C845 Information Systems Security
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Free C845 Information Systems Security Questions
In information security, what is the primary purpose of implementing a countermeasure?
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To enhance the performance of IT systems
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To mitigate or eliminate the impact of identified threats
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To increase the complexity of security protocols
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To ensure compliance with regulatory standards
Explanation
Explanation:
A countermeasure is implemented in information security to reduce, mitigate, or eliminate the potential impact of identified threats on an organization’s assets. Countermeasures can include technical solutions, policies, procedures, or controls designed to protect confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. Their purpose is not to enhance system performance or merely increase protocol complexity, but to proactively defend against risks and ensure that threats do not compromise organizational operations or data security.
Correct Answer:
To mitigate or eliminate the impact of identified threats
In the realm of risk management, how is the term 'vulnerability' best defined?
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A flaw in a security system that prevents data access.
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An inherent weakness that can be exploited by a threat to compromise an asset.
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A measure of the effectiveness of security controls.
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A type of threat that targets information systems.
Explanation
Explanation:
In risk management, a vulnerability refers to an inherent weakness or flaw in a system, process, or control that can be exploited by a threat actor to compromise an asset. Vulnerabilities may exist in software, hardware, or human procedures and can lead to unauthorized access, data loss, or service disruption if not properly mitigated. Unlike threats, which are potential sources of harm, vulnerabilities represent the conditions that make an organization susceptible to attack. Identifying and addressing vulnerabilities is a key component of reducing overall risk.
Correct Answer:
An inherent weakness that can be exploited by a threat to compromise an asset
In the context of disaster recovery planning, what does the Recovery Point Objective (RPO) signify?
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The maximum time allowed for system recovery
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The maximum acceptable amount of data loss measured in time
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The total cost of recovery efforts
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The minimum security measures required for data protection
Explanation
Explanation:
The Recovery Point Objective (RPO) in disaster recovery planning represents the maximum acceptable amount of data loss measured in time. It defines how much data an organization can afford to lose in the event of a disruption, guiding backup frequency and data replication strategies. For example, an RPO of four hours indicates that backups should be performed at least every four hours to minimize data loss. RPO focuses on data continuity rather than the total cost or system recovery time.
Correct Answer:
The maximum acceptable amount of data loss measured in time
What is a Denial of Service (DoS) attack?
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Overwhelming a system to make it unusable.
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Gaining unauthorized access to data.
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Encrypting data and demanding a ransom
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Physically damaging hardware.
Explanation
Explanation:
A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is a type of cyberattack where an attacker overwhelms a computer, server, or network with excessive requests or traffic, rendering it unable to perform its normal functions. The primary goal is to disrupt services, making the system unavailable to legitimate users. DoS attacks focus on denying access rather than stealing or modifying data, and they can lead to downtime, financial losses, and reputational damage.
Correct Answer:
Overwhelming a system to make it unusable.
What is the primary purpose of using cryptographic techniques in information systems security?
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To enhance system performance
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To protect data confidentiality and integrity
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To simplify user authentication
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To eliminate all security risks
Explanation
Explanation:
Cryptographic techniques are fundamental to information systems security because they ensure that data remains confidential, authentic, and unaltered during storage or transmission. Encryption protects the confidentiality of information by making it unreadable to unauthorized users, while hashing and digital signatures help maintain data integrity and authenticity. Although cryptography can support authentication mechanisms, its primary purpose is to safeguard data from unauthorized access and tampering, not to improve system performance or completely eliminate risks.
Correct Answer:
To protect data confidentiality and integrity
Which of the following represents a category of loss that organizations may encounter in the realm of information systems security?
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Financial losses due to fraud
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Loss of intellectual property
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Loss of customer trust
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All of the above
Explanation
Explanation:
Organizations face multiple categories of loss in information systems security. Financial losses can result from fraud, theft, or operational disruption. Loss of intellectual property can occur if proprietary information or trade secrets are stolen. Additionally, security incidents can erode customer trust, damaging reputation and reducing future business opportunities. Because all these outcomes represent potential losses from security breaches, organizations must address each category to maintain overall security and business resilience.
Correct Answer:
All of the above
What are malicious attempts to access or damage a computer system?
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digital trust
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downtime
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cyberattacks
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ediscovery
Explanation
Explanation:
Cyberattacks are deliberate and malicious attempts to access, disrupt, or damage computer systems, networks, or data. These attacks can take various forms, including malware, phishing, ransomware, and denial-of-service attacks, and they threaten the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information systems. Cyberattacks differ from downtime, which refers to system unavailability, and from digital trust or eDiscovery, which relate to security confidence and legal data retrieval, respectively.
Correct Answer:
cyberattacks
Which of the following best describes a threat in the context of information systems security?
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A vulnerability that can be exploited by an attacker
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An event that has the potential to cause harm to an asset
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A safeguard implemented to protect data
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A type of data classification standard
Explanation
Explanation:
In information systems security, a threat is defined as any event, circumstance, or action that has the potential to cause harm to an asset, such as data, systems, or networks. Threats can be intentional, like cyberattacks, or unintentional, such as natural disasters or human errors. Identifying threats is essential for risk assessment, enabling organizations to implement appropriate safeguards and mitigate potential damage.
Correct Answer:
An event that has the potential to cause harm to an asset
What is the primary objective of developing a contingency plan within an organization's risk management framework?
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To ensure compliance with regulatory requirements
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To establish a proactive approach to prevent all risks
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To enable a swift and organized response to unforeseen incidents
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To minimize the cost of security measures
Explanation
Explanation:
A contingency plan is a structured approach designed to prepare an organization for unexpected events, such as system failures, natural disasters, or cyberattacks. Its primary objective is to ensure a swift, organized, and effective response to minimize disruption and maintain continuity of operations. While regulatory compliance and risk prevention are important, the main focus of a contingency plan is on preparedness and response, ensuring the organization can recover quickly from unforeseen incidents.
Correct Answer:
To enable a swift and organized response to unforeseen incidents
Which of the following best describes the impact of a Denial of Service (DoS) attack on an organization's network?
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It enhances the network's performance by redistributing traffic.
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It makes network services unavailable by flooding them with excessive requests
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It secures the network by identifying vulnerabilities
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It improves data integrity by limiting access to authorized users.
Explanation
Explanation:
A Denial of Service (DoS) attack disrupts the normal functioning of a network by overwhelming its resources with excessive traffic, making services unavailable to legitimate users. This type of attack targets the availability aspect of the CIA Triad, aiming to interrupt operations rather than compromising confidentiality or integrity. DoS attacks can cause significant operational and financial impacts by preventing access to critical systems and services.
Correct Answer:
It makes network services unavailable by flooding them with excessive requests
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