CHEM 120 W8 Exam3 and W8 Lab Practicum at Chamberlain University
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Free CHEM 120 W8 Exam3 and W8 Lab Practicum at Chamberlain University Questions
Which of the following compounds can be used as a fuel for vehicles?
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Propanone
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Methyl Propanoate
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Methanal
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Octane
Explanation
Octane is a hydrocarbon belonging to the alkane family and is a major component of gasoline. It combusts efficiently in internal combustion engines, providing the energy required to power vehicles. The “octane rating” of fuel actually refers to its resistance to knocking during combustion, making octane a key standard in evaluating fuel performance and quality.
The condensed structural formula for the compound ethene is:
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CH₂CH₂
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CH₄
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CCl₄
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CH₃CH₃
Explanation
Ethene (also called ethylene) is a hydrocarbon with the formula C₂H₄. It contains a double bond between the two carbon atoms, making it an alkene. The condensed structural formula is written as CH₂=CH₂ or CH₂CH₂ (with the understanding that a double bond is present).
If your planned experiment was able to produce conclusive results, what needs to be done to prove that your hypothesis is true?
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Perform an experiment with more experimental controls
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Reproduce results with replicates
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Present results in a scientific journal
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Test your independent variable on a large human test group
Explanation
Scientific validity depends on repeatability. Reproducing experimental results with multiple replicates confirms that findings are consistent, reliable, and not due to random chance. Replication helps establish the accuracy of your hypothesis by ensuring that the same results occur under identical conditions, strengthening confidence in the conclusion and supporting scientific credibility.
Which biomolecule is produced in the nucleus during transcription, carries genetic instructions to ribosomes, and can exit the nucleus to participate in protein synthesis?
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Proteins
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DNA
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RNA
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Lipids
Explanation
RNA (ribonucleic acid) is synthesized in the nucleus through transcription, a process in which DNA is used as a template to create a complementary RNA strand. Messenger RNA (mRNA) then exits the nucleus through nuclear pores and carries genetic information to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where proteins are synthesized. This mobility between the nucleus and cytoplasm distinguishes RNA from DNA, which remains confined within the nucleus.
Which of the following functional groups is used as an important component of hand sanitizers?
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Carboxylic acid
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Alcohol
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Alkane
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Ketone
Explanation
Alcohols, particularly ethanol and isopropanol, are the primary active ingredients in most hand sanitizers. They work by denaturing proteins and dissolving lipids in microbial cell membranes, effectively killing bacteria and viruses. Concentrations of 60–70% alcohol are proven to be most effective for disinfection while remaining safe for skin use.
Based on the relationships between molar mass, moles, and mass of the substance, how many moles are in a typical bottle of water that contains 500 g of water?
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27.8 moles
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9005 moles
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18.01 moles
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0.0360 moles
Explanation
To find the number of moles, divide the given mass by the molar mass of water. The molar mass of H₂O is approximately 18.0 g/mol.
Moles = mass ÷ molar mass = 500 g ÷ 18.0 g/mol = 27.78 mol.
Thus, a 500 g sample of water contains about 27.8 moles of H₂O molecules, representing the total amount of substance present in the bottle.
Which of the following would be considered particulate radiation?
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Alpha decay
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Visible light
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IR (infrared) radiation
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rays
Explanation
Particulate radiation consists of tiny particles of matter that have mass and may carry an electrical charge. Alpha decay involves the emission of alpha particles, each composed of two protons and two neutrons—essentially a helium nucleus. These particles are heavy and positively charged, and they interact strongly with matter, causing significant ionization over a short range.
Blood is known to be a buffered solution in the body. Does the intake of acidic or alkaline foods significantly affect the blood pH?
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No, the blood pH is constant.
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Yes, the pH increases after eating.
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Yes, acidic food decreases pH and alkaline food increases it.
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No, the blood pH fluctuates randomly.
Explanation
The human body maintains blood pH within a narrow range of about 7.35–7.45 through buffer systems such as the bicarbonate–carbonic acid system. These buffers neutralize excess acids or bases to prevent significant pH changes. While food may temporarily alter the pH of saliva or urine, blood pH remains tightly regulated by the lungs and kidneys, ensuring stable physiological conditions necessary for enzyme function and cellular processes.
If a person's body suddenly became unable to do the process of translation, what biomolecule class would you be immediately unable to produce?
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Proteins
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DNA
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Carbohydrates
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Lipids
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RNA
Explanation
Translation is the cellular process in which ribosomes read messenger RNA (mRNA) to assemble amino acids into specific protein sequences. If translation stops, the body cannot produce proteins—essential molecules responsible for structure, enzymes, transport, and signaling. Without protein synthesis, nearly all cellular functions, including metabolism, growth, and repair, would cease, leading to system-wide failure in biological processes.
During transcription, a DNA molecule has the partial sequence: GGT-AAA-AAC. What mRNA sequence is made?
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GGT-AAA-AAC
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TTT-TTG-CCA
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GGU-AAA-AAC
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CCA-UUU-UUG
Explanation
During transcription, the mRNA strand is formed complementary to the DNA template strand. Base-pairing rules are as follows:
DNA G pairs with RNA C
DNA C pairs with RNA G
DNA A pairs with RNA U
DNA T pairs with RNA A
So, if the DNA template sequence is GGT-AAA-AAC, the complementary mRNA sequence will be:
CCA-UUU-UUG
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