PHYS 5320 DPT2 Physics: Electricity and Magnetism
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Free PHYS 5320 DPT2 Physics: Electricity and Magnetism Questions
If the magnetic flux through a loop of wire is suddenly changed, which of the following statements about the induced current will be true?
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The induced current will flow in a direction that creates a magnetic field to oppose the change in flux but will be short-lived.
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The induced current will flow in a direction that creates a magnetic field to enhance the change in flux but will be short-lived.
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The induced current will flow in a direction that creates a magnetic field to oppose the change in flux and will continue indefinitely
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The induced current will flow in a direction that creates a magnetic field to enhance the change in flux and will continue indefinitely
Explanation
Explanation:
According to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, a changing magnetic flux through a loop induces an electromotive force (EMF) and thus a current in the loop. Lenz’s law states that the induced current flows in a direction that opposes the change in flux. In a normal conductive loop with resistance, the induced current exists only while the flux is changing; once the flux stops changing, the current ceases. Therefore, the induced current is short-lived and opposes the change in flux.
Correct Answer:
The induced current will flow in a direction that creates a magnetic field to oppose the change in flux but will be short-lived.
The filament of a real light bulb is made of tungsten wire. Immediately after the bulb is turned on the rms current in the wire is
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increasing since the resistance of the wire increases as the wire heats up.
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increasing since the resistance of the wire decreases as the wire heats up.
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decreasing since the resistance of the wire increases as the wire heats up.
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decreasing since the resistance of the wire decreases as the wire heats up.
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staying constant since the voltage is constant.
Explanation
Explanation:
Tungsten has a positive temperature coefficient of resistance, meaning its resistance increases as it heats up. When the light bulb is first turned on, the filament is cold, so its resistance is lower than its steady-state value. As it heats up, the resistance rises, causing the rms current to decrease from its initial higher value. Therefore, immediately after turning on, the current starts at a maximum and then decreases as the filament warms.
Correct Answer:
decreasing since the resistance of the wire increases as the wire heats up.
How is the high voltage used in power transmission made safe for residential use?
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By using step-up transformers to increase the voltage before transmission
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By employing circuit breakers to manage the voltage levels
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By utilizing step-down transformers to lower the voltage before it reaches homes
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By converting the voltage to direct current for household appliances
Explanation
Explanation:
High voltage is used in power transmission to reduce energy losses over long distances. However, such high voltage is dangerous for residential use. To make it safe, step-down transformers are used near the point of consumption to reduce the voltage to standard levels suitable for homes, typically 120–240 V depending on the country. Step-up transformers are used only for transmission, circuit breakers protect against faults but do not reduce voltage, and converting to DC is unrelated to voltage safety in homes.
Correct Answer:
By utilizing step-down transformers to lower the voltage before it reaches homes
In a Young's double-slit experiment, if the wavelength of the light used is doubled while keeping the distance from the slits to the screen constant, how does the distance between adjacent bright fringes change?
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It remains the same
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It doubles
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It halves
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It quadruples
Explanation
Explanation:
The fringe spacing in Young’s experiment is Δy = λL/d, where λ is the wavelength, L is the distance to the screen, and d is the slit separation. With L and d constant, doubling λ doubles Δy.
Correct Answer:
It doubles
An RLC series circuit, connected to a source E, is at resonance. Then:
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the voltage across R is zero
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the voltage across R equals the applied voltage
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the voltage across C is zero
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the voltage across L equals the applied voltage
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the applied voltage and current differ in phase by 90
Explanation
Explanation:
In a series RLC circuit at resonance, the inductive reactance XL and capacitive reactance XC are equal in magnitude but opposite in phase. This results in the voltages across the inductor and capacitor canceling each other out. Therefore, the total voltage across the resistor equals the applied voltage. At resonance, the current is in phase with the applied voltage, not 90 degrees out of phase. The voltage across R is maximum, while voltages across L and C can be large but cancel each other out in terms of the total circuit voltage.
Correct Answer:
the voltage across R equals the applied voltage
An ideal transformer has
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no winding resistance
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no eddy current loss
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power out=power in
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all of the above
Explanation
Explanation:
An ideal transformer is a theoretical device in which all losses are neglected. This means it has no winding resistance, so there is no resistive loss in the coils. It also has no eddy current or hysteresis losses in the core. Additionally, the power input to the primary winding equals the power output from the secondary winding, P_in = P_out, because there are no energy losses. Therefore, all of the listed characteristics apply to an ideal transformer.
Correct Answer:
all of the above
A long straight wire lies on a horizontal table and carries an ever-increasing current toward the north. Two coils of wire lie flat on the table, one on either side of the wire. When viewed from above, the direction of the induced current in these coils is
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counterclockwise in both coils
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clockwise in both coils
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counterclockwise in the east coil and clockwise in the west coil
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clockwise in the east coil and counterclockwise in the west coil
Explanation
Explanation:
According to Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law, an increasing current in a wire produces a changing magnetic field around it, which induces currents in nearby coils. The magnetic field circles the wire according to the right-hand rule. For a wire carrying current northward, the magnetic field circulates clockwise when viewed from above on the east side of the wire and counterclockwise on the west side. The induced current in each coil opposes the change in magnetic flux, so the coils develop currents in opposite directions: clockwise in the east coil and counterclockwise in the west coil.
Correct Answer:
clockwise in the east coil and counterclockwise in the west coil
The person to discover superconductivity was ____________.
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Einstein
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K Onnes
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Meissner
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Josephson
Explanation
Explanation:
Superconductivity, the phenomenon of zero electrical resistance in certain materials at very low temperatures, was first discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911. Onnes observed that mercury exhibited zero resistance when cooled below a critical temperature. This discovery laid the foundation for the study of superconducting materials and their applications.
Correct Answer:
K Onnes
What is a very important difference between electric charges and magnetic poles?
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Electric forces follow the inverse-square law.
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Magnetic poles attract opposite magnetic poles.
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Whereas electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles cannot.
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One is magnetic, the other electric.
Explanation
Explanation:
Electric charges can exist as single positive or negative charges, meaning they can be completely isolated. Magnetic poles, however, always occur as north–south pairs; if you cut a magnet in half, you get two smaller magnets each with its own north and south pole. No isolated magnetic monopole has ever been observed. This fundamental distinction separates electric charges from magnetic poles.
Correct Answer:
Whereas electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles cannot.
Doubling the current, number of turns, the area, and the ambient magnetic field for a coil changes the maximum torque it experiences by what factor?
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2
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4
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8
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16
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32
Explanation
Explanation:
The maximum torque on a current-carrying coil in a magnetic field is given by τmax = NIAB, where N is the number of turns, I is the current, A is the area of the coil, and B is the magnetic field. If all four quantities are doubled, the new torque becomes:
τ′= (2N)(2I)(2A)(2B) = 16(NIAB).
Thus, the maximum torque increases by a factor of 16.
Correct Answer:
16
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