Chicago State University School of Pharmacy PHAR 6128 Pharmacy Patient Skills II
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Free Chicago State University School of Pharmacy PHAR 6128 Pharmacy Patient Skills II Questions
If using water with a Neti Pot®, which of the following statements is TRUE regarding its use?
- Replace product every 6 months
- This product is NOT safe for use in pregnancy
- If using tap water, boil for at least 3 to 5 minutes prior to use (allow to cool)
- If no improvement in 2 days, seek medical attention
Explanation
Correct Answer: C) If using tap water, boil for at least 3 to 5 minutes prior to use (allow to cool)
Tap water is not sterile and may contain microorganisms such as Naegleria fowleri, which can cause serious infections when introduced into the nasal passages. Boiling tap water for at least 3 to 5 minutes and allowing it to cool before use renders it safe for nasal irrigation. Distilled or sterile water is also acceptable. Neti Pots should be replaced every 3 months (not 6), are generally safe in pregnancy, and patients should seek medical attention if no improvement occurs after 3 to 5 days, not 2 days.
DF is a 33-year-old male complaining of mild (pain score = 3) right ankle pain following an injury that occurred yesterday during his kickball game. DF reports mild inflammation and has some minor cuts and bruises in the affected area. DF reports an allergy to salicylates and has a medical history significant for chronic alcohol abuse (> 4 alcoholic beverages/day). Which of the following would be the BEST treatment option for DF's pain?
- Ibuprofen
- Acetaminophen
- Heat treatment
- Aspirin
Explanation
Correct Answer: C) Heat treatment
This patient has two critical contraindications that eliminate most pharmacologic options. Aspirin is contraindicated due to his salicylate allergy. Ibuprofen (an NSAID) is contraindicated because NSAIDs can worsen bleeding risk with open cuts and should be avoided with alcohol use. Acetaminophen is contraindicated with chronic heavy alcohol use (>3 drinks/day) due to the risk of severe hepatotoxicity. Heat treatment, while typically not preferred for acute injuries with inflammation, is the safest option given all pharmacologic choices are contraindicated in this patient.
A mother walks into your pharmacy and wants you to recommend an over-the-counter product for her baby's symptoms of diarrhea. When you ask her for more information, she tells you that her 4-month-old baby has had diarrhea for the past 10 hours. The baby also has a fever of 103 F (rectally). Everyone (mom, dad, older brother) also have been bothered with diarrhea. The baby has no known allergies and takes no medications on a regular basis. What would be the BEST recommendation for this parent?
- Recommend the BRAT (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast) to rest the baby's GI tract
- A baby less than 6 months of age with diarrhea and a high fever should not be treated with self-care; contact the MD
- Recommend Imodium (loperamide) liquid by mouth 2 mg after each loose stool
- Recommend an oral rehydration solution (ORS) like Pedialyte for two days
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) A baby less than 6 months of age with diarrhea and a high fever should not be treated with self-care; contact the MD
A 4-month-old infant with diarrhea lasting 10 hours and a high rectal fever of 103°F is not a candidate for self-care. Infants under 6 months are at high risk for rapid dehydration and serious infection and require immediate medical evaluation. Loperamide is contraindicated in children under 2 years. The BRAT diet is not recommended for infants. While ORS is beneficial, the severity and age of this patient makes physician referral the safest and most appropriate recommendation.
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate nonpharmacologic recommendation for a cough?
- Take nonmedicated lozenges or candies
- Use a humidifier or vaporizer
- Get adequate rest
- Limit water intake
Explanation
Correct Answer: D) Limit water intake
Staying well hydrated is actually an important nonpharmacologic recommendation for managing a cough, as fluids help thin mucus secretions and soothe irritated airways. Limiting water intake would worsen symptoms by thickening mucus and prolonging irritation. Nonmedicated lozenges soothe the throat, humidifiers add moisture to the airways, and adequate rest supports immune recovery — all of which are appropriate nonpharmacologic strategies.
What does "O" stand for in SCHOLAR-MAC in self-care interviewing?
- Objective data
- Order
- Onset
- Other symptoms
Explanation
Correct Answer: C) Onset
In the SCHOLAR-MAC mnemonic used in self-care patient interviewing, each letter represents a specific assessment category. "O" stands for Onset, which refers to when the symptoms first began. This helps the pharmacist or clinician understand the timeline of the condition and determine if it requires referral or is appropriate for self-care treatment.
All of the following should be included in self-care counseling EXCEPT:
- Drug name, drug dose, and directions for use
- Monitoring of adverse effects
- When to follow-up with a medical provider
- Use of medical terminology
Explanation
Correct Answer: D) Use of medical terminology
Effective self-care counseling should be communicated in plain, patient-friendly language that the patient can understand and act upon. Using complex medical terminology creates barriers to understanding and can lead to medication errors or poor adherence. All other options — drug name, dose, directions, adverse effect monitoring, and follow-up guidance — are essential components of thorough and safe self-care counseling.
All of the following are considered self-care strategies EXCEPT:
- Drinking hot tea for a cold
- Annual check up with primary care provider
- Using a nonprescription medication to treat a headache
- Maintaining a healthy lifestyle by taking vitamins
Explanation
Correct Answer: B) Annual check up with primary care provider
Self-care refers to actions individuals take on their own to maintain or improve their health without professional medical involvement. Drinking hot tea for a cold, using OTC medications, and taking vitamins are all examples of self-directed care. An annual check-up with a primary care provider involves a healthcare professional and is considered formal medical care, not self-care.
Exercise can be beneficial in patients with mild symptoms of the common cold.
- True
- False
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) True
Research suggests that mild to moderate exercise may be beneficial for patients experiencing mild cold symptoms, as it can support immune function and improve overall well-being. The general guideline is that exercise is acceptable when symptoms are "above the neck" such as a runny nose or mild congestion. However, exercise should be avoided if symptoms are "below the neck" such as fever, body aches, chest congestion, or fatigue, as it may worsen the illness or delay recovery.
VS is a 56-year-old male complaining of mild left leg pain following a cycling accident that occurred yesterday. VS reports no inflammation, but he does have broken skin in the area secondary to cuts and scrapes from the accident. VS reports no drug allergies and has a medical history significant for impaired renal function. Which of the following would be the BEST treatment option for VS's pain?
- Heat Treatment
- Ibuprofen
- Naproxen
- Acetaminophen
Explanation
Correct Answer: D) Acetaminophen
This patient has impaired renal function, which is a contraindication for NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and naproxen, as these agents reduce renal prostaglandin synthesis, causing further vasoconstriction of renal vasculature and potentially worsening kidney function. Heat treatment is contraindicated given the presence of broken skin, cuts, and scrapes, as it could worsen inflammation and increase infection risk. Acetaminophen is renally safe at appropriate doses and has no contraindications in this patient, making it the best pharmacologic choice.
JL is a 22-year-old female who is complaining of the following SEVERE allergic rhinitis nasal symptoms: nasal congestion, and a runny/itchy nose. She has experienced these symptoms in the past. She states she typically feels this way every Fall for the last 3 years. Which of the following medication recommendations is MOST appropriate for JL?
- Fluticasone propionate nasal spray daily
- Diphenhydramine oral capsules every 4 hours
- Loratadine oral tablets daily
- Phenylephrine oral tablets every 4 hours
Explanation
Correct Answer: A) Fluticasone propionate nasal spray daily
JL presents with severe, predictable seasonal allergic rhinitis occurring every Fall for 3 years. Intranasal corticosteroids such as fluticasone propionate are the most effective first-line treatment for moderate-to-severe allergic rhinitis, addressing all nasal symptoms including congestion, rhinorrhea, and itching with once-daily dosing. Diphenhydramine requires frequent dosing and causes significant sedation. Loratadine is appropriate for mild symptoms but is less effective than intranasal steroids for severe congestion. Phenylephrine is a decongestant only and does not address the allergic component.
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