PHYS 5320 DPT2 Physics: Electricity and Magnetism
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Free PHYS 5320 DPT2 Physics: Electricity and Magnetism Questions
When parallel resistors are of three different values, which has the greatest power loss?
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The smallest resistance
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The largest resistance
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They have the same power loss.
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Voltage and resistance values are needed.
Explanation
Explanation:
In a parallel circuit, all resistors experience the same voltage. The power dissipated by a resistor is given by P=V2/R. Therefore, the resistor with the smallest resistance dissipates the greatest power, as a smaller resistance draws more current for the same voltage.
Correct Answer:
The smallest resistance
Two parallel plates, not electrically connected to anything, are oppositely charged (Qleft = −Qright). What happens to the potential difference between the plates when a dielectric insulator is inserted between the plates?
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The potential difference remains the same.
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The potential difference increases.
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The potential difference decreases.
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The potential difference goes to zero.
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The potential difference is no longer defined.
Explanation
Explanation:
When a dielectric is inserted between isolated parallel plates (plates not connected to a voltage source), the dielectric reduces the electric field inside the plates by a factor of the dielectric constant K. Since the plates are isolated, the charge remains constant, and the potential difference V = E⋅d decreases proportionally to the decrease in electric field. Therefore, inserting a dielectric lowers the potential difference across the plates.
Correct Answer:
The potential difference decreases
A charge +2q is placed at the origin of a coordinate system and a charge of -q is placed at a distance d from the origin. How far from the origin must a third charge +q be placed so that the net force on it is 0 newtons?
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Less than d/2
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Between d/2 and d
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Between d and 2d
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Greater than 2d
Explanation
Explanation:
The net force on the third charge will be zero when the attractive and repulsive forces from the two fixed charges cancel each other. The +q charge at the origin repels the third +q charge, while the -q charge at distance d attracts it. Since the repulsive force from +2q is stronger than the attractive force from -q, the third charge must be placed closer to the smaller -q charge to achieve balance. This means the third charge must be located between d/2 and d from the origin.
Correct Answer:
Between d/2 and d
The current in a solenoid is decreased to one-half of its original value. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the self-inductance of the solenoid?
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The self-inductance does not change.
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The self-inductance increases by a factor of two.
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The self-inductance decreases by a factor of two.
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The self-inductance increases by a factor of four.
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The self-inductance decreases by a factor of four.
Explanation
Explanation:
Self-inductance LL depends only on the physical properties of the solenoid—number of turns, geometry, and the magnetic permeability of the core. It is independent of the amount of current flowing. Reducing the current changes the magnetic flux and stored energy but not the inductance itself.
Correct Answer:
The self-inductance does not change.
In a three-branch parallel circuit containing a 4-ohm, 5-ohm, and 6-ohm resistor, the current is
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Highest through the 4-ohm resistor.
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Lowest through the 4-ohm resistor.
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Highest through the 6-ohm resistor.
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Equal through all three resistors.
Explanation
Explanation:
In a parallel circuit, the voltage across all resistors is the same. According to Ohm’s law, I=V/RI = V / R, the current through each resistor is inversely proportional to its resistance. Therefore, the smallest resistance (4-ohm) will have the highest current, while the largest resistance (6-ohm) will have the lowest current.
Correct Answer:
Highest through the 4-ohm resistor.
A wire of length L carries a current I when a voltage V is applied across its ends. If the same wire is stretched to a length of 2L while maintaining the same material properties, what voltage must be applied to maintain the same current I through the wire?
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2V
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4V
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V
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3V
Explanation
Explanation:
When a wire is stretched to double its original length, its resistance increases because resistance is proportional to length and inversely proportional to cross-sectional area. If the volume of the wire remains constant, stretching to 2L halves the cross-sectional area. Therefore, the new resistance Rnew = ρ(2L)/(A/2) = 4ρL/A = 4Roriginal
To maintain the same current II, by Ohm’s law V = IR, the applied voltage must also increase by a factor of 4.
Correct Answer:
4V
Which of the following statements accurately describes the behavior of magnetic field lines around a magnet?
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They originate from the north pole and terminate at the south pole
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They are always closed loops
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They can cross each other
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They only exist in the presence of electric fields
Explanation
Explanation:
Magnetic field lines form continuous closed loops: they emerge from the magnet’s north pole, travel through space, and re-enter at the south pole, then continue through the interior back to the north. Because of this continuous nature, we say they are always closed loops. They never cross, and they exist independently of electric fields.
Correct Answer:
They are always closed loops
An electron is put into a uniform electric field. How does the direction of the electric field lines relate to the direction of the force acting on the electron?
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Parallel
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Antiparallel
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Perpendicular
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No Relationship
Explanation
Explanation:
Electric field lines point in the direction of the force that a positive charge would experience. Because an electron carries a negative charge, it experiences a force in the opposite direction of the field lines. This means the force on the electron is antiparallel to the electric field.
Correct Answer:
Antiparallel
What is a very important difference between electric charges and magnetic poles?
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Electric forces follow the inverse-square law.
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Magnetic poles attract opposite magnetic poles.
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Whereas electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles cannot.
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One is magnetic, the other electric.
Explanation
Explanation:
Electric charges can exist as single positive or negative charges, meaning they can be completely isolated. Magnetic poles, however, always occur as north–south pairs; if you cut a magnet in half, you get two smaller magnets each with its own north and south pole. No isolated magnetic monopole has ever been observed. This fundamental distinction separates electric charges from magnetic poles.
Correct Answer:
Whereas electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles cannot.
If the primary coil of a transformer carries a steady current of 5.0A, what will be the induced current in the secondary coil if the transformer is designed to operate under ideal conditions with no load connected to the secondary:
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5.0A
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0A
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2.5A
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10.0A
Explanation
Explanation:
In an ideal transformer with no load connected to the secondary, no current flows in the secondary coil because there is no closed circuit for the current to flow. While the primary coil carries a steady current to establish the magnetic field, the secondary current is zero until a load is connected. This is a direct consequence of Faraday’s law of induction and the need for a closed circuit to sustain current.
Correct Answer:
0A
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