abdominal surgery. On assessment, the nurse notices evisceration from the surgical site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
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Apply saturated abdominal dressing.
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Cleanse the site with hydrogen peroxide.
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Cover the site with dry, sterile gauze.
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Use sterile gloves to reinsert protruding viscera.
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) Apply saturated abdominal dressing.
Evisceration — the protrusion of internal organs through a surgical wound — is a surgical emergency. The exposed viscera must be immediately covered with sterile gauze moistened (saturated) with normal saline to keep the tissue moist and viable, preventing desiccation and further injury while awaiting emergency surgical intervention. The client should be kept in low Fowler's position with knees slightly bent to reduce tension on the wound.
Hydrogen peroxide is caustic to tissue and is strictly contraindicated for wound care — it damages healthy cells and delays healing. Dry sterile gauze is contraindicated for evisceration — it will adhere to and damage the exposed organs; only moist sterile dressings are appropriate. Attempting to manually reinsert protruding viscera is strictly contraindicated — only a surgeon in a sterile operative environment should address organ replacement, and attempting it at the bedside risks contamination, vascular injury, and organ damage.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a deep vein thrombosis in the right leg. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
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Maintain client on bed rest.
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Elevate the client's affected extremity.
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Apply cold compresses to the client's affected extremity.
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Massage the muscle of the client's affected extremity.
Explanation
B. Elevate the client's affected extremity:
Elevation of the affected leg promotes venous return, reduces edema, and decreases pain
associated with DVT. Elevating the extremity above the level of the heart helps prevent further
venous stasis and decreases the risk of clot propagation. This is a key noninvasive intervention
while the client is receiving anticoagulation therapy.
A nurse is teaching a client and their family about home hospice care. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
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Hospice care improves quality of life through palliative care.
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Hospice care provides 24-hr, in-home care.
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Hospice care is intended to postpone death.
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Hospice care encourages the family to coordinate health care services.
Explanation
A. Hospice care improves quality of life through palliative care:
Hospice focuses on comfort, symptom management, emotional support, and quality of life
for clients with a terminal illness and a prognosis of 6 months or less. The goal is not to cure
disease but to ensure comfort, dignity, and support for both the client and family. This is the
central purpose of hospice and demonstrates correct understanding.
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