PHYS 5320 DPT2 Physics: Electricity and Magnetism
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Free PHYS 5320 DPT2 Physics: Electricity and Magnetism Questions
The drift velocity of the electrons in a wire is ___________ than the electron's average speed.
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very much smaller
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slightly smaller
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slightly larger
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very much larger
Explanation
Explanation:
In a conductor, electrons move randomly at high thermal speeds on the order of 10^5 m/s. However, the net drift velocity due to an applied electric field is extremely small, typically on the order of millimeters per second. Thus the drift velocity is vastly smaller than the electrons’ average random thermal speed.
Correct Answer:
very much smaller
Equipotential surfaces around a point charge are
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cylindrical.
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spherical.
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planar.
Explanation
Explanation:
A point charge creates an electric field that radiates equally in all directions. The potential is the same at all points equidistant from the charge, so the equipotential surfaces are spheres centered on the charge.
Correct Answer:
spherical.
If a magnet with the north end pointing toward a steel ball is flipped over and the South Pole is brought near the hanging ball, will the ball be?
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attracted to the magnet
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repelled by the magnet
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unaffected by the magnet
Explanation
Explanation:
A steel ball is a ferromagnetic material and is attracted to both poles of a magnet. When the north pole of a magnet is near the ball, it is attracted. Flipping the magnet so that the south pole is near the ball does not reverse this behavior; the steel ball will still be attracted. This occurs because ferromagnetic materials experience attraction toward magnetic poles regardless of polarity, as the magnet induces opposite poles in the material.
Correct Answer:
attracted to the magnet
Which of the following statements accurately describes the behavior of charges in electrical insulators?
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Charges are free to move throughout the material.
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Charges can move only under the influence of an external electric field.
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Charges remain fixed in place and do not move under normal conditions.
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Charges can flow easily, allowing for conduction of electricity.
Explanation
Explanation:
In electrical insulators, charges are tightly bound to their atoms or molecules and do not move under normal conditions. This lack of free charge carriers prevents the conduction of electricity, making insulators effective at restricting current flow and protecting conductive components.
Correct Answer:
Charges remain fixed in place and do not move under normal conditions.
If an electron is released at the North Pole and moves downward under the influence of gravity, the magnetic force acting on the electron will be directed toward the ____ assuming the magnetic field is directed toward the north at this location.
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west
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east
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south
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up
Explanation
Explanation:
The magnetic force on a moving charged particle is given by the Lorentz force law, F = q(v × B), where q is the charge, v is the velocity vector, and B is the magnetic field vector. At the North Pole, the Earth's magnetic field is directed toward the geographic north. The electron is moving downward (toward the center of the Earth). Using the right-hand rule for the cross product and noting that an electron has a negative charge, the magnetic force will be opposite to the direction given by the right-hand rule. This results in a force directed toward the east.
Correct Answer:
east
Which of the following statements is true regarding the nature of gravitational and electrostatic forces acting on point masses or charges?
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Both forces are inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects
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Both forces can act over a distance without physical contact
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Both forces are conservative forces
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All of the above
Explanation
Explanation:
Gravitational and electrostatic forces both follow an inverse-square law, meaning their magnitudes decrease in proportion to 1/r21/r^2 with distance. They also act at a distance without requiring any physical contact between the interacting bodies. Finally, both are conservative forces, so the work done is path-independent and energy can be described by a potential function.
Correct Answer:
All of the above
If a solid metal sphere and a hollow metal sphere of equal diameters are each given the same charge, the electric field ( E ) midway between the sphere center and the surface is
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greater for the solid sphere than for the hollow sphere.
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greater for the hollow sphere than for the solid sphere.
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zero for both.
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equal in magnitude for both, but one is opposite in direction from the other
Explanation
Explanation:
For a hollow metal sphere, all charge resides on the outer surface, and the electric field inside the sphere (at any point within the radius) is zero. For a solid metal sphere in electrostatic equilibrium, the charges also reside on the outer surface, making the electric field inside the solid sphere zero as well. Therefore, midway between the center and the surface (inside the sphere), the electric field is zero for both the solid and hollow spheres.
Correct Answer:
zero for both
For a transformer with number of secondary windings than the number of primary windings, the secondary current will be _____________ ?
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More than the primary current
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Less than the primary current
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Equal to the primary current
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Zero
Explanation
Explanation:
In a transformer, the relationship between voltage and current is governed by the turns ratio: V_s / V_p = N_s / N_p and I_s / I_p = N_p / N_s, where N_s and N_p are the number of secondary and primary windings, respectively. If the secondary winding has more turns than the primary (N_s > N_p), the secondary voltage is higher (step-up transformer), and the secondary current is correspondingly lower than the primary current, as current varies inversely with voltage in an ideal transformer.
Correct Answer:
Less than the primary current
Which one of the following correctly completes the statement, 'When a pure resistance load is on an AC circuit, the load current is_______?'
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In phase with the voltage
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Leading the voltage by 90 degrees
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Lagging the voltage by 90 degrees
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Out of phase by 180 degrees
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45 degrees
Explanation
Explanation:
In an AC circuit with a pure resistive load, the current and voltage vary sinusoidally and reach their maximum and minimum values simultaneously. This means the current is in phase with the voltage. There is no phase shift because resistors do not store energy as magnetic or electric fields, unlike inductors or capacitors.
Correct Answer:
In phase with the voltage
That all points on a wave front act as new sources of spherical waves is attributed to:
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Maxwell
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Young
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Huygens
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Rayleigh
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Michelson
Explanation
Explanation:
The principle that every point on a wavefront behaves as a source of secondary spherical wavelets is known as Huygens’ principle. It explains how waves propagate and how phenomena like reflection and refraction occur.
Correct Answer:
Huygens
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