PHYS 5320 DPT2 Physics: Electricity and Magnetism
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Free PHYS 5320 DPT2 Physics: Electricity and Magnetism Questions
What is a very important difference between electric charges and magnetic poles?
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Electric forces follow the inverse-square law.
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Magnetic poles attract opposite magnetic poles.
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Whereas electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles cannot.
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One is magnetic, the other electric.
Explanation
Explanation:
Electric charges can exist as single positive or negative charges, meaning they can be completely isolated. Magnetic poles, however, always occur as north–south pairs; if you cut a magnet in half, you get two smaller magnets each with its own north and south pole. No isolated magnetic monopole has ever been observed. This fundamental distinction separates electric charges from magnetic poles.
Correct Answer:
Whereas electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles cannot.
Four solenoids have the same number of loops. Which solenoid would produce the strongest magnetic field?
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the solenoid with 1 A of current
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the solenoid with 10 A of current
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the solenoid with 100 A of current
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the solenoid with 0.1 A of current
Explanation
Explanation:
The magnetic field inside a solenoid is B = μ0nI, where n is the turn density and I is the current. With the same number of loops (and thus same nn), the field is directly proportional to the current. The solenoid carrying the greatest current, 100 A, will therefore produce the strongest magnetic field.
Correct Answer:
the solenoid with 100 A of current
Three capacitors are connected in series. Their equivalent capacitance will be ....
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the sum of their capacitances.
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the reciprocal of their average capacitance.
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their average capacitance.
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the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of their individual capacitances.
Explanation
Explanation:
When capacitors are connected in series, the total or equivalent capacitance is less than any individual capacitance. The formula for series capacitance is the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual capacitances. This is because the same charge passes through each capacitor, but the total voltage is divided among them. The reciprocal relationship accounts for the way voltage distributes across each capacitor, ensuring the overall capacitance correctly represents the series configuration.
Correct Answer:
the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of their individual capacitances.
Which of the following best characterizes electrical insulators?
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good heat conductors
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electric charges move freely
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charges on the surface don't move
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high tensile strength
Explanation
Explanation:
Electrical insulators are materials in which electric charges do not move freely. In most insulators, charges remain fixed in place, often on the surface, and do not conduct electricity. This property prevents current flow and allows the material to resist electrical conduction. Insulators are commonly used to coat or separate conductors to prevent unwanted current paths.
Correct Answer:
charges on the surface don't move
When you double the voltage across a certain material or device, you observe that the current increases by a factor of 4. What can you conclude?
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The resistance is ohmic
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The resistance is non-ohmic
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The resistance is zero
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The resistance is infinite
Explanation
Explanation:
Ohm’s law states that V=IR, meaning that in an ohmic material, the current is directly proportional to the applied voltage, and the resistance remains constant. In this case, doubling the voltage causes the current to increase by a factor of 4, not 2. This indicates a nonlinear relationship between voltage and current, meaning the resistance depends on the applied voltage. Therefore, the material is non-ohmic.
Correct Answer:
The resistance is non-ohmic
An electric current in a conducting wire is proportional to:
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The drift speed of the conducting electrons.
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The cross-sectional area of the wire.
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The number density (or concentration) of the conducting electrons.
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All the above
Explanation
Explanation:
The current II in a conductor is given by I=nqvdAI = nqv_d A, where nn is the number density of electrons, qq is the charge of each electron, vdv_d is the drift speed, and AA is the cross-sectional area. This shows current is directly proportional to drift speed, cross-sectional area, and electron density.
Correct Answer:
All the above
Which of the following statements is true regarding the nature of gravitational and electrostatic forces acting on point masses or charges?
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Both forces are inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects
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Both forces can act over a distance without physical contact
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Both forces are conservative forces
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All of the above
Explanation
Explanation:
Gravitational and electrostatic forces both follow an inverse-square law, meaning their magnitudes decrease in proportion to 1/r21/r^2 with distance. They also act at a distance without requiring any physical contact between the interacting bodies. Finally, both are conservative forces, so the work done is path-independent and energy can be described by a potential function.
Correct Answer:
All of the above
An ideal transformer has
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no winding resistance
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no eddy current loss
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power out=power in
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all of the above
Explanation
Explanation:
An ideal transformer is a theoretical device in which all losses are neglected. This means it has no winding resistance, so there is no resistive loss in the coils. It also has no eddy current or hysteresis losses in the core. Additionally, the power input to the primary winding equals the power output from the secondary winding, P_in = P_out, because there are no energy losses. Therefore, all of the listed characteristics apply to an ideal transformer.
Correct Answer:
all of the above
If three capacitors with capacitances c1<c2<c3 are connected in parallel, which of the following statements is true regarding the resulting equivalent capacitance?
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Ceq=c1+c2+c3
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Ceq<c3
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Ceq=c1+c2
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Ceq=c3-c1
Explanation
Explanation:
When capacitors are connected in parallel, the equivalent capacitance is simply the sum of the individual capacitances. This is because in a parallel connection, the voltage across each capacitor is the same, and the total stored charge is the sum of the charges on each capacitor. Therefore, the equivalent capacitance will always be greater than the largest individual capacitance, not less.
Correct Answer:
Ceq=c1+c2+c3
Whereas electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles
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can also.
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cannot.
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gather in clusters.
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none of these
Explanation
Explanation:
All observed magnetic dipoles have north and south poles together; attempts to separate them always produce smaller dipoles, never isolated single poles. This is a fundamental property of magnetism: isolated magnetic monopoles have not been observed.
Correct Answer:
cannot.
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