Pharmacy Technician Certification Board (PTCB)
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Free Pharmacy Technician Certification Board (PTCB) Questions
Which of the following generally pumps blood away from the heart?
- A. Arteries
- B. Intestines
- C. Veins
- D. Capillaries
Explanation
Explanation
Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. They have thick, muscular walls to withstand the high pressure of blood pumped by the heart. Veins, in contrast, return blood to the heart, capillaries allow exchange of nutrients and waste, and intestines are organs, not blood vessels. Understanding the role of arteries is crucial for circulatory physiology and medication delivery.Correct Answer Is:
ArteriesMrs. Taylor has edema, so her doctor decided to prescribe Lasix®. What is the generic for this medication?
- A. Duloxetine
- B. Furosemide
- C. Loratadine
- D. Acetaminophen
Explanation
Lasix® is the brand name for furosemide, a loop diuretic used to treat edema associated with heart failure, liver disease, or kidney disorders. It works by increasing the excretion of sodium and water from the body. Duloxetine is an antidepressant, loratadine is an antihistamine, and acetaminophen is a pain reliever/fever reducer; none are appropriate for edema.
Correct answer:
Furosemide
Xalatan® was written with a sig of 1 drop od qid. What does od stand for?
- A. Both eyes
- B. Both ears
- C. Right eye
- D. Left eye
Explanation
The abbreviation “od” stands for “oculus dexter,” which refers to the right eye. Xalatan® is an ophthalmic solution used to treat glaucoma, and the sig “1 drop od qid” instructs the patient to place one drop in the right eye four times daily (qid = four times per day). Accurate interpretation of these abbreviations ensures proper dosing and administration.
Correct answer:
Right eye
Which government agency enforces controlled substance law and regulation?
- A. FDA
- B. DEA
- C. BOP
- D. OSHA
Explanation
Explanation
The DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) is the federal agency responsible for enforcing laws and regulations related to controlled substances. This includes monitoring the manufacture, distribution, and prescribing of drugs that have a potential for abuse, such as opioids, stimulants, and sedatives. The FDA regulates drug safety and approval, the BOP (Board of Pharmacy) oversees pharmacy practice at the state level, and OSHA ensures workplace safety. The DEA’s role is critical in preventing drug diversion and maintaining public safety.
Correct Answer Is:
DEA
Which of the following areas should a phlebotomist use for a capillary collection from a 2-month-old infant?
- A. Lateral section of the plantar heel
- B. Central area of the heel
- C. Posterior curvature of the heel
- D. Palmer surface of the distal phalanx
Explanation
Explanation
For capillary collection in infants, particularly those under 6 months, the lateral or medial portions of the plantar surface of the heel are recommended. These areas provide sufficient blood flow while avoiding the central area and posterior curvature, which are close to bone and nerves, increasing the risk of injury. The palmar surface of the distal phalanx is used in older children or adults but is not recommended for infants due to small size and risk of tissue damage.Correct Answer Is:
Lateral section of the plantar heelHemoconcentration of a venous blood sample is most often caused when
- A. the site is prepped with povidone iodine.
- B. the tourniquet is in place for more than 2 min.
- C. the specimen is not refrigerated within 30 min.
- D. the needle is removed before the tourniquet.
Explanation
Explanation
Hemoconcentration occurs when blood components become concentrated due to a reduction in plasma volume, typically caused by prolonged stasis. Keeping a tourniquet in place for more than 2 minutes slows venous blood flow and allows plasma to leak into surrounding tissues, concentrating the formed elements in the blood. The use of povidone iodine for site prep, delayed refrigeration, or early needle removal does not directly cause hemoconcentration.Correct Answer Is:
the tourniquet is in place for more than 2 min.Why the other options are incorrect:
The use of povidone iodine for site prep, delayed refrigeration, or early needle removal does not directly cause hemoconcentration.What is the fastest route of administration?
- A. SC
- B. IV
- C. PO
- D. SL
Explanation
Explanation
The intravenous (IV) route delivers medication directly into the bloodstream, providing immediate onset of action. This makes IV administration the fastest way to achieve therapeutic effects. Subcutaneous (SC) injections absorb more slowly through fatty tissue, oral (PO) medications must pass through the digestive system and liver before entering the bloodstream, and sublingual (SL) medications are faster than PO but still slower than IV. IV administration is therefore preferred in emergencies or situations requiring rapid drug action.Correct Answer Is:
IVWhich of the following actions can result in a violation of patient privacy?
- A. Submitting laboratory results to the representative for workers' compensation
- B. Discussing laboratory results with a patient's partner
- C. Providing diagnosis codes to a patient's insurance company
- D. Printing a patient's full name on the specimen label
Explanation
Explanation
Patient privacy is protected under HIPAA and other regulations, which restrict sharing health information without proper authorization. Discussing laboratory results with a patient’s partner without the patient’s consent violates confidentiality. Submitting results to an authorized workers’ compensation representative or providing necessary diagnosis codes to insurance are permitted under regulations. Printing the patient’s name on a specimen label is standard practice for proper identification and does not constitute a privacy violation.Correct Answer Is:
Discussing laboratory results with a patient's partnerWhy the other options are incorrect:
Submitting results to an authorized workers’ compensation representative or providing necessary diagnosis codes to insurance are permitted under regulations. Printing the patient’s name on a specimen label is standard practice for proper identification and does not constitute a privacy violation.Which piece of legislation separated medication into two groups, OTC and Legend Drugs?
- A. Pure Food and Drug Act
- B. Controlled Substances Act
- C. Durham-Humphrey Amendment
- D. Kefauver-Harris Amendment
Explanation
Explanation
The Durham-Humphrey Amendment of 1951 formally separated medications into two categories: over-the-counter (OTC) and legend drugs (prescription-only). This legislation clarified which drugs require a physician’s authorization and which can be sold directly to consumers, creating a foundation for modern prescription regulation. The other acts address drug safety, manufacturing, or controlled substances but do not make this OTC/prescription distinction.Correct Answer Is:
Durham-Humphrey AmendmentWhich of the following is true regarding hazardous materials?
- A. All of these answers are correct
- B. Compounding of sterile hazardous medications must be done in a biological "vertical" laminar flow hood at negative pressure
- C. Handling of all hazardous material must be done with proper protective equipment
- D. Hazardous medication must be stored away from other medications
Explanation
All of the listed practices are essential for safely handling hazardous medications. Sterile hazardous medications must be compounded in a vertical laminar flow hood under negative pressure to prevent contamination and exposure to the worker. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, gowns, and eye protection, is mandatory when handling hazardous materials to minimize risk. Additionally, hazardous medications must be stored separately from non-hazardous medications to prevent cross-contamination. Following all these protocols ensures safety for both pharmacy personnel and patients.
Correct answer:
All of these answers are correct
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