Introduction to IT (C182)
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Free Introduction to IT (C182) Questions
Which type of database is characterized by a single large table without relations between tables?
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Object-oriented
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Relational
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Flat file
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Hierarchical
Explanation
Correct Answer
C. Flat file
Explanation
A flat file database consists of a single table containing all the data with no relationships between different pieces of information. It is typically used for small-scale applications and lacks the complexity of relational databases.
Why other options are wrong
A. Object-oriented is incorrect because object-oriented databases store data as objects rather than in a single table.
B. Relational is incorrect because relational databases organize data in multiple tables with relationships between them.
D. Hierarchical is incorrect because hierarchical databases store data in a tree-like structure, not in a single large table.
Which network topology is described as the simplest and most cost-effective?
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Star topology
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Bus topology
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Mesh topology
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Ring topology
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. Bus topology
Explanation
Bus topology is considered the simplest and most cost-effective network topology because it uses a single main cable to connect all devices, reducing the need for additional networking hardware. However, it has limitations in scalability and fault tolerance.
Why other options are wrong
A. Star topology is incorrect because it requires a central hub or switch, making it more expensive than a bus topology.
C. Mesh topology is incorrect because it requires multiple connections between devices, which increases cost and complexity.
D. Ring topology is incorrect because it involves a closed-loop structure, requiring more cabling and making troubleshooting more difficult.
In which topology does each device connect directly to every other device?
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Bus topology
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Ring topology
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Star topology
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Mesh topology
Explanation
Correct Answer
D. Mesh topology
Explanation
In a mesh topology, every device is connected directly to every other device. This creates multiple pathways for data to travel, ensuring high reliability and fault tolerance.
Why other options are wrong
A. Bus topology is incorrect because devices share a single communication cable rather than connecting directly to each other.
B. Ring topology is incorrect because each device is connected to exactly two other devices, forming a closed-loop network.
C. Star topology is incorrect because all devices connect to a central hub or switch, rather than directly to each other.
Which of the following is NOT a method of data input mentioned in the text?
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Bar code reader
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Keyboard shortcuts
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Microphone
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Camera
Explanation
Correct Answer
B. Keyboard shortcuts
Explanation
Keyboard shortcuts are a way to perform functions more quickly on a computer, but they are not a method of data input. Data input methods refer to devices or tools used to enter raw data into a computer system.
Why other options are wrong
A. Bar code reader is incorrect because it scans barcodes and inputs product data into a system.
C. Microphone is incorrect because it is used for voice input and speech recognition, making it a data input method.
D. Camera is incorrect because it captures images or video, which are forms of data input.
What is the role of user accounts in the IT context?
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None of the above
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Guest User
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System Administrator
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Employee
Explanation
Correct Answer:
C. System Administrator
Explanation:
In the IT context, user accounts are typically managed by a System Administrator, who is responsible for creating, maintaining, and securing user accounts within a system or network.
Why other options are wrong:
None of the above: None of the above is incorrect because the System Administrator is a valid role related to user accounts.
Guest User. Guest User is incorrect because this refers to a type of user account with limited permissions, not a role responsible for managing accounts.
Employee: Employee is incorrect because this refers to a general user of the system, not the role responsible for managing user accounts.
An outbound modem converts
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Analog to Analog
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Digital to Digital
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Analog to Digital
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Digital to Analog
Explanation
Correct Answer
D. Digital to Analog
Explanation
A modem (modulator-demodulator) is used to convert digital signals from a computer into analog signals for transmission over telephone lines. When sending data (outbound), the modem converts digital signals into analog format for communication. When receiving data (inbound), it converts analog signals back to digital format.
Why other options are wrong
A. Analog to Analog. This would imply no conversion is taking place, which is not the function of a modem.
B. Digital to Digital. This process does not require a modem, as digital-to-digital conversion occurs in other computing processes, such as file transfers.
C. Analog to Digital. This describes the inbound function of a modem, not outbound conversion.
What does LAN stand for?
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Allows hardware sharing between offices in geographically dispersed locations
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Allows software sharing between two offices
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Allows hardware sharing within one office
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Allows hardware sharing between two offices
Explanation
Correct Answer
C. Allows hardware sharing within one office
Explanation
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that connects computers and devices within a limited area, such as an office, school, or home. It enables resource sharing, including hardware like printers and storage devices, within that local environment.
Why other options are wrong
A. Allows hardware sharing between offices in geographically dispersed locations. This is incorrect because a LAN operates within a single location, while a Wide Area Network (WAN) connects multiple distant offices.
B. Allows software sharing between two offices. This is incorrect because while software can be shared on a LAN, the definition of a LAN focuses on connecting devices in one physical location, not necessarily between separate offices.
D. Allows hardware sharing between two offices. This is incorrect because a LAN is confined to a single physical area, whereas connecting two offices would require a WAN.
What does packet switching do in a network?
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It stores data temporarily before sending
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It encrypts data for secure transmission
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It breaks communication into small packets of data
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It compresses data to save bandwidth
Explanation
Correct Answer
C. It breaks communication into small packets of data
Explanation
Packet switching divides data into smaller packets before transmitting them across a network. These packets can take different paths and are reassembled at the destination. This method is used in the internet and most modern networks.
Why other options are wrong
A. It stores data temporarily before sending is incorrect because packet switching does not store data for extended periods; it routes it dynamically.
B. It encrypts data for secure transmission is incorrect because packet switching itself does not provide encryption, though encryption can be applied separately.
D. It compresses data to save bandwidth is incorrect because packet switching does not inherently involve compression, though some protocols use compression alongside packet switching.
What is a primary function of an FTP server?
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To upload and download files
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To provide email services
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To manage user accounts
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To host websites
Explanation
Correct Answer
A. To upload and download files
Explanation
An FTP (File Transfer Protocol) server allows users to transfer files between computers over a network. It facilitates uploading and downloading of files, often used for website management, data storage, and file sharing.
Why other options are wrong
B. To provide email services is incorrect because email services are handled by mail servers (e.g., SMTP, IMAP, POP3).
C. To manage user accounts is incorrect because account management is typically handled by directory services like Active Directory.
D. To host websites is incorrect because web hosting is the role of a web server (e.g., Apache, Nginx).
What role does a proxy server play in an organization?
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It acts as a cache for web pages and provides anonymity for users.
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It is a type of firewall that blocks all incoming traffic.
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It stores all user data for analysis and reporting purposes.
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It directly connects users to the internet without any filtering.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A. It acts as a cache for web pages and provides anonymity for users.
Explanation
A proxy server acts as an intermediary between users and the internet. It improves performance by caching frequently accessed web pages and enhances security by hiding users' IP addresses, providing anonymity. It can also be used for content filtering and monitoring web activity.
Why other options are wrong
B. It is a type of firewall that blocks all incoming traffic is incorrect because a proxy server does not function as a full-fledged firewall; it primarily filters and routes requests.
C. It stores all user data for analysis and reporting purposes is incorrect because while proxies can log traffic data, their primary function is not to store user data.
D. It directly connects users to the internet without any filtering is incorrect because proxies act as intermediaries, not direct connections.
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