NUR 4455 Care of Families- Childbearing Nursing Exam 2 Fall 2025 at Florida International University
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Free NUR 4455 Care of Families- Childbearing Nursing Exam 2 Fall 2025 at Florida International University Questions
A new father wants to know what medication was put into his infant’s eyes and why it is needed. The nurse explains the purpose of Erythromycin is to:
- A. Erythromycin prevents potentially harmful exudate from invading the tear ducts of the infant's eyes, leading to dry eyes
- B. Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment destroys an infectious exudate caused by Staphylococcus that could make the infant blind
- C. This ointment prevents the infant's eyelids from sticking together and helps the infant see
- D. This ophthalmic ointment prevents gonorrheal infection of the infant's eyes, potentially acquired from the birth canal
Explanation
Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment is administered to all newborns within 1–2 hours after birth as a prophylactic treatment to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum, an eye infection caused primarily by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and, to a lesser extent, Chlamydia trachomatis. These infections can be transmitted as the baby passes through the birth canal and, if untreated, can lead to severe conjunctivitis and blindness. The ointment provides protection regardless of the mother’s known infection status.
A nurse is assisting a client who is postpartum with her first breastfeeding experience. When the client asks how much of the nipple she should put into the newborn's mouth, which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. "Your baby's mouth is rather small so the baby will only place their mouth on the nipple."
- B. "You should place your nipple and the areola into the newborn's mouth."
- C. "You can supplement with formula since you're having a difficult time."
- D. "Babies know instinctively how much of the nipple to take into their mouth."
Explanation
For effective breastfeeding, the newborn should latch onto both the nipple and a large portion of the areola, not just the nipple. This deep latch allows the baby’s tongue and gums to compress the lactiferous sinuses beneath the areola, facilitating efficient milk transfer and reducing maternal nipple soreness or damage. The baby’s lips should be flanged outward, and the chin should touch the breast. This ensures a proper seal and effective milk removal.
The nurse is reviewing bottle-feeding techniques with a new mom. Which statement by the mom indicates additional teaching is needed?
- A. "I will keep the nipple filled with formula."
- B. "The baby needs to be upright while bottle feeding."
- C. "I will use a pillow to hold the bottle upright in the baby's mouth."
- D. "I will do skin-to-skin while feeding my baby."
Explanation
Using a pillow or prop to hold a bottle is unsafe and indicates a need for further teaching. This practice can cause aspiration, choking, ear infections, and tooth decay, and it prevents bonding between parent and baby. The baby should always be held during feeding, with the bottle manually supported to control the flow of milk and allow for eye contact and interaction.
A new mother recalls from prenatal class that she should try to feed her newborn daughter when she exhibits feeding readiness cues. Which feeding cue would indicate that the baby is ready to eat?
- A. Positive Moro reflex
- B. Crying
- C. Has the hiccups
- D. Makes hand-to-mouth motions
Explanation
Early feeding cues indicate that a newborn is ready to eat before becoming distressed. One of the most reliable early signs is when the baby brings hands to the mouth, roots, sucks on fingers, or turns the head toward stimuli (rooting reflex). Feeding at this stage promotes a calm feeding experience and effective latch. Waiting until the baby cries (a late cue) can make feeding more difficult because the infant is often too upset to coordinate sucking and swallowing.
Which client is most likely to experience strong and uncomfortable afterpains?
- A. A woman who is bottle-feeding her infant
- B. A woman who experienced oligohydramnios
- C. A woman whose infant weighed 5 pounds, 3 ounces
- D. A client who delivered twins
Explanation
Afterpains are intermittent uterine contractions that occur as the uterus involutes (shrinks back to its pre-pregnancy size). They are caused by the release of oxytocin, which stimulates uterine contractions. Afterpains are more intense in women with overdistended uteri, such as those who delivered twins, a large baby, or had polyhydramnios. The uterus must contract more forcefully to regain its normal tone, leading to stronger and more uncomfortable cramping.
A newborn is lying naked on a cold mattress near a drafty window. Which two types of heat loss are occurring simultaneously?
- A. Radiation and convection
- B. Conduction and evaporation
- C. Radiation and conduction
- D. Convection and evaporation
Explanation
In this scenario, the newborn is exposed to two mechanisms of heat loss:
●Radiation: Heat is lost from the baby’s body to nearby cooler surfaces, such as the cold window or wall, even without direct contact.
●Convection: Heat is lost to the cool air currents moving around the baby, such as from the drafty window.
Both processes occur when a newborn is unclothed in a cool environment, putting the baby at risk for hypothermia. The nurse should immediately dry, wrap, and move the newborn away from drafts or cold surfaces to prevent further heat loss.
A nurse is caring for a newborn immediately following birth. After establishing a patent airway, what is the next priority nursing action?
- A. Administer vitamin K
- B. Dry and stimulate the newborn
- C. Administer eye prophylaxis
- D. Place an identification bracelet on the newborn and mom
Explanation
After ensuring the newborn’s airway is clear and patent, the next priority is to dry and stimulate the newborn. Drying prevents heat loss through evaporation, which is a major risk immediately after birth, as newborns cannot regulate body temperature effectively. Stimulating the infant by rubbing the back or soles helps initiate spontaneous respirations and maintain a healthy heart rate and oxygenation. This step supports both thermoregulation and respiratory adaptation, which are essential for neonatal survival.
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 hour postpartum and observes minimal lochia rubra with a dime-sized clot on the sanitary pad. The fundus is midline and firm at the umbilicus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Document the findings and continue to monitor
- B. Notify the provider
- C. Increase the frequency of fundal massage
- D. Encourage the client to empty her bladder
Explanation
At 1 hour postpartum, it is normal to find a firm, midline fundus at the level of the umbilicus with small to moderate lochia rubra (dark red discharge) and occasional small clots (less than the size of a plum). These findings indicate a well-contracted uterus and normal postpartum recovery. Since there are no signs of hemorrhage or deviation, the nurse should document these normal findings and continue routine monitoring every 15–30 minutes during the immediate postpartum period.
A woman gave birth to a 7-pound, 6-ounce infant girl 1 hour ago. The birth was vaginal, and the estimated blood loss (EBL) was 1500 mL. When evaluating the woman’s vital signs, which finding would be of greatest concern to the nurse?
- A. Temperature 37.4°C, heart rate 100 bpm, respirations 18 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 126/68 mm Hg
- B. Temperature 37.9°C, heart rate 115 bpm, respirations 22 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg
- C. Temperature 38°C, heart rate 80 bpm, respirations 16 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 110/80 mm Hg
- D. Temperature 36.8°C, heart rate 60 bpm, respirations 20 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg
Explanation
An EBL of 1500 mL indicates a postpartum hemorrhage (normal EBL for a vaginal birth is ≤500 mL). The vital signs in option B show tachycardia (HR 115) and hypotension (BP 90/50)—classic signs of hypovolemic shock due to significant blood loss. The mild increase in temperature may result from normal exertion or dehydration, but the low blood pressure and elevated heart rate require immediate intervention to prevent circulatory collapse. The nurse should assess the uterus for atony, check bleeding, start IV fluids, and notify the provider immediately.
A client is attending her 2-week postpartum follow-up visit. She reports that she is having vaginal discharge. When assessing this client, which finding would the nurse educate the client that this adaptation is normal?
- A. Lochia rubra
- B. Lochia sangra
- C. Lochia serosa
- D. Lochia alba
Explanation
At 2 weeks postpartum, it is normal for vaginal discharge to be lochia serosa. Lochia serosa typically appears from about day 4 through day 10–14 after delivery. It is pink or brownish in color and has a watery or serous consistency as the amount of blood decreases and wound healing progresses. This indicates normal uterine involution and healing of the placental site.
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